Myelin-associated inhibitory factor is a major obstacle for axonal regeneration in the central nervous system, and Nogo-A is an important inhibiting factor synthesized by oligoden-drocytes. Toe expression levels of Nogo-A changed significantly in a model of ischemic cere-brovascular disease; the therapeutic measures aiming at Nogo-A and its downstream pathway can effectively enhance axonal regeneration, improve the plasticity of neural structure, and promote functional recovery. This provides a reliable theoretical basis for the development of therapeutic mode in human cerebrovascular diseases.

BACKGROUND:Bronchial asthma is considered general y to have an association with Th2 immune response disease, but there is no ideal treatment. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s as a kind of adult stem cel s not only have the multipotent differentiation and proliferation capacity, but also have low immunogenicity and immunoregulation ability. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of culture supernatant of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on lung inflammation of bronchial asthma mice. METHODS:Twenty experimental mice were randomly divided into control and experimental groups, 10 mice in each group. At 0 and 14 days, intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin induced sensitization in mice, and at 24-26 days, aerosolized ovalbumin solution was used for excitation. From the 24th day, in the experimental group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel supernatant was intraperitoneal y injected at 2 hours before excitation;meanwhile, normal saline was injected in the control group. At the last of excitation, the mice were sacrificed under anesthesia to take serum samples, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissues. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Mice in the control group appeared to have abnormal lung tissue structure, and there were a large amount of eosinophils and monocytes in the submucosa and muscularis. However, lung inflammation was relieved in the experimental group after bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel treatment. (2) The levels of interleukin-17 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum were significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05), but there was no difference in the levels of interleukin-4 between the two groups (P>0.05). These findings indicate that the intraperitoneal injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can ease lung inflammation and reduce levels of inflammatory markers in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of bronchial asthma mice.

Objective To study the effect of poly- DL- lactic acid (PDLLA) absorbable membrane on preventing adhesion after repair of peripheral nerve injury. Methods 60 SD rats were divided into 2 groups randomly: the suturing+ PDLLA group (experimental group) and the purely suturing group (contrast group), with 30 rats in each group. Their sciatic nerves were cut off and then sutured microsurgically. In the experimental group, the anastomotic stoma was encapsulated with PDLLA membrane; in the contrast group, there was no such a treatment. We conducted gross observations and histological examinations at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after operation, neural electrophysiological examinations at 12 and 16 weeks after operation, and image analysis by computer at 16 weeks after operation. Results The scar proliferation and adhesion near the anastomotic stoma in the experimental group were less extensive than those in the contrast group; regenerative nerve fibers grew more straight and orderly manner. Electrophysiological examinations and image analyses by computer also showed that the experimental group achieved better results than the contrast group. Conclusion Poly- DL- lactic acid (PDLLA) absorbable membrane can prevent scar proliferation and adhesion after repair of peripheral nerve and promote nerve functional recovery effectively.

Objective To explore diagnosis of nonunion following intramedullary nailing of femoral and tibial fractures and the treatment of nonunion of femoral and tibial fractures with Less Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) or locking compression plate (LCP). Methods From February 2003 to December 2004, 7 cases of nonunion after intramedullary nailing of femoral and tibial fractures were diagnosed by X-ray or CT scanning or CT-3D. LISS or LCP fixation and bone grafting were employed to treat the 7 cases of nonunion in the femur and tibia. Their case histories ranged from 10 to 49 (mean 23.3) months. Results All the 7 patients were followed up for a mean of 9.1 (4 to 16) months. The bone union time for all the fractures averaged 4.7 months (ranging from 4 to 6 months). No loosening or breakage of the implants occurred in this series. Conclusions The operation should be done for the patients who feel pain in the lower extremities or the fracture line still exists at the fracture ends long time after intramedullary nailing. In order to improve the healing of bone fractures, micromovement and bone defects at the fracture site should be eliminated. Because of its merits in design, the LISS can be used to effectively treat nonunion at the distal femur or the proximal tibia.

Objective To investigate the effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction(BHD) and two kinds of fractions extracted from BHD on expression of caspase-1,caspase-3,and caspase-8 mRNA after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) in rats,via string ligation of arteria carotis interna.The expression of caspase-1,caspase-3,and caspase-8 mRNA in cerebral ischemic tissues was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The expression of caspase-1,caspase-3,and caspase8 mRNA in cerebral tissues was significantly increased after 22 h reperfusion following 2 h cerebral ischemia in model group(P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on mRNA expressions of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), cysteinyl-aspartate specific protease-1 (caspase-1), caspase-3 and caspase-8 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. METHODS: Focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats was induced by the method of nylon monofilament via the internal carotid artery. PNS was administered intraperitoneally respectively five minutes before cerebral ischemia and twelve hours after cerebral ischemia. After cerebral ischemia for two hours followed by reperfusion for twenty two hours, the mRNA expressions of IL-1 beta, IL-1RI, IL-1ra, ICAM-1, caspase-1, caspase-3 and caspase-8 in brain tissue were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS: After cerebral ischemia for two hours followed by reperfusion for twenty two hours, the mRNA expression levels of IL-1 beta, IL-1RI, IL-1ra, ICAM-1, caspase-1, caspase-3 and caspase-8 in brain tissue in the untreated group were obviously elevated as compared to those in the sham-operation group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of IL-1 beta, IL-1RI, IL-1ra in brain tissue in the PNS group were lower than those in the untreated group, but higher than those in the sham-operation group, and without statistical differences as compared to those in the sham-operation group and in the untreated group (P>0.05). The mRNA expression level of caspase-3 in brain tissue in the PNS group was significantly lower than that in the untreated group (P<0.05), but PNS had no effect on the mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1, caspase-1 and caspase-8 in brain tissue. CONCLUSION: PNS can inhibit the mRNA expression of caspase-3, slightly inhibit the mRNA expressions of IL-1 beta and its correlative inflammatory factors in brain tissue. The protective effects of PNS on cerebral injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion may be related to inhibiting the mRNA expressions of caspase-3, IL-1 beta and its correlative inflammatory factors in brain tissue.

