Neovascularization is the main cause of the vision loss of the patients sufferring from proliferative diabetic retinopathy,retinopathy of prematurity and age-related macular degeneration.It is proved that collagen and elastin in the extracellular matrix contribute to the choroidal and retinal neovascularization in vitro and in vivo.Among the extracellular matrix-related adhesion molecules,integrin α5β1 could enhance the cell adhesion and hyperplasy,while its inhibitors could restrain the choroidal and retinal neovascularization in vivo,so are the inhibitors of the integrin α V β3 and α V β5.Selectins and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mainly affect the neovascularization as the medium between the endothelial cells and the leucocytes.It is demonstrated that the extracellular matrix degradationrelated serine proteinases (mainly urokinase-type plasminogen activator ) /matrix metalloproteinases (mainly MMP-2 and MMP-9)also could induce the choroidal and retinal neovascularization in vitro and in vivo.Furthermore,type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase could prevent that and the further study of the extracellular matrix-related molecules would bring out new insights and methods for the precaution and treatement of the ocular neovascularization.

·Corneal neovascularization ( CNV) is one of the most important causes that affecting corneal transparency, and it is a high risk factor of allogeneic corneal graft rejection. lt has become a research focus for the regulation of CNV. microRNAs are a class of endogenous non-protein-coding micromolecule RNAs which play a critical role in regulating a series of life process.Researches in recent years show a close correlation between microRNA and CNV.ln this article we reviewed the recent advances in these researches.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; drug therapy ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; antagonists & inhibitors

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of stroke in young patients with cardiac myxoma.Methods Medical records of young patients (aged between 18-44 years) diagnosed with cardiac myxoma in Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2005 to March 2016 were retrospective reviewed.Results A total of 117 cases were included (85 female and 32 male)with the average age (36 ±7)years old.Most myxomas (83.8％) were located in the left atrium,7.7％ were in the right atrium,3.5％ were in the both atriums,2.6％ were in the left ventricle,and a few were in the left atrium plus left ventricle and in the right ventricle.Of all the patients,24 (20.5％) (16 women and 8 men) were complicated with cerebral infarction.Among them,3 patients were with lower extremity arterial embolisms.Two patients were with cerebral hemorrhage.The cerebral infarction mainly involved in the distribution area of the internal carotid artery.Infarctions involving 2 or more cerebral vessels were found in 4 cases.Most subjects (58.3％) manifested with hemiplegia,and some (18.2％) with syncope.The proportion of the left atrial myxoma in patients with cerebral infarction (100.0％) was significantly higher than those in patients without cerebral infarction (85.1％,P =0.044).Subjects with tumor diameter less than 3 cm were more frequently complicated with cerebral infarction (37.5％ vs 13.8％,P =0.009).A logistic analysis showed that the odds ratio of myxoma with tumor diameter less than 3 cm for cerebral infarction was 3.750 (95％ CI 1.343-10.470).Conclusions Cardiac myxoma is more common in young women,and often complicated with cerebral infarction.The infarctions are mainly distributed in internal carotid artery system,and some are involved in multiple vascular systems.The incidence of stroke is associated with the position of the myxoma.Smail-size myxoma cannot be ignored for its risk of stroke.

A case of localized scleroderma associated with mandibular osteomyelitis is reported.The formation mechanism of the case is a-nalysised according to clinical characteristics and literature data.

AIM:To determine the optimal extraction of effective component from Swertia chirayita(Roxb.ex Flemi) Karsten in Tibet. METHODS: HPLC method was used to determine the yield rate and mango glucoside content,the preference extract methods,extraction solvents and extraction method of Swertia chirayita(Roxb.ex Flemi) Karsten were chose by parallel comparative method. RESULTS: 75% ethanol was used to extract medicine materials by Percolate,the flow rate was 4 mL/min/kg,collecting 6 times liquor after percolate. CONCLUSION: The extraction method is simple and convenient,furthermore the extract stability is good too.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate preoperative application of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in reducing transfusion requirements in elderly patients undergoing elective surgery for femoral intertrochanteric fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to December 2013,442 cases of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were retrospectively reviewed. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 119 cases were eventually included and divided into the treatment group and the control group. There were 12 males and 40 females, with a mean age (71.4 ± 12.8) years old, and the patients received preoperative administration of rHuEPO 10,000 U qod combined with iron dextran 200 mg (3 times each day). While 16 males and 51 females in control group, with a mean age (70.9 ± 16.2) years old, and the patients only received preoperative administration of iron dextran 200 mg (3 times each day). All the patients received closed reduction and PFNA-II or Internal fixation surgeries. The perioperative blood transfusion rate, average amount of blood transfusion, postoperative complications, the length of hospital stay and mortality within 30 days were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThere were no statistical differences between two groups in the baseline indexes (P > 0.05). Overall,71 of 119 patients (59.7%) received at least one unit allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT). However,there were significant differences in perioperative ABT rates (48.1% vs 68.7%, χ2 = 4.77, P < 0.05) and the average amount of blood transfusion between treatment group and control group, which were (1.8 ± 0.4) U/pte vs (3.6 ± 1.1) U/pte (t = 2.244, P < 0.05). Postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) on postoperative days 7 and 30 was higher in treatment group than that in control group. In addition, in treatment group, Hb levels were higher on postoperative day 30 than those on admission, which were (128.2 ± 20.6) g/L vs (118.2 ± 18.9) g/L (t = 2.133, P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences in postoperative complications, the length of hospital stay and mortality within 30 days.

