Objective To examine the clinical application of ultrasonography to detection of mesenteric lymph nodes in chil‐dren with intermittent abdominal pain.Methods A total of 196 children who underwent abdominal ultrasonography for differ‐ent reasons were divided into the intermittent abdominal pain group and non‐abdominal pain group.The location ,size and num‐ber of mesenteric lymph nodes were recorded.Results Statistical difference in the long‐axis diameter(P=0.005)and ratio of short‐to‐long‐axis diameter was found among patients with different ages in non‐abdominal pain group(P= 0.015) ,while no significant difference was seen in short‐axis diameter(P=0.773).No significant difference was observed in the diameter of each axis between different genders in non‐abdominal pain group.There was a statistical difference between abdominal pain group and non‐abdominal pain group in the incidence of lymph nodes with short‐axis diameter of 6 mm and larger(P=0.002)and long‐axis diameter of 14 mm and larger(P=0.007).Conclusion Mesenteric lymph node with short‐axis diameter larger than 6 mm should be considered enlarged in children ,but should not be diagnosed with mesenteric lymphadenitis.It’s common to find en‐larged mesenteric lymph nodes in children without abdominal pain.Further investigations with a larger number of patients are required to confirm these findings .

Brucellosis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Malta ; Middle Aged ; Spondylitis ; diagnosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the possible neurophysiologic mechanisms of propofol and N-methyl-D- aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist against learning-memory impairment of depressed rats without olfactory bulbs.

METHODSModels of depressed rats without olfactory bulbs were established. For the factorial design in analysis of variance, two intervention factors were included: electroconvulsive shock groups (with and without a course of electroconvulsive shock) and drug intervention groups [intraperotoneal (ip) injection of saline, NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 and propofol. A total of 60 adult depressed rats without olfactory bulbs were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups (n=10 per group): ip injection of 5 ml saline; ip injection of 5 ml of 10 mg/kg MK-801; ip injection of 5 ml of 10 mg/kg MK-801 and a course of electroconvulsive shock; ip injection of 5 ml of 200 mg/kg propofol; ip injection of 5 ml of 200 mg/kg propofol and a course of electroconvulsive shock; and ip injection of 5 ml saline and a course of electroconvulsive shock. The learning-memory abilities of the rats was evaluated by the Morris water maze test. The content of glutamic acid in the hippocampus was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The expressions of p-AT8Ser202 in the hippocampus were determined by Western blot analysis.

RESULTSPropofol, MK-801 or electroconvulsive shock alone induced learning-memory impairment in depressed rats, as proven by extended evasive latency time and shortened space probe time. Glutamic acid content in the hippocampus of depressed rats was significantly up-regulated by electroconvulsive shock and down-regulated by propofol, but MK-801 had no significant effect on glutamic acid content. Levels of phosphorylated Tau protein p-AT8Ser202 in the hippocampus was up-regulated by electroconvulsive shock but was reduced by propofol and MK-801 alone. Propofol prevented learning-memory impairment and reduced glutamic acid content and p-AT8Ser202 levels induced by electroconvulsive shock.

CONCLUSIONElectroconvulsive shock might reduce learning-memory impairment caused by protein Tau hyperphosphorylation in depressed rats by down-regulating glutamate content.

Animals ; Depression ; psychology ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; pharmacology ; Electroshock ; Glutamic Acid ; analysis ; Learning Disorders ; prevention & control ; Male ; Memory Disorders ; prevention & control ; Phosphorylation ; Propofol ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; tau Proteins ; metabolism

