1.Retrovirus and Transgenic Chicken
Chao-Lai MAN ; Yan CHEN ;
China Biotechnology 2006;0(07):-
With the fast development of biopharmacy,transgenic chicken oviduct bioreactor is going to be the focus of people’s attention.For its excellent advantages,transgenic chicken will be one of rising industries in the field of biopharmacy and hot spot of scientific study.Now,the most successful method for producing transgenic chicken is mediated by retrovirus transferring gene into it, and transgenic chicken have been produced by this method.The advantages and methods of producing transgenic chicken by retrovirus,and the progress in transgenic chicken research were summarized.The significance and existent problems of transgenic chicken are also discussed.
2.Analysis of 572 Cases of Drug-induced Liver Injury Induced by Anti-infective Agents
Man ZHU ; Daihong GUO ; Luwen SHI ; Sheng HAN ; Zhao REN ; Le CAI ; Chao FAN ; Chao CHEN ; Liang MA ; Yuanjie XU
China Pharmacy 2015;(26):3663-3666
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the condition and characteristics of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) of anti-infective agents and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of anti-infective agents related DILI. METHODS:Based on retrospective analysis,a total of 572 DILI reports of anti-infective agents were collected from PLA ADR monitoring center during 2009 to 2013, and then analyzed statistically in terms of patient’s age and gender,main diagonosis,categories of DILI-inducing drugs,type,route of administration,occurrence time,lab indicator,DILI types and clinical manifestations,the application of liver protective drugs,out-comes,etc. RESULTS:Among 572 DILI cases,there were 412 cases(72.03%)of male patients and 160 cases(27.97%)of female patients,and average age of the patients was(44.54±23.75)years old. ADRs were related to 57 kinds of anti-infective agents in 6 cat-egories. Rifampin was the most frequent in suspected drugs,followed by isoniazid,moxifloxacin,fluconazole,azithromycin,cefurox-ime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, levofloxacin, cefoxitin and voriconazole. Intravenous infusion was the main administration route (74.48%). The occurrence time of ADRs was mainly within two weeks (86.19%). Hepatocellular damage (93.33%) was the main type in 360 cases of ADR for evaluation of liver injury types. The majority of cases(82.17%)were cured or improved after drug with-drawal and symptomatic treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Cephalosporin,fluoroquinolones,antituberculosis and antifungal drugs might be the common agents which caused liver injury. Hepatocellular damage is the most frequent type. Most of patients have a favourable prognosis. Clinical medical staffs should strengthen the awareness of DILI caused by anti-infective agents and ehance the prevetion of it.
3.Endothelial dysfunction in young pre-hypertension and its influencing factors
Lan WANG ; Jianjun MU ; Ruihai YANG ; Jun YANG ; Man WANG ; Chao CHU ; Bingqing XIE ; Zhenzhen DONG
Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University(Medical Sciences) 2017;38(4):574-578,625
Objective To investigate the endothelial dysfunction in pre-hypertension and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 373 youth were divided as the subjects into hypertension group (HBP group),prehypertension group (PHT group) and normal blood pressure group (NBP group).Endothelial function was assessed based on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT),brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).Results IMT and baPWV in PHT group were higher than those in NBP group (P<0.05),but did not reach the significant difference when compared with HBP group (P>0.05).Compared with HBP,the levels of FMD in PHT group significantly increased (P< 0.05);however,no difference was observed in comparison with NBP group (P>0.05).In the early stage of hypertension,diastolic BP (β=-0.120,P<0.05) and body mass index (β=-0.115,P<0.05) were negatively correlated with FMD;diastolic BP (β=0.146,P<0.05),2-hour glucose (β=0.147,P<0.05),high-density lipoprotein cholestrol (β=0.150,P<0.05),and waist-hip ratio (β=0.126,P<0.05) showed a positive correlation with IMT.baPWV was correlated with systolicBP (β=0.358,P<0.01),waist circumference (β=0.254,P<0.05),fasting glucose (β=0.155,P<0.05),postprandial 2 h blood glucose (β =0.152,P <0.05),uric acid (β =0.206,P < 0.05),and C-reactive protein (β=0.099,P<0.05).Corclusion Our study shows that endothelial dysfunction may exist in the prehypertensive young,and several cardiovascular risks contribute to its development in the early stage of hypertension.
4.Role of melatonin in spatial learning and memory in rats and its mechanism.
Yin FENG ; Lie-Xiong ZHANG ; Dong-Man CHAO
Acta Physiologica Sinica 2002;54(1):65-70
It has been suggested that melatonin is involved in learning and memory. In the present study, we investigated the effects of melatonin on spatial learning and memory in rats, using Morris water maze and electrophysiological methods. The results are as follows. (1) During a six-day water maze training, the mean escape latency of melatonin group in the last 4 days was 30.02+/-3.6 s, and that of control group was 18.44+/-2.7 s (P<0.01). The crossing annulus coefficient of melatonin group was 25.68+/-2.32%, and that of control group was 43.33+/-2.85% (P<0.01). (2) Microinjection of melatonin into CA1 area inhibited long-term potentiation (LTP). Sixty minutes after tetanus, the field excitory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) slope of group C (n=7 0.5 microliter saline) was 169.71+/-6.48 % of the baseline, and that of group M2 (n=6, 2 microgram melatonin) was 114.28+/-1.80% of the baseline. The difference is significant (P<0.01). (3) We also investigated the effects of melatonin on LTP after administration of scopolamine. Sixty minutes after tetanus, the fEPSP slope of group SM (n=6, 2 microgram scopolamine before 2 microgram melatonin) was 113.70+/-5.55% of the baseline. It showed a significant decrease compared with group C (P<0.01). However, there was no difference between groups SM and M2 (P>0.05, i.v.). The results obtained by applying melatonin after bicuculline were different from those after scopolamine. Sixty minutes after tetanus, the fEPSP slope of group BM (n=7, 1 microgram bicuculline before 2 microgram melatonin) was 162.29+/>10.52% of the baseline. Compared with group C, there is no significant difference (P>0.05); but compared with group M2, the difference is significant (P<0.01). Our results showed that application of melatonin in rats significantly inhibited not only spatial learning and memory, but also LTP in CA1 area. Furthermore, the results indicate that the inhibition of LTP by melatonin may not be mediated by cholinergic system, but may be through the modulation of GABAergic system.
