Objective:To examine the effect of cyclosporine A(CsA) on the differentiation of Th17 cells from splenocytes after stimulation with anti-CD3 mAb+IL-23.Methods:Total splenocytes were cultured with anti-CD3 mAb alone or anti-CD3 mAb plus IL-23 in the presence or absence of different concentrations of CsA.After stimulation,production of IL-17 and IFN-? was assayed by ELISA.The subsets of IL-17-producting T cells were examined at single-cell level by flow cytometry.Results:The splenocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb alone could induce low level of IL-17 production and addition of IL-23 could promote high level of IL-17 in a dose-dependent manner.CsA inhibited the differentiantion of Th17 cells from splenocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb+IL-23 in a dose-dependent manner.Kinetic studies indicated that CsA also inhibited the differentiantion of Th17 cells from activated T cells stimulated by anti-CD3 mAb+IL-23 for 48 hours.In addition,CsA inhibited production of IFN-? and IL-2.The analysis of subsets of T cells demonstrated that CD4+T cells but not CD8+T cells produced IL-17.Conclusion:CsA can inhibit Th17 cell differentiation.This observation shed a new light on the potential mechanisms for the immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory functions of CsA and provideds a theoretical and experimental foundation for clinical application.

Objective To know the pollution of microcystin(MC) in Yanghe reservoir during the period of water blooms in the summer of 2007 and to find the variation characteristics about the pollution.Methods The microcystin concentration was determined by ELISA Kit.A 49 consecutive days monitoring was conducted during Jul.-Aug.,2007.Results The concentration of MC in Yanghe reservoir ranged from 0.13 ?g/L to 0.93 ?g/L,and its average level was(0.26 ?0.13)?g/L.As well as,the concentration of MC in Yanghe reservoir descended fluctuant.Conclusion Water in Yanghe reservoir was polluted by MC.All monitoring results of MC concentration during seven weeks(49 days) did not exceed the limit value of microcystin toxin,1 ?g/L for MC-LR,the grade two water ruled in China Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water.The basic data for changing regularity of MC studied in the present paper will be useful for the warning of alga pollution.

Inthe past few years, the study on gene therapy has achieved significant progress. However, many issues concerning ethics, safety and techniques inadequacy still exist in gene therapy and need to be solved. This article gives a brief introduction about the history, progress and presently existing problems of gene therapy. Meanwhile, it has put forward the counter measures for solving the existing problems.

Objective:To compare expansion and kill activation of A-NK cells cultured with serum-free medium AIMV and standard serum-containing medium in vitro, and also detest the assist effect of EL-12 on A-NK/IL-2 treatment and the morphology character of killed cells through electroscope.Methods:Proliferation ability of the cells cultured in the two different media was compared by MTT method in vitro. The morphology of the killed tumor target cells by adherent natural killer cells (A-NK) was observed through electroscope. Results:All of A-NK cells cultured in deferent condition could rapidly proliferate(P

BACKGROUND: Acellular dermalmatrix (ADM), as a new material, is generally applied to tissue repair after head and neck tumorectomy. However, hypopharyngeal carcinoma surgery always involves in repair and functional reconstruction of defected tissue; therefore, the application effect of ADM needs to be further studied for repairing laryngopharynx defect. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect of ADM in repairing laryngopharynx defect following tumorectomy. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis was performed at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Battle Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from May 2005 to June 2006.PATICIPANTS: A total of 25 male cases aged 45-68 years including 22 patients with tumor in the lateral wall of the unilateral piriform fossa and 3 patients with in the posterior wall of laryngopharynxat were finally diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: According to clinical stages, patients underwent partial or complete laryngopharyngectomy. ADM was used to repair oropharynx mucosa following the laryngopharyngectomy. However, ADM alone was used to repair piece-shaped oropharynx mucosa, limiting by being unable to complete reconstruction of spatial structure. Therefore, myocutaneous flap or other materials combined with ADM was beneficial for reconstruction of laryngopharyngeal cavity following complete laryngopharyngectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effect of ADM on functional reconstruction of swallowing, breathing, and pronouncing. RESULTS: A total of 25 patients were included in the final analysis. No patients suffered with the pharyngeal fistula. Only one case encountered the subcutaneous infection at day 20 after surgery, but recovering after regular change of dressing and treatment of antibiotics. About 15 patients who accepted the surgery of partial laryngopharyngectomy suffered with bucking, but after 30-60 days, the symptom relieved, even disappeared, in spite of 3 cases still bucking when they swallowed liquid diet. Breathing function was recovered, and tracheal cannula was removed 6-12 months after surgery. Ten of them who accepted total laryngopharyngectomy had resumption of normal oral diet after 20 days. The follow-up periods after the surgery lasted 12-30 months. The allograft became normal mucosa finally, without rejection or scar formation. The follow-up of 10 patients lasted more than 24 months, one case had relapse of tumor, still alive after the second surgery. CONCLUSION: ADM with perfect histocompatibility and easy operability, can be applied to repair deletion of laryngeal or pharyngeal tissue and recover functions of pronouncing, breathing, and swallowing after tumorectomy. The combined use of ADM and musculo-cutaneous flap was effective and satisfactory.

