Myelin-associated inhibitory factor is a major obstacle for axonal regeneration in the central nervous system, and Nogo-A is an important inhibiting factor synthesized by oligoden-drocytes. Toe expression levels of Nogo-A changed significantly in a model of ischemic cere-brovascular disease; the therapeutic measures aiming at Nogo-A and its downstream pathway can effectively enhance axonal regeneration, improve the plasticity of neural structure, and promote functional recovery. This provides a reliable theoretical basis for the development of therapeutic mode in human cerebrovascular diseases.

Patients of infraorbital nerve injury often appear in the sensory abnormalities of corresponding position, such as numbness or pain. We present a case with numbness of the left cheek because of the injury. The patient were treated by endoscopic assisted on the left infraorbital nerve decompression through the approach of the canine fossa. The symptom shows improvement after the operation. The patient feels numbness significantly ease on 4 months after the operation.
Decompression, Surgical ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Maxillary Nerve ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Paresthesia

Objective To investigate the effects of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) on the pathopoiesis mechanisms of paraquat poisoning in vitro.Methods Firstly,the survival rate of A549 cells (human type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells) was measured with cell counting kit-8 after exposure to paraquat.Afterwards,the concentration of mtDNA in supernant of culture medium for culturing A549 and the chauge of mitochondrial membrance potential were detected with absolute quantitative PCR and confocal laser microscopy,respectively.Then,The chemotactic activity of mtDNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and neutrophils (PMN) were detected by transwell chemotaxis,and the subtype of chemotactic cells was measured with flow cytometry.Meanwhile,the role of mtDNA in vascular permeability was measured by using Xcelligence system and in vitro using vascular permeability kits.Finally,the effects of mtDNA in cell proliferation were to verify.Results The 50％ of lethal concentration (LD50) of paraquat for A549 was 600 μmol/L.Cell viability and concentration of mtDNA following challenge of PQ revealed in a concentration-and time-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).The mtDNA had a power in aggregating PBMC nonspecifically,but there was no effect on the vascular permeability was found.Moreover,the proliferation of human fibroblasts was not stimulated directly by mtDNA,but TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-beta 1),a major pro-fibrotic factor,was increased compared to control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The mtDNA could play an important role in the inflammatory and proliferation responses to paraquat poisoning.

Hemorrhagictransformation(HT)referstointracerebralhemorrhageoccurredwhenthe blood vessels restore blood flow after acute ischemic stroke. It is one of the common complications of ischemic stroke. HT may not have any clinical manifestations and can also be manifested as limb paralysis aggravation, decreased consciousness level, and other symptoms. The symptomatic HT may result in prolonged hospitalization, increased disability and fatality. Therefore, research on the mechanisms and risk factors for HT may be expected to provide the basis for clinical treatment, and thus improve the prognosis of patients. This article review s the formation mechanism of HT, risk factors, screening of high-risk patients, and prevention and treatment.

Objective To observe the effect and significance of high-expression HOXB4 in controlling proliferation and cycle of human cartilage endplate stem cells (CESCs).Methods CESCs were divided into adenovirus-mediated HOXB4 delivery group (Group A),empty virus delivery group (Group B) and blank control group.Gene and protein expressions of HOXB4 in Group A were detected by PCR and Western blot respectively; cell proliferation among those groups were determined using cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) technique; cell cycle among those groups was measured by propidium iodide (PI) assay and flow cytometry.Results (1) Over-expressed HOXB4 virus was transferred to CESCs successfully; (2) Real-time quantitative PCR results showed 3.6 times higher expression of HOXB4 in Group A than in blank control group.Western blotting indicated HOXB4 protein in Group A was 3 times the level in control group; (3) HOXB4 promoted CESCs proliferation (P ＜ 0.05) and blocked the cells at phase S.Cells at phase S in Group A was increased from 29.27 to 30.28 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Over-expressed HOXB4 accelerates proliferation of CESCs and increases cell population at phase S,indicating that HOXB4 hindering CESCs degeneration may be an approach to treat lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion.

To explore the effects of plasma containing Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), a compound of traditional Chinese medicine, and its effective components (alkaloids and glycosides) and total Panax notoginseng saponins (TSPN) on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC) on aquaporin-9(AQP9) expression and brain edema around the hematoma in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Methods 128 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group,control group,ICH group and PDTC group.According to Rosenberg's methods,the models of experimental ICH were established.The rats in PDTC group were received PDTC intraperitoneally 2 h later.The brain weight column(BWC) at different time point was calculated by gray-wet method,and the expression of AQP9 was examined by immunohistochemistry.Results The BWC and expression of AQP9 in hematoma side of ICH begin to increase 4 h after ICH,peaked at 72 h,and decreased 120 h later.The BWC in opposite side of hematoma also increased 4 h after ICH and peaked at 72 h.Compared with control group,the BWC and expression of AQP9 in ICH group were higher,especially in hematoma side of brain(all(P

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of cinnamaldehyde in Guizhi fuling drop pills by RP - HPLC. METHODS:The determination was performed on Symmetry C_(18)(150 mm?4.6 mm,4?m) with the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile 0.1%phosphoric acid solution(21:79) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min~(-1).The detection wavelength was set at 284 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of cinnamaldehyde was 4～40?g?mL~(-1)(r =0.999 8) with an average recovery of 99.39% (RSD = 1.22,n = 9).CONCLUSION:The established method is simple,accurate,precise and applicable for the quality control of Guizhi fuling drop pills.

Objective To study the changes in protease and cytokines,and to evaluate the protective effect of ulinastatin on ischemia-reperfusion lung injury in rabbits.Methods Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups(n=10): control group,traumatic hemorrhagic shock group(shock group) and ulinastatin-treated group.Blood samples were taken at four time points: pre-shock,post-shock,as well as 2h and 4h after blood volume repleshment.The serum levels of TNF-? and IL-8 were measured.4h after blood volume repleshment,the rabbits were sacrificed.The activity of myeloperoxidase(MPO) in lung tissue and neutrophil elastase(NE) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were determined.Results In control group,the serum concentrations of TNF-? and IL-8 showed no obvious changes during the experiment.While in shock group and ulinastatin-treated group,the serum concentrations of TNF-? and IL-8 increased significantly in the duration of experiment compared with the values before shock(P