CONCLUSIONFor elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures undergoing elective surgery, preoperative application of rHuEPO can significantly reduce perioperative transfusion requirements, and is likely to reduce ABT-related infection, but its long-term safety remains to be evaluated.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Transfusion ; Case-Control Studies ; Erythropoietin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; blood ; surgery ; therapy ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Hip Fractures ; blood ; surgery ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Preoperative Care ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of hypoxia on the human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells two pore domain potassium channels TASK-1 and the regulation of non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src in this process.

METHODSThe cultured human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) were divided into: normal group, hypoxia 30 minute group, hypoxia 6 hours group and hypoxia 48 hour group, and hypoxia 48 hour + PP2 group, hypoxia 48 hour + PP3 group, hypoxia 48 hour + bpV group. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle, RT-PCR and Western blot technique were carried out to detect the expression changes of TASK-1 mRNA and protein in different groups.

RESULTS(1) Cell Cycle Show: Compared with normal control group, with prolonged hypoxia, the percentages of hPASMCs in S phases of cell cycle were increased. While compared with hypoxia 48 hour group, the percentages of hypoxia 48 hour + PP2 group hPASMCs in S phases of cell cycle were decreased. The expression of TASK-1 mRNA on hPASMCs in acute hypoxia 6 hour group was increased, while the expression of TASK-1 protein on hPASMCs in the acute and chronic hypoxia group was decreased, and the expression of TASK-1 mRNA on hPASMCs in the chronic hypoxia group was decreased; After pre-incubation of a potent and selective inhibitor of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases PP2, the expression of TASK-1 mRNA and protein in hypoxia 48 hour group was increased, however after pre-incubation of the inhibitor of the Src family of protein tyrosine phosphatase bpV, the expression of TASK-1 protein in hypoxia 48 hour group was decreased.

CONCLUSIONHypoxia promotes human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation, and non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src may participate in the expression of two pore domain potassium channels TASK-1 regulated by hypoxia. Therefore, we hypothesized that TASK-1 channels and c-Src participatein the acute and chronic hypoxic human pulmonary vasoconstriction.

Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism ; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Artery ; cytology ; RNA, Messenger ; Vasoconstriction ; src-Family Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To exclude false positivities in detection of IgM antibodies against hepatitis E vires of genotype 4 (HEV-4) using a truncated immunodominant polypeptide of HEV open reading frames (ORF2). Methods The recombinant ORF2 immunodominant polypeptide corresponding to amino acids (AA) 459-607 and a truncated polypeptide corresponding to AA 472-607 were separately applied to coat ELISA plates. Anti-HEV IgM from 35 serum samples with HEV RNA positive, 69 serum samples from healthy individuals and 117 clinically suspicious HEV RNA positive serum samples was detected by an indirect ELISA and was confirmed by western blot in protein level and RT-PCR detecting in RNA level. Results Western blot analysis showed that the sera from HEV patients reacted with the dimmer of peptide 459-607, but they didn't react with the monomer and peptide 472-607. The ELISA showed that all 35 serum HEV RNA positive samples reacted with peptide 459-607 but not with peptide 472-607 and none of the 69 serum samples from healthy individuals reacted with either polypeptide. Among 117 chnically suspicious HEV RNA serum samples, 5 samples reacted simultaneously with both polypeptides. But the difference between 450 nm absorbance (A450) value was less than 0. 5. Western blot analysis demonstrated that all the 5 serum samples were anti-HEV IgM- negative. The 5 serum samples was detected negative by RT-PCR, indicating that the false pesitivities were caused by non-specific absorption. Conclusions ORF2 peptide 459-607 may be used to detect anti-HEV lgM efficiently. The false positivities caused by non-specific absorption can be largely excluded according to the difference between 45Ohm absorbance (A450) value when serum reacts with both polypeptides.