OBJECTIVETo study the alteration and significance of IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in MM progression and the interaction between the three cytokines.

METHODSBone marrow samples from 28 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) (evolution group and steady group), 10 iron deficiency anemia (as normal control) and 2 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) were studied. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were established from the bone marrow MNCs. ELISA was performed to detect the concentration of IL-6, VEGF, IGF-1 in culture supernates.

RESULTS(1) The levels of IL-6 and VEGF secreted by BMSCs were increased in an order from normal control to steady group to evolution group (P < 0.05). However, the concentration of IGF-1 did not increase in MM patients (P > 0.05). (2) The levels of IL-6, VEGF and IGF-1 in the coculture supernates of U266 and BMSCs were increased significantly (P < 0.05), being in an ascending order from normal control to steady group to evolution group (P < 0.05). (3) BMSCs stimulated by exogenous IL-6, VEGF or IGF-1, secreted more VEGF, IGF-1/IL-6, IGF-1/VEGF, IL-6 than unstimulated (P < 0.05). (4) The levels of IL-6, VEGF, IGF-1 secreted by BMSCs from MGUS were similar to that from control group.

CONCLUSIONSIL-6, VEGF, IGF-1 levels associate with evolution of MM; IL-6, VEGF and IGF-1 induce an increase in cytokines secretion of BMSCs.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; blood ; pathology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; pathology ; Paraproteinemias ; blood ; pathology ; Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood

Objective To observe the changes of brain neurotransmitters in patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS) with encephalofluc-tuogram technology (ET). Methods From August, 2015 to December, 2016, 30 patients with VVS were selected as case group, 30 controls matched with sex and age were selected from the outpatients without syncope. They were detected the function of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), acetylcholine (Ach), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) with ET. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the values of GABA, Glu, 5-HT, Ach and DA (t<1.680, P>0.05), while the values of NE was higher in the case group than in the control group (t=-3.552, P<0.001). Conclusion VVS may be related to the high level of activity of NE in the brain.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of reconstructing horizontal periodontal bone defects by tissue engineering based on bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)as seed cells and enamel matrix proteins(EMPs)as growth factors. Methods Two healthy rhesus monkeys were selected, and BMSCs were isolated from iliac marrow and serial subcultivation was conducted. The cells of induced BMSCs at passage 3 were harvested and mixed with Bio-oss collagen. The models of horizontal periodontal bone defects were established surgically in each buccal side of the posterior teeth, and were divided into four groups (blank control group, material group, cells/material group and cells/material/EMPs group). The histological and Micro-CT observation were carried out 8 weeks later. Results In the blank control group, the defects were filled with fibrous connective tissue. There was newly-formed alveolar bone in the material group. In the cells/material group, periodontal regeneration could be observed, while the newly-formed cementum was irregular and less in quantity. In the cells/material/EMPs group, the amount of newly-formed alveolar bone was larger, and the newly-formed cementum was continuous and regular. Conclusion The tissue engineering technique of BMSCs as seed cells in combination with EMPs induction can significantly promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue.

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-myeloma activity of interleukin-2 activated bone marrow (ABM).

METHODSBone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) from multiple myeloma and iron-deficiency anemia patients were cultured in the presence of rIL-2. The anti-myeloma activity of ABM against U266 cells, cells expressing surface CD45, CD38, CD138, the levels of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma in ABM culture supernatant were measured with MTT method, flow cytometry and ELISA method respectively after bone marrow was activated with rIL-2 for 24 and 72 hours.