Objective To investigate the relationship between lower limb artherosclerosis and cardiac function in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods 441 cases of elderly patients were divided into four groups: the group with CHD (n=117), the group with DM(n=42), the group with DM compllicated with CHD( DM±CHD, n=132),the group without DM and CHD(NC,n=150). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), pulse pressure (PP), braehial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), ankle-brachial index(ABl) and toe-brachial index(TBI) were measured by the auto-survey artherosclerosis apparatus.Left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW), left atrium (LA), fractional shortening (FS), ejection fraction(EF) and EF slope were measured by the two-dimensional echocardiography. Results The baPWV was significantly higher in DM+CHD group than in DM group and NC group[(20125±354)cm/s vs (1849±467)cm/s, (1863±347) cm/s. P<0.05]. The ABI was significantly lower in DM±CHD group compared with NC, CHD and DM groups (0.91±0.23 vs 1.15±0.11,1.07±0.16 and 1.06±0.14. all P＜0.05). There were significant differences in TBI among four groups(all P<0.05) :NC group(0.905±0.15)>CHD group(0.805±0.16)>DM group(0.71±0.17)>DM+CHD group(0.625±0.17). The LA and the LVPW were significantly higher in DM+CHD group than in NC group(P<0.05). The FS and EF slopes were significantly lower in the DM+CHD group than in DM group (P<0.05) and NC group(P<0.05). The EF in DM+CHD group was significantly lower than that in other three groups (P<0.05). BaPWV showed a strong negative association with FS,EF and EF slope(r:-0.112,-0.151,-0.275. all P<0.05). ABI showed a strong positive association with FS,EF and EF slope(r:0.150,0.186,0.260. all P<0.01) ,TBI was found to have strong negative association with LA and LVPW ( r:-0.158,-0.171;all P<0.01) and have strong positive association with FS,EF and EF slope(r:0.163,0.197,0.243.all P<0.01). Conclusions The lower limb artherosclerosis is serious and cardiac function is significantly decreased in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with coronary heart disease. PWV,ABI and TBI are closely related with cardiac function and can reflect the state of cardiac function in some extent.

Purpose　The aim is to establish fermentation process of new type recombinant human necrosis factor (nrhTNF)α.Methods　The optimized host cell,culture medium and induction time were deternined according to the growth and expression specificity of nrhTNF on test tube and flask shaker. Then fed-batch culture was carried out on 5 L automatic fermentor.Results　The expression of nrhTNF in fermentor could keep in a higher level of about 50% of total bacterial proteins when fermented to around A600nm 30，with a fermentation time of 12 h to 13 h.Conclusion　A short cycle,high expression and stabilized fermentation process was established.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics between elderly and non-elderly patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in order to provide the base for diagnosis and management of the disease.Methods Two hundred and four patients with UC admitted to Shengjing Hospital from January 2009 to December 2011 were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into elderly group (≥60 years of age) and non-elderly group(＜ 60 years of age).The clinical manifestation,laboratory examination indices and endoscopic feature were recorded and analyzed.Results Among the 204 cases with UC,33 (16.2％,33/204) were elderly patients,and 171 (83.8％,171/204) were non-elderly patients.Onset peak of U C was ranged from 30-39 years old.There was no significant difference in terms of other indices of clinical presentations,extraintestinal manifestations,complications,clinical and endoscopic score between two groups.The rate of abdominal distension,constipation,difficult defecation,alteration of intestinal flora,hypokalemia and hypoproteinemia in elderly group were 36.4％,9.1％,6.1％,66.7％,45.5％,36.4％ respectively,higher than that in in nonelderly group (14.6％,1.2％,0.6％,48.0％,14.0％,20.5％ respectively),and there was significant differences between groups (x2 =8.808,7.260,5.724,3.876,17.660 and 3.942 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).Endoscopic examination revealed that the colonic lesion parts in elderly patients was limited in left-side colon and protosigmoid,which was different from that of no-elderly group (P =0.044).Conclusion The elderly patients showed a similar clinical manifestation with non-elderly patients.However,the colonic lesion parts in elder group was limited to left-side colon and protosigmoid.They also had the higher rate of hypoproteinemia,hypokalemia and alteration of intestinal flora,which needed to pay more attention.

0.05).Ticlopidine could inhibit thrombosis induced by ferric chloride,but it did not influence TXB_2 and 6-keto-PGF_1? content and activities of AT-Ⅲ and PC in the plasma.Ticlopidine could enhance activity of t-PA in the plasma.It may be related to the decrease of t-PA consumption by inhibiting thrombosis.Antithrombosis action of ticlopidine may not be concerned to inhibiting production of TXB_2 of platelet.LMWH could inhibit thrombosis also,but it did not influence TXB_2 and 6-ketoPGF_(1?) content in the plasma.LMWH could enhance activities of t-PA and t-PA/PAI-1 ratio,which may be related to the promoting release of t-PA in vascular endothelial cells.LMWH could reduce activity of AT-Ⅲ,which may be concerned with combination of LMWH and AT-Ⅲ result in AT-Ⅲ consumption.Conclusion Ferric chloride may induce occlusive thrombosis in rats.Thrombosis may be associated with activation of platelet and blood coagulation system,lower of anticoagulative protein and fibrinolytic activity.