Objective To investigate the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome and relative risk factors in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Chongqing city .Methods Totally 1 680 questionnaires from women with perimenopausal syndrome , all the objects were patients who visited gynecology clinic from January 2013 to June 2014 in Chongqing .Results The average men‐arche age was (14 .71 ± 1 .95) years old ;average menopause age was (47 .22 ± 3 .13) years old in 1 680 perimenopausal women . 93 .51% (1 571/1 680) objects were diagnosed perimenopausal syndrome ,mainly presented to be forgetfulness ,sleep disorder ,irrita‐bility ,palpitation ,headache ,hot flashes ,sweating ,loss of libido ,orgasmic dysfunction ,dyspareunia ,colpoxerosis ,bone ,joint and muscle pain ,paraesthesia of skin ,depression .The risk factors were analyzed ,forgetfulness(P < 0 .01) ,sleep disorder(P < 0 .01) , menopause(P< 0 .01) ,normal sex or not(P< 0 .05) ,the attitude of sex(P< 0 .05) ,and the attitude of menopause(P< 0 .05) .Con‐clusion Most women in the period of perimenopausal have the problem with perimenopausal syndrome .The special service should be provided to perimenopausal women ,such as knowledge about perimenopausal and rational hormone replacement therapy .

Streptomyces S24 has broad spectrum against Aspergillus spp. in food and feed, such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Asperegillus alutacells. The objective of this study was to improve the production of antifungal substances produced by S24 and to test their inhibitory effects on Aspergillus flavus. By using one-factor-at-a-time experiment and orthogonal design method, we optimized the fermentation medium. The composition of an optimized medium for the production of antifungal substances contained (g/L): starch soluble, 10; Glucose, 40; yeast extract, 8; soybean powder, 24; KH2PO4 4; and CaCO3 0.8. As a result, the productivity of antifungal substances could reach to 10 235.45 microg/mL, and this value was 2.81 times higher than that of initial medium before optimization. Additionally, inhibitory effects of the products on Aspergillus flavus were analyzed. Antagonistic tests indicated that the antifungal substances greatly inhibited mycelium growth and spores germination of Aspergillus flavus. We observed through microscope that the mycelia grew abnormally, such as contorting, bulging, vacuole increasing and the cytoplasmic contents inside effusing and the spores appeared unusual, such as gathering, deforming, cytoplasmic contents inside effusing and fracturing.
Adsorption ; Antifungal Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Aspergillus flavus ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Aspergillus niger ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Streptomyces ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism

Recently, a novel atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) in pig was reported. In this study, two APPV strains, APPV-China/GZ01/2016 (GZ01) and APPV-China/GD-SD/2016 (GD-SD), were identified in two newborn piglet herds with congenital tremor from China. The open reading frame of the two strains shared an 83.5% nucleotide identity. Phylogenetically, the APPV strains were placed into two groups: GZ01 belonged to group I and GD-SD belonged to group II. A high viral load was detected in the cerebellum (quantification cycles < 26). Further studies should be carried out to thoroughly elucidate the development of congenital tremors caused by APPV.
Cerebellum ; China ; Genome ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Open Reading Frames ; Pestivirus ; Tremor ; Viral Load