ObjectiveTo invest the situation and to improve the education on biosafety among medical graduate students.MethodsTaking the medical graduate students of Sun Yat-sen University enrolled in fall 2008 as investigators,we implemented investigation on biosafety by a self-designed biosafety awareness questionnaires.The investigation included four fields,the legislation and institution on biosafety,the laboratory operating rules and regulations,the consciousness of protection and the emergency response skill on biosafety.ResultsWe got the present situations of the medical graduate students on biosafety which showed that it was urgent for students to strengthen the biosafety training and education.ConclusionWe tried to provide reference for establishing the educational system on laboratory biosafety based the Sun Yat-sen University's practice.

Objective To analyze the result of late course accelerated hyperfractionation (LCAFR) and three dimensional conformal radiotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy (LCAFR+C)on stage Ⅲ esophageal carcinoma. Methods Ninety-eight patients with stage Ⅲ esophageal carcinoma were divided randomly into two groups:1. LCAFR group: patients were treated with conventional fractionated radiotherapy during the first two-thirds of the treatment to a dose of 40?Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks, then followed by LCAFR with reduced fields using three dimensional conformal radiotherapy to a dose of 15-24?Gy over 7-12 days, 1.5Gy per fraction, to the total dose of 55-64?Gy in 30～36 fractions over 35-40 days. 2. LCAFR+C group:The radiotherapy schedule was the same as the LCAFR group,but with concurrent chemotherapy of DDP 20?mg d1-5, LF 200?mg and 5-Fu 500?mg d 6-10 , 28 days in one cycle to totally 5 cycles. Results The 1-, 2-, and 3-year actuarial survival rates were 73%, 53%, 35% and 76%, 73%, 55% respectively (? 2=4.12,P

Objective To study the in vitro anti-tumor activity of dendritic cells (DCs) loading with antigen produced by radiofrequency ablation of tumor lysate in situ combined with cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK).Methods CIK ceils derived from BALB/C mouse spleen and DCs derived from bone marrow were prepared,and experimental model of murine colon carcinoma were established for radiofrequency ablation.The supernatant of tumor tissue in situ lysis after repeated freezing and thawing were tested by lowry protein quantitative statutory,amounting to a final concentration of 5 μg/ml,then load to the first 5 days of culture DCs (Ag-DC),2 days later,co-cultured with CIK cells after the first seven days of culture 48 h (Ag-DC-CIK).Flow cytometry was used to analyze costimulatory molecules on the surface of the cells,and CCK-8 assay to detect in vitro cytotoxic activity.Results The DCs loading with antigen resulted in an increase in the proportion of CD86 + CD11 c +,MHC Ⅱ + CD11 c + and MHC Ⅱ + CD80 + cells.The main effector cells of CIK cells were CD3 + NK1.1 + cells.The percentage of CD3 + NK1.1 + cells was 1.45％ on the first day of the culture ; while when they had been cultured for 7 days,the percentage CD3 + NK1.1 + significantly increased to 36.9％.The cytotoxicity of Ag-DC-CIK cells toward C26 cells was much more efficient than that of DC-CIK,CIK cells.The cytotoxic activity of the former was significantly lower than the latter and the same target ratio.When the ratios of effector cells to target cells were 5 ∶ 1,the cytotoxic activity of Ag-DC-CIK cells against C26 cells was (74.9 ± 3.5) ％,; while the DC-CIK was (71.2 ± 2.1) ％ and the CIK cells was (68.7 ± 2.9) ％.The difference was statistically significant(F =7.007,P =0.007).When the ratios of effector cells to target cells were 10 ∶ 1,the cytotoxic activity of Ag-DC-CIK cells against C26 cells was (82.3 ± 4.5) ％,while the DC-CIK cells was (77.1 ± 5.1) ％,and the CIK cells was (72.7 ± 2.8) ％.The difference was statistically significant (F =7.727,P =0.005).When the ratios of effector cells to target cells were 20 ∶ 1,the cytotoxic activity of Ag-DC-CIK cells against C26 cells was (83.2 ± 1.9) ％,while the DC-CIK cells was (77.2 ± 4.2) ％,and the CIK cells was (73.0 ± 2.6) ％.The difference was statistically significant (F =16.594,P =0.000).Conclusion DCs loading with antigen produced by radiofrequency ablation of tumor in situ pyrolysis products can improve in vitro cytotoxic activity combined with CIK cells,which can provide a new comprehensive cancer treatment strategy.