RESULTSThe tumor-killing activities against U266 cells of ABM were significantly increased compared with that of non-activated bone marrow (NBM) at 72 hours [(69.70 +/- 26.57)% vs (43.20 +/- 12.39)%, P < 0.05] and 24 hours [(34.25 +/- 11.93)% vs (26.53 +/- 5.48)%]. The CD45(-)CD38(+)CD138(+) cells of ABM from myeloma group at 72 hours were decreased from (8.46 +/- 3.66)% to (4.79 +/- 1.56)% (P < 0.05). TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma were detectable after cultured for 24 hours in both normal control group and myeloma group and went higher at 72 hours. The level of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma were significantly increased in ABM compared with that in NBM (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, there was a positive relationship between the level of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and cytotoxicity of ABM from normal control group at 24 hours and 72 hours (P < 0.05), and was a negative relationship between TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma levels and the CD45(-)CD38(+)CD138(+) cells in myeloma group at 72 hours (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNormal BMMNCs activated with rIL-2 have tumor-killing activities against U266 cells. Myeloma cells and tumor burden were decreased in myeloma bone marrow after the marrow was activated with rIL-2. Production of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma from bone marrow cells including T cells, monocyte-macrophages and NK cells activated with rIL-2 might be involved in anti-myeloma activity of ABM.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; biosynthesis ; Interleukin-2 ; immunology ; pharmacology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; immunology ; pathology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; biosynthesis

Adult ; Cytokines ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Lymphoma ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; Th1 Cells ; Th2 Cells

OBJECTIVETo compare the treatment outcomes, complications and histopathologic features between conventional parotidectomy and functional regional parotidectomy in the treatment for pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland and to provide clinical, and pathological evidence for determining the safe surgical margin.

METHODSOf 109 patients, 60 patients received conventional parotidectomy and 49 patients received functional regional parotidectomy. The rates of tumor recurrence and complications were compared between the groups of patients.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in the incidence of tumor recurrence, the facial paralysis and sialosyrinx between two groups. The rates of Frey's syndrome, numbness of auricular region, and facial asymmetry were 30.0%, 61.7%, and 38.3% in the patients with conventional parotidectomy respectively, while the rates were 6.1%, 30.6%, and 8.2% in the patients with functional regional parotidectomy, with significant statistically difference, respectively (P < 0.05). Of 109 patients, 33 with incomplete capsule, 29 with capsule penetration, 25 with pseudopodia, and 13 with satellite nodules. There was no significant difference in the depth of tumor infiltration between two groups of patients. For the tumor smaller than 2 cm, the depth of infiltration in conventional group was from 0.061 to 1.122 mm, functional group was from 0.442 to 3.127 mm (Z = -1.093, P = 0.057); for the tumors between 2 - 4 cm, the depth in conventional group was from 0.081 to 7.908 mm, functional group was from 0.082 to 6.632 mm (Z = -0.214, P = 0.831); for the tumor larger than 4 cm, the depth of infiltration was from 0.340 to 8.476 mm.

CONCLUSIONSCompared with conventional parotidectomy, functional regional parotidectomy has good outcomes and less complications. The surgical margins of pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid gland should be determined by the size of tumor. The 1 cm-surgical margins are safe for the tumors less than 4 cm, and the tumors more than 4 cm should be treated with superficial parotidectomy.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; pathology ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Parotid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide on multiple myeloma (MM) cell gene expression and explore the molecular mechanism of arsenic trioxide therapy for MM.

METHODSU266 cells were divided into two groups, group A as control group and group B as test group. Cells were cultured for 48 hours, and total RNA and mRNA were extracted. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSHs) was performed to distinguish the differentially expressed genes. The products were cloned into pGEM-T Easy Vector, and transfected into the competent host JM109 to construct two subtractive libraries. Positive colonies were selected by blue-white screening, and the plasmids were extracted. Homologous comparison was conducted in GenBank.

RESULTSFive downregulated clones were isolated in the first SSH: (1) Aminopeptidase N, (2) Homosapiens tumor translationally-controlled protein 1, (3) Human ATP synthetase A chain, (4) Signal recognition particle A10, (5) Mitochondrial ATP synthetase/ATPase subunit 6. Four upregulated clones were isolated in the second SSH: (1) Calcium-binding protein A10, (2) Keratin 6A, (3) 45 kD MIP repetitive element containing splicing factor and (4) poly(A)-binding protein.

