BACKGROUND: Nickel-chromium ceramic alloy with well anti-causticity has been widely used in clinic; however, it should be paid much attention to the toxic and side effects of the released nickel and glucinium ions. Therefore, studies about modifying alloy component, enhancing physical and chemical performance, and improving biocompatibility are hot topics recently. OBJECTIVE: To measure the in vitro cytotoxicity of self-made nickel-chromium ceramic alloy comparing with nickel-chromium alloy and pure titanium metal. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A contrast observational experiment was performed at Central Laboratory of China Medical University from May to December 2006. MATERIALS: L-929 cells at logarithmic phase were used in this study. Self-made nickel-chromium ceramic alloy was provided by Metal Institute of Chinese Academy of Science, pure titanium was provided by Matsukaze Japan Co., Ltd., and nickel-chromium alloy was provided by Heraeus Kulzer Dental Co., Ltd. METHODS: L-929 cells were assigned into nickel-chromium ceramic alloy, pure titanium, nickel-chromium alloy, positive control, and negative control groups. The cells were cultured in 96-well culture plate. Every five wells were randomly selected from each group, and 12 wells were used for the duplication. Cell suspension (100 μL) at concentration of 1.0×108/L was added in each well. Leaching liquor (100 μL) was added in self-made nickel-chromium ceramic alloy, pure titanium alloy, and nickel-chromium alloy groups, respectively, lead leaching liquor (100 μL) was added in positive control group to make the final concentration at 50%, and RPMI 1640 culture solution (100 μL) was added in the negative control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Absorbance was measured at day 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 using MTT colorimetric assay to calculate relative growth rate. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in absorbance between three metal groups and negative control group (P > 0.05), but there were significant differences in absorbance between three metal groups and positive control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Cell growth rate was > 100% and cytotoxicity was grade 0 in the pure titanium group; while, cell growth rate ranged from 86.36% to 99.49% and cytotoxicity was grade 1 in both self-made nickel-chromium ceramic alloy and nickel-chromium alloy groups. At day 3 after culture, cytotoxicity was grade 2 in the positive control group. CONCLUSION: Self-made nickel-chromium ceramic alloy has a little cytotoxicity and requires for the clinical application.

Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) is a class B infectious disease, which is prevented and controlled according to class A infectious diseases. Recently, children′s NCP cases have gradually increased, and children′s fever outpatient department has become the first strategic pass to stop the epidemic. Strengthening the management of the fever diagnosis process is very important for early detection of suspected children, early isolation, early treatment and prevention of cross-infection. This article proposes prevention and control strategies for fever diagnosis, optimizes processes, prevents cross-infection, health protection and disinfection of medical staff, based on the relevant diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control programs of the National Health and Health Commission and on the diagnosis and treatment experience of experts in various provinces and cities. The present guidance summarizes current strategies on pre-diagnosis; triage, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in common fever, suspected and confirmed children, which provide practical suggestions on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.