Objective To study the angiogenesis-inhibitory mechanism of Kang’ai Fangyi Tablets ( KFT) , a Chinese compound recipe with the action of inhibiting cancer metastasis, for 4T1 breast cancer. Methods BALB/c mice were divided into blank control group, model group, Cytoxan ( CTX, 0.04 g·kg-1·d-1) group, and KFT ( 5.2 g·kg-1·d-1) group. Mice model of 4T1 breast cancer was established. Except that the blank control group and model group were given the saline, the mice in the medication groups were given the corresponding medicine. After medication for 4 weeks, the mice were executed, and then we calculated the mass of tumor, the inhibition rate of tumor mass, and the number of lung metastatic nodules. The number of microvessel and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by immunohistochemical method. Results Compared with the model group, mice tumor mass was decreased ( P<0.05) , the number of pulmonary metastatic nodules was reduced ( P<0.05) , and the number of tumor microvessel and VEGF expression in the isolated tumor mass showed the decreasing trend in KFT group. Conclusion KFT can inhibit 4T1 breast cancer growth and metastasis by reducing the tumor microvessel formation and by affecting the expression of VEGF.

BACKGROUND: Mobilizing autologous or extraneous bone marrow-derived liver stem cells may promote liver regeneration, however, its safety before the large scale clinical application needs further evaluation.OBJECTIVE: Bone marrow-derived liver stem cells (BDLSCs) were induced by culturing the rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells in the medium containing 5% cholestatic sera, and then were implanted into nude mice to observe the tumorigenicity. METHODS: Rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) were isolated and incubated in the medium containing 5% cholestatic sera. Immunofluorescent stain was used to detect the expression of albumin, alpha-fetoprotein and cytokeratin18 by the cultured cells. Glycogen and urea synthesis by these cells were analyzed, respectively. BDLSCs following 14 days of culture were incubated in the skin of nude mice to observe neoplasia in local site. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Rat BMSCs survived in the medium containing 5% cholestatic serum and formed into small colonies on the fourth day after culture. Seven days later, the colonies expanded and there appeared some polygonal cells in the peripheral area. About 14 days later, these polygonal cells were confluent and presented the shape of cobblestone. Immunofluorescent stain showed that these cells expressed cytokeratin18, albumin and alpha-fetoprotein. Staining for glycogen displayed that glycogen granules were seen in cells. From 12 to15 days after culture, urea nitrogen concentrations in the medium were gradually increased. Rat BDLSCs were incubated in the skin of nude mice. Thirty days later, no neoplasia was found in the local site, and the tissue structure was normal. This result indicated that rat BDLSCs induced with the medium containing 5% cholestatic serum might have not tumorigenicity.

The nutritive value of different heat processed textured soybean proteins was measured by means of chemical and biologic methods. The experiment was divided into four groups (10 rats, each): (1) High heat treated textured soybean protein group; (2) Low heat treated textured soybean protein group; (3) Casein group; (4) Protein free group. The former three groups contained 10% protein, the latter contained less than 0.56% protein. The preperations were fed to 4 groups of weanling male rats for 4 weeks. The results showed that the body weight increments in the three groups were 146.4,158.1,188.7g; the protein effeciency ratio (PER) 2.17, 2.23, 2.74; the net protein ratio (NPR) 3.52, 3.51, 3.84; the true digestibility 84.5, 83.4, 95.8; the biological value 68.7, 64.6, 68.9 and net protein utilization 58.1, 54.0, and 66.1 respectively.Those results indicated that there was no significant difference between the high and low heat treated textured soybean protein.

Aim To investigate the NIH3T3/STAT3CA cell proliferation ability and the STAT3 transcriptional activity affected by PTPMeg2 . Methods MTT assay and xenograft nude mice model were used to investigate the NIH3 T3/STAT3 CA cell proliferation inhibited by PTPMeg2 in vitro and in vivo. Co-immunoprecipitation assay was used to measure the interaction between PT-PMeg2 and STAT3CA. STAT3 transcriptional activity was measured by dual-luciferase assay. Results The NIH3 T3/STAT3 CA cell proliferation ability was signifi-cantly inhibited by PTPMeg2 in vitro and in vivo com-pared with the control group ( P <0.05 ) . The tran-scriptional activity was increased by PTPMeg2 , but not the PTPMeg2 mutant (PTPMeg2C515S) and the ShPT-PMeg2 . Conclusion PTPMeg2 plays a role in inhibi-ting the proliferation ability of NIH3 T3/STAT3 CA cells through inhibiting the STAT3 transcriptional activity.

