Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor,it can reduce production and excretion of uric acid and oxygen free radicals generation. Allopurinol has good therapeutic effects on gout and hyperuricemia,and can relief symptoms of prostatitis. In addition, allopurinol has protective effects on ischemical reperfusion injury,inflammation and tumor.

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is a quite common disease,and it is a functional enteropathy that characterized by abdomen discomfort or pain,diarrhea,constipation or the mix of both.At present the clinical diagnosis refers to the Roman Ⅱ standard,but it is easy to create leaks examines.In 2006,the new Roman Ⅲ standard let clinician have a more objective basis regarding diagnosis of children with IBS.Its treatment is a complex therapy based on the symptom and serious degree of the symptom.The author will introduce children with IBS with emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment progress.

[Objective]To explore the vascularization within spherical porous ?-TCP scaffolds in vivo.[Method]Thirty adult rabbits were selected and divided into 5 groups randomly.Spherical porous ?-TCP scaffolds(the diameter was 2 cm,the pore size was 500～600?m,the interconnection size was 110～120 ?m) were harvested at 1,2,4,8 and 12 weeks after embedded into muscle-fascia lumbodorsalis pouches in each rabbit separately,in order to observe the vascularization by means of morphological and quantificational analysis.[Result]No vessel was detected at one week after surgery,and only a few immature vascular buds could be seen at the 2nd week.The first vascularization peak could be observed at 4 weeks,characterized by the growth of quantity of new blood vessels(P0.05).[Conclusion]The process of vascularization comprises two phases,the quantity increasing in the early stage and the quality enhancing in the later stage.The special architecture and biodegradation characters of scaffolds could influence the vascularization.

Objective:To study the change of immunological response and cell proliferation in breast tissues augmented by polyacrylamide hydrogel injection(PHI).Methods:The expression of CD68,CD25 and PCNA in 20 breast tissues with indurations,12 without indurations after breast augmentation by PHI,and 10 normal breast tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry P-V6000; analysis was also done by H-E staining.Results:Hyperplasia of fibrous tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cells and macrophages were found in the breast and adjacent tissues 3-8 years after PHI.Positive cells of CD68,CD25 and PCNA hardly existed in the normal tissues,but the breast tissues around the polyacrylamide hydrogel had many positive cells of CD68 and PCNA,especially in cases with indurations;there were significant differences between the 3 groups(P

BACKGROUND:Intervention using known inflammatory transmitters has limitations on relieving secondary spinal cord injury. Interleukin-17 is an important proinflammatory cytokine, and is gradual y paid attention in the pathogenesis of central nervous system diseases.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the altered rule of interleukin-17 mRNA and protein in a rat model of acute spinal cord injury.
METHODS:Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups. In the model group, rats were made into complete spinal cord transaction models. In the sham surgery group, only spinal dura mater was opened, but parenchyma was not injured. Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale was used to observe the effects of acute spinal cord injury on limb motor function of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe histopathological changes at various time points after spinal cord injury. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to detect interleukin-17 mRNA and protein levels in each group at various time points after spinal cord injury.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale:Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan scores were 20 to 21 in the sham surgery group. Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan scores were 0 at 1 and 2 days after spinal cord injury. At 7 days, Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan scores were 0 to 3 (P<0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining results revealed that compared with the sham surgery group, inflammatory cel infiltration, neuronal and glial cel swel ing, and a reduced number of neuronal processes were observed at 6 hours after spinal cord injury. Gray matter and white matter were loose and vacuolated at 12 hours. Gliocyte proliferation and tissue fibrosis were apparent at 7 days. Real-time PCR results demonstrated that interleukin-17 mRNA appeared at 3 hours, and peaked at 6 hours (P<0.01), and then decreased. Interleukin-17 mRNA levels were similar to the sham surgery group at 7 days. Western blotting results revealed that interleukin-17 expression began to increase at 6 hours and peaked at 12 hours (P<0.05), and then reduced, and reached the levels in the sham surgery group at 7 days. Results indicated that tissue injury was most severe at 12 hours, and showed a time consistency with interleukin-17 expression. It is inferred that interleukin-17 is possibly involved in the process of secondary inflammatory reaction of spinal cord.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of corneoscleral separation in the treatment of persistent corneal ulcer.METHODS: Collected 22 cases (22 eyes) with deep corneal ulcer were treated with drugs.These patients underwent corneoscleral separation or corneal interstitial filling of sterile gelatin sponge,by retrospectively observing the cornea ulcer healing,anterior chamber reaction and separation of new blood vessels grow between the layers,and so on,the surgical indications,surgical techniques,postoperative complications and treatment were evaluated.RESULTS: Patients were followed up 3 to 6mo,of which 18 eyes cornea were seen a small amount of new blood vessels,anterior chamber empyema after 7-9d.Ulcers gradually narrowed,infection controlled,the surrounding edema relieved,visual acuity improved by varying degrees after 12-15d.Postoperative 4 eyes for the mixed infection,2 of the 4 eyes were of the rapid progress,neovascularization did not grow into the lesion,ulcers on the verge of perforation and then done penetrating keratoplasty.CONCLUSION: The aim of this study is to introduce deep limbal vessels into the surrounding of ulcer foci,which to combine with drug therapy is one of the effective methods to treat deep corneal infection.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of expression of interlenkin (IL)-17 in C57 mice′s spinal cord clamp area,and to provide new targets for clinical treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups. In the spinal cord injury group,mice were made into spinal cord clamp model. In the sham surgery group, the dura was cut without injuring the spinal cord. The IL-17 neutralizing antibody group received IL-17 neutralizing antibody injection through the cadual vein at 1 hour after the spinal cord clamp . Mouse scale for locomotion (BMS)was applied to evaluate the mice's behavior change of hindlimb in 1-7 days,the real time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the change in the expression of spinal cord injury district TNF-αmRNA each time,HE staining was conducted to detect the morphological changes of spinal cord injury of the sham surgery group,the spinal cord injury group and the IL-17 neutralizing antibody group at the 7th days. Results After spinal cord injury,the mice's BMS score were 9 in the sham surgery group;in the model of spinal cord injury group,the mice's BMS score were 0 on the 1st day,and 2.9 on the 7th day. In the IL-17 neutralizing antibody group,the mice's BMS score were 0 on the 1st day,and 3.5 on the 7th day. The expression of IL-17 mRNA in the injury area peaked at the 3rd hour,which showed statistical difference when compared with sham surgery group (P<0.05),and then decreased. In other times,it had no statistical difference when compared with sham surgery group (P>0.05),and the expression of IL-17 mRNA reduced the lowest levels on the 7th day. The 7th day following spinal cord injury,mice's spinal cord tissue was complete normal in the sham surgery group. In the spinal cord injury group,a large number of mice's nerve cells were necrotic, a lot of cells formed vacuolated. In the IL-17 neutralizing antibody group, part of mice's nuclear neurons were shrinking, cells formed vacuolated, but part of cells remained morphologically complete. Conclusion IL-17 is involved in secondary immune inflammatory process of spinal cord injury, it may be targets for intervention in the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Objective: To study the quality and transdermal properties of matrine microemulsion-based hydrogel (MBH) to provide basis for the development of the preparation.Methods: The stability of MBH was observed at 4 ℃ for 3 months and the changes of particle appearance, viscosity, pH and matrine content were observed.The transdermal permeation of MBH was investigated by a dual chamber permeation and diffusion device with excised mouse skin as the barrier.Taking rabbits as the experimental subjects, the irritation of MBH to the normal skin and damaged skin was investigated.Results: The appearance, viscosity, pH and matrine content of MBH at 4 ℃ in 3 months did not change significantly.In vitro transdermal test showed that MBH had a good penetration rate on mouse skin, and no skin irritation occurred after single or multiple administrations.Conclusion: MBH has good stability and high rate of transdermal penetration without skin irritation, which is a promising drug delivery system of matrine with good application prospects.

