OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from 6 hospitals in Beijing,and study the difference in resistance rate of isolates from different hospitals. METHODS In this study,145 cases with S.maltophilia infection were analyzed and their susceptibility was tested.The synergetic screening test was applied to detect metallo-?-lactamases. RESULTS Most of 145 strains were isolated from sputum(86.2%),mainly from ICU(48.3%),and department of respiratory medicine(22.1%).The drug sensitivity tests in vitro showed these strains were resistant to commonly used antibiotics,and drugs whose sensitive rate was over 50% included doxycycline,gatifloxacin,cefoperazone-sulbactam,levofloxacin,compound sulfamethoxazole,ceftazidime-clavulanate and ticarcillin-clavulanate.The antimicrobial resistance of strains isolated from different wards showed some difference.Of all the infected patients,56.7% had underlying diseases;92.2%were treated previously with broad-spectum antibiotics;76.8% underwent invasive examination or treatment. CONCLUSIONS S.maltophilia is resistant to many kinds of antibiotics.The infection caused by S.maltophilia often occurs in patients with severe underlying disease and low immunity.Antibiotics should by chosen by drug sensitivity tests.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the curative effect and bacterial clearance of meropenemagaint infections.METHODS To analyze 2732 cases with infection from more than 170 hospitals after meropenem.RESULTS The effectiveness ratio on various infections of blood,lungs treatmeot liver,gallbladder,and pancreas systems and on infections after transplantabions was 80.3%,87.1%,63.6% and 73.3%,respectively;the total clinical effectiveness ratio was 83.5%.The bacterial clearance ratio in various infections of blood,lungs liver,gallbladder,and pancreas systems and in infections after transplantations was 33.5%,66.2%,65.5% and 66.7%,respectively;the total bacterial clearance ratio was 52.7%.CONCLUSIONS Meropenem is effective against infection in clinical patients.The total clinical effectiveness ratio is 83.5%.The total bacterial clearance ratio is 52.7%.

To analyze drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with mechanical ventilation, drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with tracheal incision was increased, compared with tracheal cannula. The drug resistance to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, meziocillin, ticarcillin was significantly increased( P

10 years. Pulmonary functions were determined routinely and followed for 10 years. Results Comparison between the values of pulmonary functions at the beginning and end of a 10- year follow-up showed very significant difference in the groups of Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ. Among the parameters examined, FEV_1, PEF, MMEF, and MVV showed significant increase in these 3 groups (P

To study changes of lung function for 10 years in the elder patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) who have quitted smoking for more than 10 years, 45 elder patients with COPD who had quitted smoking for more than 10 years were selected, and 11 elder patients with COPD who had never smoked were enrolled too. Routine lung function tests were performed. Initial values of VC, FVC, FEV 1 , PEF, MMEF, and MVV were compared with those 10 years later, and it was found the difference was significant ( P

To investigate the changes of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA (iNOSmRNA) in pulmonary tissues of tail suspended rats during simulated weightlessness, experiments on 40 Spragno Dawley male rats were conducted. The rats were divided into 4 groups:suspended for 7d, and its control, suspended for 21d, and its control tail suspension(-30 ) was used as weightlessness simulation.The condition of iNOSmRNA in pulmonary tissues was examined by hybridization in situ.The results showed that the level of iNOSmRNA in pulmonary tissues of 7d tail suspended rats increased significantly( P

To investigate the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA (VEGFmRNA) in pulmonary tissues of tail suspended rats during simulated weightlessness,the experiments were conducted on 40 Spragno Dawley male rats,divided into 4 groups:suspended for 7d,control of 7d and suspended for 21d,control of 21d.Tail suspension(-30?) was used as weightlessness simulation.The condition of VEGFmRNA in pulmonary tissues was examined by hybridization in situ. The results showed that the level of VEGFmRNA in pulmonary tissues of 7d tail suspended rats increased significantly( P

To investigate the changes of cell apoptosis genes in pulmonary tissue of tail suspended rats during simulated weightlessness, 40 Spragno Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups: suspended for 7d,control of 7d, suspended for 21d, and control of 21d.Tail suspension(-30?) was used as weightlessness simulation.The condition of bcl 2/bax in pulmonary tissues was detected by in situ hybridization. The results showed that the level of bcl 2 mRNA in pulmonary tissue of 7d tail suspended rats decreased significantly( P 0 05). The results also showed that the level of bax mRNA in pulmonary tissue of 7d tail suspended rats increased significantly( P 0 05).It can be concluded that there are certain changes of cell apoptosis genes in pulmonary tissue of 7d tail suspended rats during simulated weightlessness.

Objective To study the effects of simulated weightlessness on eNOS expression in the pulmonary artery in rat, and to investigate the mechanism of changed reactivity of pulmonary artery during simulated weightlessness. Methods The experiments were conducted in 16 male Wistar rats, and they were divided into 2 groups: suspension group and control group, 8 rats for each. Tail-suspension (-30?) was carried out for 14d to simulate weightlessness. eNOS protein expression and NO content in pulmonary artery were determined using Western blot analysis and nitrate enzyme-reduction method, respectively. Results Compared with control group, eNOS expression in the rat pulmonary artery increased significantly during simulated weigtlessness. The relative optical density as a result of scanning was 247?2.60, and that of the control was 141?1.72. There were significant differences between the two groups (P

Objective To study the effects of simulated gravity loss on nuclear factor Kappa-B expression in rats′ pulmonary tissue, and to investigate the mechanism of changes in NF-?B during simulated loss of gravity. Methods Tail-suspension(TS) was used as the method to simulate the physiological effects of weightlessness. 40 Wistar male rats Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control for 7 days (7d CON), 21d CON, TS for 7d (TS7d) and TS21d. The dynamic express of nuclear factor Kappa-B in lung tissue was respectively assessed using the immunohisochemical technique. Results Compared with control group, the expression level of NF-?B in the lung tissue of tail-suspension 7d rats was elevated significantly (P