CONCLUSIONSArsenic trioxide exerts proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction on MM cells by regulating genes expression.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Gene Library ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; pathology ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Transformation, Bacterial

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disabling disease usually caused by trauma. The treatment and nursing of SCI patients has brought great economic burden to the society. This article introduced the mechanism of riluzole in treating spinal cord in-jury, including blocking Na+channels, reducing glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, promoting the expression of neuro-trophic factors, and alleviating cellular oxidative stress damage and apoptosis, and the research progress on clinical trials of riluzole.

Objective:To investigate the application value of 'N' shaped Trocar placement in Da Vinci robotic bariatric and metabolic surgery.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 69 patients who underwent Da Vinci robotic bariatric and metabolic surgery in the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University from March to October 2020 were collected. There were 18 males and 51 females, aged from 12 to 67 years, with a median age of 34 years. The surgery was performed with the 'N' shaped Trocar placement by the same team of surgeons. The Da Vinci robotic sleeve gastrectomy, Da Vinci robotic single-anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy or Da Vinci robotic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch was selected according to the patient's condition. Observation indicators: (1) surgical and post-operative conditions; (2) follow-up. Follow-up using the outpatient examination, telephone interview and WeChat to detect the body weight, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, Trocar-related complications of patients at postoperative 3 months. The follow-up was up to November 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison of general data before and after surgery was analyzed using the paired t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Surgical and postoperative conditions: of the 69 patients, 34 cases received Da Vinci robotic sleeve gastrectomy, 34 cases received Da Vinci robotic single-anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy, and 1 case received Da Vinci robotic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch. There was no conversion to open surgery or laparoscopic surgery. The operation time of 69 patients was (161±52)minutes, and the volume of intraoperative blood loss was 30 mL(range, 10-100 mL). Two of 69 patients had post-operative complications. One of them with postoperative abdominal hemorrhage was cured after symptomatic treatment and discharged on the 10th day after surgery. The other one patient with postoperative peritoneal effusion was cured and discharged from hospital after puncture drainage and symptomatic treatment. No Trocar-related complication such as Trocar foramen bleeding and Trocar foramen hernia occurred in the 69 patients. The duration of postoperative hospital stay of 69 patients was (6±3)days. (2) Follow-up: 47 of 69 patients were followed up for 3 months. The body mass, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and total cholesterol were (86±19)kg, (30±5)kg/m 2, (5.2±0.7)mmol/L, 5.3%±0.6%, (4.3±1.3)mmol/L at postoperative 3 months, which had significant differences compared with the preoperative indicators ( t=6.101, 8.261, 2.973, 2.567, 2.098, P<0.05). All the 47 patients had no Trocar-related complications during the follow-up. Conclusion:The 'N' shaped Trocar placement method is safe and feasible in the Da Vinci robotic bariatric and metabolic surgery, with good efficacy.

Objective:To analyze the current status of body composition and development patterns of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Guangzhou.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study involving 8 169 school students from 3 elementary schools and 3 middle schools in Guangzhou from March to December 2019.The fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were measured by the bioelectrical impedance analysis.The fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) were calculated via the height standardization. T test was used to compare quantitative variables between groups.The growth pattern of body composition was described using the Hattori chart. Results:A total of 4 431 boys (54.24%) and 3 738 girls (45.76%) were involved in this study.FFM and FM both increased with age between boys and girls.Except for boys aged 11 years, FFM in boys were significantly higher than that in girls with the same age (all P<0.05). In the age of 7-10 years, FM in boys were significantly higher than that in girls with the same age, while it was significantly higher in girls aged 12 years and older than that of boys at the same age (all P<0.05). The Hattori chart showed that the difference in body composition between genders occurred after 11 years old.In contrast to girls, increases in the weight and body mass index (BMI) in boys were mainly attributed to the FFM development. Conclusions:The development of FFM and FM in children and adolescents varies with age, accompanied with the gender-specific features.FFM in boys is higher than that of girls at the same age.The weight gain in boys is mainly attributed to the development of fat-free tissues, and thus the utility of BMI may lead to the overestimation of obesity.