With the neonatal intensive care techniques developing,the survival rate of preterm infants has increased markedly.However,these survival preterm infants are extremely vulnerable to develop various diseases,of which brain injury is the most important cause of the disability in preterm infants.At present,encephalopathy of prematurity,the incidence of which is rarely reported in domestic and national reports,mainly refers to white matter injury (WMI).This article reviews the different domestic and national reports about the incidence of encephalopathy of prematurity.

In 1961,World Health Organization recommended that the concept of preterm birth is less than 37 weeks of gestation age newborn.The incidence of preterm birth has always been high and remains to be the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality,despite the rapid development of global medical science level for decades.Studies on causes and mechanisms of preterm birth have become a hot spot worldwide.This paper is a summary analysis about the domestic and foreign research on preterm labor.The factors are divided into 5 broad,including categoriesmaternal factors,pregnancy factors,fetal factors,external factors and genetic factors,in order to popularize science of preterm birth and make for preterm birth prevention and clinical study.

3cm than in the patients with the largerest dominant diameter≤3cm.Embolization with combination of PLE and GSP had improved the percentage of reduc- tion in myomas volume.Conclusion The factors affecting results include tumor size and location,using of GSP,and performing of bilateral embolization.

AIM: To investigate the effect of Guishen Capsule(Radix Angelicae Sinesis,Radix et Rhizoma Salivae Miltiorrhizae,etc) on mastoplasia and T-lymphocyte subsets of spleen in rats. METHODS: The model of mastoplasia was induced by benzoate estradiol intraperitoneal injection in SD female rats.The model rats were treated with low,middle and high dosages of Guishen Capsule,respectively.All rats were killed after 30 days,the tissue of second pair of mammary glands were observed.At the same time,the spleens were taken out for preparing single cells suspension.The ratio of CD~+_3,CD~+_4,CD~+_8,CD~+_4/CD~+_8 of splenic T-lymphocytes were determined by flow cytometry(FCM). RESULTS: Compared with normal group,the growth of weight was slow in model group,and its breast was swollen,and proliferation was obvious in mammary gland tissue,the ratio of CD~+_3,CD~+_4,CD~+_4/CD~+_8 reduced significantly in model group. Guishen Capsule could inhibit the breast swelling and mammary gland hyperplasia.It also could increase ratio CD~+_3,CD~+_4,CD~+_4/CD~+_8 of splenic T-lymphocytes remarkably. CONCLUSION: Guishen Capsule can inhibit mammary gland hyperplasia.It also has the function of immunologic enhancement and cellular immune regulation.

0.97).The method of Real-time PCR and molecular beacon detection for bifodobacteria has many advantages,such as being sensitive,specific,simple and fast,and this method can be used in situ detection of bifidobacteria quantitatively.

Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia) ; genetics ; Enteral Nutrition ; adverse effects ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Multivariate Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Premature Birth ; Risk Factors ; Transfusion Reaction

BACKGROUND:Bone mass deficiency is common during implantation in the maxil ary posterior region. Some patients do not want to accept extra surgery for increasing bone because of surgical trauma or medical expenses. Technology of the tilted implant has been proposed, but it has not been recognized and has a lack of relevant evidence.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the stress distribution of per-implant bone which is subjected to different loading conditions when the different abutment angulations are applied, and to analyze the safety factor of different implants to verify the feasibility of the tilted implant in the maxil ary posterior region.
METHODS:The finite element models of the different angulate abutments were established in commercial software packages. The safety factor of implant in the same power load was observed, and stress and strain condition of the implant and the surrounding bone was also observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With the increased abutment angulation, the maximum strain of pre-implant bone was significantly increased, and the safety factor of implant decreased gradual y. Thus, the tilted implant is not recommended in the maxil ary posterior region.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Prognosis

C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is referred to disease which is out of control of complement activation,degradation and deposition,then leads to predominant C3 deposition in glomerular and glomerular injury.The study found that C3b amplification in the circulation and/or glomerular basement membrane were the key factors that cause immune disorders.Combined with clinical and experimental research,this paper mainly discusses the pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,and treatment of the disease.

[Objective]To explore the feasibility and safety of percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP) and percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) treating osteolytic lesions of high thoracic vertebra with metastasis by one side extrapedicular approach,and to assess the clinical result of minimally invasive technique. [Methods]In March 2008,one patient(male,59 years old) with T1~3 vertebral metastases of lung cancer diagnozed 8 months ago was selected.The symptoms included extremely severe pain in upper thoracic spine and left should.The analgesic effect was limited for more than 6 months.There was no operative option.Domestic PKP and PVP tool systems were used in local anaesthesia.Under fluoroscopic guidance,T2 and T3 vertebral augmentation were separately completed by single side extrapedicular approach PKP and PVP.Clinical results were followed up and observed.[Results]The procedure was performed smoothly.T3 and T2 vertebrae were differently treated by PKP and PVP.T1 received no treatment because of patient`s intolerance.The operative time of T3 vertebral PKP was 57 minutes.The volume of injected bone cement was 1.9ml.The operative time of T2 vertebral PVP was 49 minutes.The volume of injected bone cement was 1.5ml.Extravertebral leakage of the polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) into the paravertebral itssue was found without clinical symptom,because osteolysis occurred in the left pedicle of T2 vertebra.There was no other complication.The patient was discharged 5 days after operation.The preoperative,2 days and 3 months postoperative follow-up VAS scores were 10,3 and 6.The patient's markedly pain could be controlled by analgesia.[Conclusion]One side approach percutaneous kyphoplasty is a safe and effective technique for treatment of high thoracic vertebral metastasis with markedly relief of pain.