Background The special pathological change of diabetic retinopathy(DR)is microvascular disorder.Angiopoietin-like protein 2(Ang-2)is a new protein associated with genesis of blood vessels.Quercetin has multiple pharmacological action,including improving the microcircularion and the permeability of blood capillary.However,the action mechanism of Ang-2 on DR was unclear.Objective The present study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on Ang-2 and its receptor Tie2 expression in retina with diabetes mellitus.Methods Sixty clean male Wistar rats were randomized into 7 groups and 10 rats for each group,and 10 rats served as blank control group.Streptozotocin of 35 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in 60 rats to establish the diabetic models.Quercetins encapsulated by liposome with the doses of 50,150 and 250 mg/(kg · d)(3-5 ml)were used to gavage in different groups of models for 12 weeks,and normal saline solution and calcium dobesilate were used at the same fashion as the negative control group and positive control group,respectively.Twelve weeks later,the animals were sacrificed and retinas were isolated.Expressions of Ang-2 protein and Tie2 mRNA in retinas were detected by ELISA and RT-PCR,respectively.The usage and rearing of the animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Sciences and Technology Commission.Results ELISA showed that the A450 of Ang-2 in 150 and 250 mg/(kg · d)quercetin groups was 0.796±0.057 and 0.842±0.043 respectively and was lower than that negative group(1.012±0.046),showing statistically significant differences(q =2.95,2.698,P＜0.05).RT-PCR assay showed that expression of Tie2 mRNA(Tie2 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA)in retinas was 0.712±0.092 and 0.821±0.087,presenting statistically significant differences in comparison with negative group(1.182±0.098)(q =3.497,2.852,P＜0.05).The expression levels of Ang-2 and Tie2 mRNA in retina were lowest in 150 mg/(kg · d)quercetin group.Conclusions Quercetin can improve the retinal microcirculation by downregulating the expressions of Ang-2 and its receptor in early period of diabetic rats.

Objective To investigate the image quality differences of clinical conventional contrast injection solutions and personalized injection program in 64 -slice spiral coronary CT angiography (CTA),thus to obtain the CTA optimum contrast agent injection protocol.Methods 64 patients who needed to receive CTA angiography,were randomly divided into observation group and control group,32 cases in each group.The control group underwent rou-tine clinical angiography contrast agent injection protocol,the observation group received personalized contrast injec-tion solutions,the image difference of the two groups was compared.Results Compared with the control group,the right ventricular (RV)and pulmonary CT value of the observation group increased significantly[(272.4 ±72.3)HU, (372.1 ±78.2)HU],the differences were statistically significant (t =3.827,3.921,all P <0.05).CT values of left ventricular (LV),ascending /descending aorta had no significant differences between the two groups (P >0.05). Compared with the control group,the advantages of septal imaging of the observation group was significant (control group 3 points in 20 cases,29 cases of the observation group),the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =16.023,P <0.05).Conclusion In CTA angiography,personalized contrast injection speed can effectively improve the enhancement degree of right heart,so that the right ventricular septal has clearer image,provides a great conven-ience for clinical diagnosis and prognosis,it is worth further clinical application.