BACKGROUND:There remains controversy that whether patel ar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty and whether patel ar chondromalacia has influence on clinical outcomes.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate anterior knee pain, clinical function and effects of patel ar chondromalacia on clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty without patel ar resurfacing for degenerative osteoarthritis.
METHODS:Clinical data of 162 patients (162 knees) with degenerative osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty without patel ar resurfacing from June 2008 to February 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Outerbridge classification was used for patel ar chondromalacia, Visual Analogue Scale for anterior knee pain, and the Knee Society clinical scoring system for clinical function.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The incision of al patients reached stage-I healing. The patel ar chondromalacia:grade I in 18 patients, grade II in 36 patients, grade III in 62 patients, and grade IV in 35 patients. At the final fol ow-up, there were six (4.0%) patients with anterior knee pain, including four cases of mild pain and two cases of moderate pain, no severe pain. The mean Knee Society clinical scoring system scores and patel ar score were obviously elevated. Outerbridge classification did not affect the incidence of anterior knee pain after replacement (χ2=0.42, P=0.94), the Knee Society clinical scoring system score (knee score:F=1.83, P=0.14;functional score:F=0.56, P=0.64) and partel ar score (F=0.78, P=0.51). These data suggested that total knee arthroplasty without patel ar resurfacing for degenerative osteoarthritis can obtain satisfactory clinical outcomes, and the patel ar chondromalacia may not affect the clinical outcomes.

Combunung wuth fluorescence excutatuon-emussuon matrux ( EEM ) spectra and parallel factor analysus, suze exclusuon chromatography ( SEC ) equupped wuth multu-excutatuon/emussuon scan model fluorescence detector was used for the analysus of the composutuon of dussolved organuc matter ( DOM) usolated from landfull leachates wuth dufferent ages. The analytucal results showed that the two leachate-deruved DOMs both comprused proteun- and humuc-luke substances. However, there were four kunds of proteun-luke matter un young landfull leachates, u. e. , proteun wuth hugh molecular weught, proteun-luke matter bound to humuc-luke substances wuth hugh or low molecular weught, and peptude/amuno acuds. Whule there were only two kunds of proteun-luke matter un old landfull leachates, u. e. , proteun wuth hugh molecular weught and proteun-luke matter bound to humuc-luke substances wuth hugh molecule weught. Compared wuth SEC, EEM spectra coupled wuth parallel factor analysus could udentufy the proteun-luke matter bound wuth humuc-luke substances or those presented as non-humuc-luke substances, though ut could not udentufy the proteun-luke matter presented as proteun and that presented as peptude/ amuno acuds. The experumental results demonstrated that EEM spectra coupled wuth PARAFAC analysus and SEC could be used to characteruze proteun- and humuc-luke matter presented as dufferent specues.

Objective To determine the incidence of lung infection and associated factors in patients with traumatic brain injury for the sake of improving the clinical outcomes.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on records of 325 patients who hospitalized between January 2014 and June 2014.There were 198 male and 127 female patients,aged 11-78 years [(38.4 ±8.3) years].A total of 172 patients were injured in traffic accidents,80 in high falls,56 in blow accidents,and 17 in others.Lung infection status was documented and related risk factors were analyzed.Results Thirty-two patients (9.8％) had lung infection.Pseudomonas aeruginosa amounting to 12 strains was the most common pathogenic bacteria.Univariate analysis showed mechanical ventilation,airway open,and aspiration were significantly related to lung infection.Logistic regression identified aspiration (OR =2.891,P ＜ 0.05) and mechanical ventilation (OR =1.323,P ＜ 0.05) as the independent risk factors for lung infection.Conclusions Lung infection is a serious complication of traumatic brain injury,affected largely by aspiration and mechanical ventilation.Active preventions,reductions of risk factors,and early treatments should be done to get the best efficacy.