Animals
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Bicuculline
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pharmacology
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Female
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Hippocampus
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drug effects
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physiology
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Learning
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drug effects
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Long-Term Potentiation
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drug effects
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Male
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Melatonin
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pharmacology
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Scopolamine Hydrobromide
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pharmacology
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Space Perception
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drug effects
5.Application of rapid PCR to authenticate medicinal snakes.
Kang CHEN ; Chao JIANG ; Yuan YUAN ; Lu-Qi HUANG ; Man LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2014;39(19):3673-3677
To obtained an accurate, rapid and efficient method for authenticate medicinal snakes listed in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (Zaocysd humnades, Bungarus multicinctus, Agkistrodon acutus), a rapid PCR method for authenticate snakes and its adulterants was established based on the classic molecular authentication methods. DNA was extracted by alkaline lysis and the specific primers were amplified by two-steps PCR amplification method. The denatured and annealing temperature and cycle numbers were optimized. When 100 x SYBR Green I was added in the PCR product, strong green fluorescence was visualized under 365 nm UV whereas adulterants without. The whole process can complete in 30-45 minutes. The established method provides the technical support for authentication of the snakes on field.
Animals
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China
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DNA Primers
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genetics
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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methods
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Reptilian Proteins
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genetics
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Snakes
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classification
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genetics
6.Network pharmacology study of flavone extracts of Silybum marianum in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Chen YE ; Wen JIANG ; Man HU ; Yan ZHANG ; Yu-cai LIU ; Ji-chao LIANG ; Yong CHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2022;57(2):399-408
To investigate the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of the main flavonoid components of
7. Correlation between permeability of blood-brain barrier and total MRI burden in patients with cerebral small vessel disease
Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging Technology 2020;36(9):1303-1308
Objective: To investigate the relationship between permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and total MRI cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). Methods: A total of 104 patients were evaluated using 5 points CSVD imaging burden scale, including lacunes, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), cerebral microbleeds (CMB), enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and brain atrophy (BA). The patients were then were divided into 6 groups according to the result of total CSVD burden score (0-5), i. e. CSVD0 group, 1 group, 2 group, 3 group, 4 group and CSVD5 group. DCE-MRI were performed, and Patlak pharmacokinetic model was used to quantify BBB permeability in WMH, normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), cortical gray matter (CGM) and deep gray matter (DGM). Results: Finally 99 patients were included. After adjusting for age, gender and vascular risk factors, the total imaging burden of CSVD was positively correlated with leakage rate (Ktrans) and area under the curve (AUC) in 4 regions of NAWM, WMH, CGM and DGM (all P<0.05). In NAWM, CGM and DGM regions, the total imaging burden of CSVD was negatively correlated with fractional blood plasma volume (Vp) (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Increased BBB permeability associated with total MRI CSVD burden, suggesting that damaged BBB may be a crucial contributor to the pathogenesis of CSVD.
8.Cost-effectiveness analysis on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and multi-point daily insulin injections in the treatment program of type 2 diabetes
Jiong SHU ; Long-Yi ZENG ; MUPanwei ; Man-Man WANG ; Guo-Chao ZHANG ; Yan-Ming CHEN
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2009;30(7):737-739
Objective To observe the cost-effectiveness of using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CS Ⅱ) and multi-point daily insulin injections (MDI) in controlling blood sugar in the newly hospitalized type 2 diabetes patients. Methods Retrospective analysis on 86 cases taking CS Ⅱ and 103 cases using MDI on a 'blood sugar control program' among the newly hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. The period for observation was 2 weeks, using cost-effectiveness analysis methods to evaluate the two treatment programs. Results After two weeks of treatment, the effectiveness in the control of blood sugar in CS Ⅱ group was similar to the MDI group, with no significant difference(P<0.05) and the adverse reactions were similar. Costs in the CS Ⅱ program (Yuan/person) was less than in the MDI program (1478.34 vs. 1620.46), with significant differences (P< 0.05). The cost-effectiveness ratios (C/E) were 15.07 in the CS Ⅱ group, and 16.34 in the MDI group, with no significant difference (P>0.05). In order to further reduce the cost of CS Ⅱ group as a reference, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (△C/ △E)ofthe MDI group was 129.20. Conclusion Costs-effective of the CS Ⅱ program was better than the MDI one in treating the newly hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that CS Ⅱ program might be a better choice for hospitals to carry on an intensive insulin therapy program.
9.Comparison of once daily and twice daily administration of glimepiride with same total dosage in type 2 diabetes
Long-Yi ZENG ; Pan-Wei MU ; Guo-Chao ZHANG ; Yan-Ming CHEN ; Hai-Xia XU ; Jing-Yi FU ; Man-Man WANG ; Bo-Quan JIANG ;
Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2001;0(05):-
A total of 126 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized into two groups:one received glimepiride 1 mg twice daily and the other 2 mg once daily.Fasing blood glucose(BG),BG 2 h after meals(breakfast,lunch and dinner)and HbA_(IC)were tested,△and standard deviation of the 4 point BG were calculated.It was found that two kinds of administration of glimepiride were equally effective in decreasing BG and once daily aministration could ease better the fluctuation of BG.