Objectives: To observe the efficacy of encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS) or in combination with endovascular embolization in the treatment of patients with moyamoya disease complicating intracranial aneurysms and to investigate the therapeutic strategy for moyamoya disease complicating intracranial aneurysms. Methods: A total of 27 patients (28 aneurysms) with moyamoya disease complicating intracranial aneurysms confirmed by cerebral angiography were recruited. Nineteen patients were presented as hemorrhagic disease and 8 patients were presented as cerebral ischemic disease. For 10 patients with arterial trunk aneurysms, they were treated with endovascular embolization, and then were treated with unilateral EDAS 7-10 days after embolization. Three months later the contralateral EDAS were performed. As for the aneurysms located in the peripheral arteries (n = 17) , if the embolization could be performed (n =9), the aneurysms were obliterated with coils or ONYX glue, otherwise the ipsilateral EDAS should be performed (n = 8). Results: Circled digit oneEighteen aneurysms in 19 patients (20 aneurysms) were embolized successfully and 2 patients were failed (one aneurysm in lenticulostriate artery and the other in posterior choroidal artery). After embolization, 3 patients with peripheral aneurysms had contralateral limb weakness, and recovered within 1 week to 3 months. Circled digit twoThere was no bleeding and rebleeding for 10-60 months follow-up after EDAS. Among the patients with cerebral ischemia, 2 had recurrence of TIA within 3 months after EDAS, but they had no recurrence of the symptom after 3 months. Circled digit threeThe angiography of 21 patients (21 aneurysms) 3 to 15 months after EDAS showed that the aneurysms treated with embolization did not reoccur (12 aneurysms); 8 of 9 peripheral aneurysms without eml)olization were disappeared; and significant retention of contrast agent in 1 aneurysm was found. All 21 patients showed better communication between the superficial temporal artery and intracranial angiogenesis. Conclusion: Endovascular embolization is one of the important means for the treatment of moyamoya disease complicating intracranial aneurysms. EDAS may promote the occlusion of peripheral aneurysms.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Heart Failure ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; complications ; therapy ; Middle Aged

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Ethane ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Nitroparaffins ; analysis ; Uncertainty ; Workplace

This article introduced basic information of production composition, health preservation functions and main raw materials of authorized vinum health food. It also made comparison and analysis among vinum health food, medicinal liquor and compound wine on the basis of product orientation, raw materials, and evaluation system. It conducted analysis on turmoil and main problems in health preservation wine market. Combined with the problems in the supervision of health preservation, it proposed the policy suggestions of strehgthening administration of vinum health food and identify the production orientation of vinum health food, medicinal liquor and compound wine from the aspects of raw materials, function claimation and management. It also put forward rational consumption suggestions, with a purpose to offer references to related authorities, researchers, and consumers.

Oregon sued a certain American well-known supplements’agency contained illegal ingredients on Oct.22, 2015. The event presented that FDA showed the problem of the management issues on the supplement ingredients. This event also triggered the discussions about the role of supervisation and law enforcement of FDA and State government. This paper aimed to systematically analyze the related problems in such issue and tried to offer suggestion of food regulation and ingredient management to the researchers and administrators in China.

Objective To access the changes of lung function of newborns with pneumonia and to investigate the feasibility of measuring lung function in the body plcthysmograph for diagnosing and treating respiratory diseases.Methods There were 117 infants,1 day after being diagnosed with mild or moderate pneumonia,aged 4-28 days,involved in the study,those who needed oxygen cure,mechanical ventilation,or had complications from pneumonia were ruled out.Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed in the baby body plethysmography to access tidal breathing,plethysmographic functional residual capacity (FRCp),and effective airway resistance (Reff).The other 126 contemporaneous healthy children took the same test for comparison.According to their ages,infants were grouped into 4-7 d,8-14 d,15-21 d and 22-28 d.Results Of the 117 infants with pneumonia,79 (67.5 ％ equivalently) had abnormal lung function.Compared with the controls,infants with pneumonia had significantly higher values of peak tidal expiratory flow [(59.4 ± 16.6) mL/s vs (52.9 ± 16.6) mL/s],expiratory flow at 75％ tidal volume [(57.4 ± 16.7) mL/s vs (49.5 ± 16.7) mL/s],special effective airway resistance (0.48 kPa · s vs O.27 kPa · s),Reff [6.96 kPa · s/L vs 4.82 kPa · s/L] and Reff per kilogram [1.99 kPa · s/(L · kg) vs 1.44 kPa · s/(L · kg)],but lower values of time to peak tidal expiratory flow as a percentage of total expiratory time [(26.5 ± 10.0) ％ vs (36.8 ± 9.9) ％],volume to peak tidal expiratory flow as a percentage of total expiratory volune [(27.9 ± 7.3) ％ vs (35.6 ± 8.4) ％]and expiratory flow at 25％ tidal volume [(36.3 ± 11.7) mL/s vs (40.1 ± 12.4) mL/s].There were no sig± nificant differences in the values of respiratory rate,FRCp and FRCp/kg between the pneumonia children and the healthy control chidren.Compared with the infants aged ≤ 14 days,there were more significant differences in relative parameters of lung funetion between the pneumonia group and the healthy control group for infants aged 15-28 days.Conclusions Newborns with pneumonia had a high ratio of abnormal lung function,which went up to 67.5％,and had apparent obstruction of small airways.Neonates with pneumonia aged 15-28 days had more apparent lesion of lang function.Measuring lang function by means of plethysmography among newborns is feasible and it can detect abnormal lung function sensitively.