BACKGROUND:Over-expression of serum interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 may be involved in tourniquet-induced limb ischemia-reperfusion injury to the lung ventilation function. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the tourniquet effect on serum interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels of the rat limb within the safety time limit. METHODS: Sixty rats were randomly divided into control and experimental groups, 30 rats in each group. Rats in the control group had no ischemic preconditioning and were directly subjected to stop bleeding for 2, 3, 4 hours; rats in the experimental group were subjected to ischemic preconditioning (short-time hemostasis for several times within 1 day before ischemia-reperfusion injury), and then underwent 2-, 3-, 4-hour hemostasis at the 2nd day. At 1, 3, 7, 14 days after the recovery of limb blood flow, blood samples were extracted to detect serum interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels using ELISA method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The levels of interleukin-6 interleukin-8 showed an increasing and decreasing trend in the two groups, which both reached the peak at the 3rd day (P< 0.05). The levels of interleukin-6 in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 1, 3, 7, 14 days (P < 0.05), and only at 7 days, the level of interleukin-6 in the rats undergoing 3-hour hemostasis was significantly lower than that in the control group (P< 0.05). At 7 days, the level of interleukin-8 in the rats undergoing 3-hour hemostasis was lower than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), and at 3, 7, 14 days, the level of interleukin-8 in the rats undergoing 4-hour hemostasis was significantly higher than that in the control group (P< 0.05). At 1 and 3 days, the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in the experimental group had an increasing trend with the bleeding time and ranked as folows: 2-hour hemostasis < 3-hour hemostasis < 4-hour hemostasis, and there was a significant difference; while in the control group, there was also an increasing trend in the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, but there was no statistical difference. These findings indicate that the tourniquet preconditioning treatment is preferred at 3 days after limb ischemia-reperfusion injury, when the inflammatory response was the most obvious in rats, and this treatment can dramaticaly reduce inflammatory response. Additionaly, the inflammatory become more obvious with the bleeding time.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on mononuclear cells in peripheral blood and changes of serum vitamin D level in children with bronchiolitis.Methods The children who were diagnosed as bronchiolitis and received treatment in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from October 2013 to January 2014 were chosen as the pre-treatment group,and then divided them into moderate group and severe group according to the clinical symptoms,20 cases for each group.Then the cases in pre-treatment group who recovered after treatment were recruited as the after-treatment group,and the children who were healthy and medical examination in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University in the same period were recruited as the healthy control group.The expressions of TLR4 on CD14 labeled mononuclear cells in the periphera were measured by flow cytometry.The level of 25 (OH) D in serum was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results (1) The expression level in children with bronchiolitis of TLR4:the mode-rate group [(18.98 ±2.29)％] and severe group [(30.13 ±2.13)％] increased significantly (P ＜0.05) compared with control group [(1.17 ± 0.57) ％].And the expression level of moderate group [(2.02 ± 0.48) ％] and severe group [(11.43 ± 1.52) ％] decreased significantly after treatment (P ＜0.05).(2) Serum vitamin D level in children with bronchiolitis of the moderate group[(17.16 ± 3.34) μg/L] and severe group [(6.56 ± 2.28) μg/L] were lower than healthy control group [(53.69 ± 20.18) μg/L] before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),especially the severe group [(6.56 ±2.28) μg/L].The level of moderate group [(9.59 ± 2.31) μg/L] and severe group [(4.70 ± 0.67) μg/L] became lower after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).(3) Both severe group (r =-0.491,P ＜ 0.05) before treatment and moderate group (r =-0.436,P ＜ 0.05) after treatment showed negative correlation between TLR4 on mononuclear cells in peripheral blood and serum 25 (OH)D level in children with bronchiolitis.And no correlation was found among healthy control group,moderate group before treatment and severe group after treatment (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The conditions of children with bronchiolitis was positively correlated with the expression level of TLR4,and negatively correlated with the vitamin D level.The serum 25 (OH) D decreased steadily during the treatment.The expression of TLR4 in monocytes has a certain correlation with the level of vitamin D in children with bronchiolitis.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of ω-3 fatty acids in intervening rat models of chronic obstructive pulmonery disease (COPD).Methods The rat COPD models were established by cigarette smoking and intratracheal lipopolysaccharide instillation.Totally 90 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group (treated with normal saline),COPD group,and intervention group (the COPD rat models treated with ω-3 fatty acids).Lung tissues were obtained on the 7th,21st,and 28th day.The left lower lobes were analyzed to determine the expressions of nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)and the right lung lobes were sliced for detecting the cell apoptosis.Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was used to detect the serum IFN-γ and interleukin-6 (IL-6).Results (1) The pathological changes of lung tissue:there were a large number of inflammatory exudation,alveolar wall thickening,hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle and the alveolar structure destruction in the COPD model group,but the lung tissue were part of alveolar cavity and a little inflammatory exudate in ω-3 fatty fish acids treatment group,control rats were almost no alveolar inflammation on the 28th days.(2) On the 28th day,NF-κB protein expression of the lung tissue (18.91 ± 3.07) in rats of COPD model group was significantly higher than the control group and the intervention group (5.47 ±4.86 and 7.23 ±2.21) (P ＜0.01).On the 28th day,IFN-γ protein expression in lung tissue of the rats in the model group was 7.12 ±3.37,significantly lower than the intervention group (18.74 ± 2.65),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).(3) The IL-6 levels of the blood-serum of model group rats were (13.43 ± 2.47) ng/L,significantly higher than the control group and the intervention group [(4.78 ± 1.93) and (4.98 ± 1.89) ng/L],the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01) on the 28th day,,but the IFN-γ level [(2.23 ± 0.63) ng/L] in COPD group was more poorer than ω-3 fatty acids group and the intervention group [(4.51 ± 0.71) and (7.05 ± 0.52) ng/L] (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The ω-3 fatty acids can lower NF-κB protein expressions in lung tissues and serum and IL-6 levels in COPD rats; aslo,it can increase the IFN-γ protein expression in lung tissue and serum.Thus,it can prevent the lung inflammation in COPD rats.