Objective To investigate the cellular immune state and pathological mechanism of HBV chronic infection by analyzing the cytokines produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of asymptomatic HBV carriers.Methods PBMCs were prepared from diagnosed chronic asymptomatic HBV individuals and cultured in the presence of different antigens and antibodies.The levels of IFN-?,IL-12,TNF-?,TGF-? and IL-10 in the culture supernatants were respectively detected by ELISA.Results The levels of IFN-?,IL-12 were significantly lower than in the counterparts from healthy controls;meanwhile,those of TGF-? and IL-10 were elevated markedly.Neutralization of TGF-? and IL-10 simultaneously restore the IFN-? production from PBMCs of HBV carriers,and exogenous IL-12 in low dose combined with specific HBV antigens promoted IFN-? production.Conclusion Reduction of IL-12 from PBMCs may be the fundamental reason of viral persistence in HBV chronic carriers,combined IL-12 and specific HBV antigen promoted the celluar immunity of PBMCs from HBV carriers.

Objective To evaluate the role of several traditional laboratory examinations in identifying the cause of WBC count increase,which might be the adverse reaction of glucocorticoid or infection.Methods 74 patients treated in the hospital from Jan. 2011 to Dec.2012 were recruited in the study.Glucocorticoid without Infection(n =15 ),Infection without Glucocorticoid(n =29) and Infection with Glucocorticoid(n=30)Group were devided according to the type of disease and therapies.After being treated for 0,3,7 d,respectively venous blood samples of patients were collected to determine the concentration of CRP,WBC count,leukocyte classification and NAP score.CRP was used as the Judgment index for the degree of infection,the changes of other indexes were compared.Results Compared with the Infection without Glucocorticoid Group,the CRP concentration of the Infection with Glu-cocorcoid Group was becoming lower(P >0.05).The Non-infection with Glucocorticoid Group applied glucocorticoid for 3 days and 7 days respectively,the count of neutrophilic granulocyte and NAP score increased significantly compared with that before glucocor-ticoid application(P <0.01)while the count of lymphocyte reduced(P <0.05)and no significant change in the count of eosnophils (P >0.05).Conclusion The increase of WBC after glucocorticoid can not be identified whether it is the adverse reaction of glu-cocorticoid or aggravated infection by using classification of leukocyte,the increasing amount of WBC and NAP score.

Objective To distinguish the increase of white blood cells after glucocorticoid is the adverse reaction of glucocor‐ticoid or infection aggravated .If we can analyse it properly ,the abuse of antimicrobials and waste of medical could be avoid re‐source .Methods 74 patients which were in our hospital from 2011 .1 to 2012 .12 were recruited into this study .They were divided into three groups ,including non‐infection with glucocorticoid(n=15) ,infection without glucocorticoid(n=29) and infection with glucocorticoid(n=30) according to disease and therapies .After being treated 0 day ,3 days ,7 days ,venous blood of patients were collected to detect white blood count ,CRP and morphology of leukocyte .Results The group of non‐infection with glucocorticoid applied glucocorticoid after 3 days and 7days ,WBC was increased significantly(P<0 .01 ,respectively) .And compare with the group of infection without glucocorticoid ,more band neutrophils could be seen in peripheral blood smear of the other two(P< 0 .05) . While there was no difference on level of CRP between the groups of infection without glucocorticoid and infection with glucocorti‐coid(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Glucocorticoid rise the count of WBC in peripheral blood especially the neutrophil .We can evaluate in‐fectious status by the level of CRP and the count of band neutrophils in peripheral blood smear .

Objective To study the clinical application value of aspirator and electrocautery in dissecting Calot′s triangle in laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods All patients underwent LC were divided into group A and group B according the detaching way in the operation.The Calot′s triangle were detached by electrocautery as group A and by aspirator as group B.Operative time,hemorrhage and complication between two groups were compared.Results The mean operative time was(28.5?7.6) minutes in group A and(21.1?4.3) minutes in group B.The mean hemorrhage was(13.9?(4.7)) ml in group A and(8.8?2.5) ml in group B.The complication of bile duct injury occurred in 2 cases in group A.No complication was found during or after surgery in group B.All patients were cured.Conclusion Aspirator and electrocautery are both suitable for skeletonizing the cystic duct and cystic artery in LC.

Medical postgraduates are the new force of scientific research groups in China. However, the limitation of their English language ability restricts their publication of high-level Science Citation Index (SCI) papers to a large extent. Measures to improve students’ SCI language ability from macro, intermediate and micro aspects were discussed through flipped classroom teaching mode, such as students’ reading papers before class, students’ practicing paper writing after class, and teacher’s making comments in class. The feedback from the questionnaire showed that 96.65% of the students were satisfied with the teaching mode and 93.57% of them had improved their confidence in SCI writing. For the problems mentioned in the feedback, it was suggested that colleges and universities should formulate policies to encourage teachers to engage in medical English teaching, meanwhile teachers should constantly improve their professional quality, so as to help students improve their SCI language ability rapidly.