Aim To explore micro RNAs-integrated pathogenic signaling to control endothelial-mesenchy-mal transition ( EndMT ) in pulmonary hypertension ( PH) by a network bioinformatic approach. Methods Literature-mining method was used to find PH-relat-ed genes and EndMT/EMT-related miRNAs. Bioinfor-matic prediction approach ( DIANA3 , Miranda4 , PicT-ar5 , TargetScan6 , miRDB7 and microT-CDS8 ) was used for miRNA target prediction. Hypergeometric a-nalysis was used to predict miRNAs related to EndMT in PH. The analysis of interactions between PH-rele-vant genes( PH network) was performed with the use of Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets ( BioGRID ) . These miRNAs were ranked with the highest probability of substantial overlap among their gene targets in the PH-network, the relationship be-tween their targets and the PH functional categories which include hypoxia, inflammation, and transforming growth factor/BMP signaling. Then, the part of results was validated by animal experiment. Lastly the miR-NA-Target network was built using Cytocape 3 . Results List of 230 genes was compiled that were directly im-plicated in the development of PH and 189 miRNAs were related to EndMT in PH. Among 189 miRNAs, only 22 microRNAs(miR-let-7 family, miR-124, miR-130 family, miR-135, miR-144, miR-149, miR-155, miR-16-1, miR-17, miR-181 family, miR-182, miR-200 family, miR-204, miR-205, miR-21, miR-224, miR-27, miR-29 family, miR-301a, miR-31, miR-361 and miR-375) were related to hypoxia, inflamma-tion, and transforming growth factor/BMP signaling. Among these miRNAs, the levels of let-7g, miR-21, miR-124 and miR-130 family were significantly changed in the pulmonary artery in hypoxia-induced PH rats. Conclusions Among numerous miRNAs,22 of which may be involved in hypoxia, inflammation, and transforming growth factor/BMP signaling and re-lated to EndMT in PH by network bioinformatic ap-proach, which provides a theoretical basis for further investigation of EndMT in PH.

Objective: To evaluate the intervention effects of peer support education mode for type 2 diabetes control in rural residents. Methods: A random cluster sampling method has been used, including 300 rural residents aged above 18 years old from three villages (184 in control group, 116 in intervention group), in order to proceed the physical check-up and health education programs. Unchanged rate, transfer rate of patients, rate of impaired glucose tolerance, turn normal rate and other biochemical indicators of patients and people with impaired glucose tolerance from control group and intervention group were analyzed, to evaluate the intervention effects of peer support education mode. Results: The glycemic control rate of intervention group for patients and people with impaired glucose tolerance (72.2% and 71.4%) were higher than control group (43.6% and 26.7%), but the unchanged rate of intervention group (13.9% and 0.0%) were lower than control group (42.3% and 73.3%). Patients with diabetes or glucose intolerance in the education group improved significantly in waist-to-hip ratio, uric acid, total cholesterol and HDL-C. Glycemic hemoglobin level also improved significantly in diabetes patients of the education group. Conclusion: Peer support for education intervention seemed beneficial for diabetic control. The combination of education and effect evaluation was important in the evaluation of diabetes prevention and control. Peer support education also benefited the blood glucose control in general population.
Adolescent ; Blood Glucose/analysis* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy* ; Glucose Intolerance ; Health Education ; Humans ; Patient Education as Topic/methods* ; Peer Group ; Rural Population ; Self-Help Groups

OBJECTIVETo investigate the molecular and functional changes in L-type Ca2+ channel of hypertrophied cardiomyocytes in neonatal rats induced by angiotensin II (Ang II).

METHODSThe in vitro model of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was established in cultured cardiomyocytes from neonatal rats. Whole cell patch clamp was used to measure the L-type Ca2+ currents. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of L-type Ca2+ channel alpha1C subunits.

RESULTSIn the hypertrophied cardiomyocytes induced by Ang II, I(Ca, L) densities were increased, whereas the features of I(Ca,L) activation, inactivation or recovery from inactivation were not affected. Meanwhile, Ang II increased the mRNA expression of L-type Ca2+ channel alpha1C subunits in cardiomyocytes. All these actions of Ang II could be blocked by the angiotensin II 1 type receptor blocker losartan.

CONCLUSIONDuring cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by Ang II, there are significant changes in the molecule and function of L-type Ca2+ channels, which are mediated by the angiotensin II 1 type receptor.

Angiotensin II ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; metabolism ; Female ; Hypertrophy ; metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anatomical influence of the hypertrophic inferior turbinate on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of unilateral hypertrophic inferior turbinate nasal cavity, and to analyze the bilateral detailed nasal airflow simulations under both inspiratory and expiratory phases in CFD model. METHOD: One male volunteer troubled with unilateral hypertrophic inferior turbinate accepted CT scan. CFD model was built by CT scans through Simplant 10.0 and ANSYS ICEM. Fluent 6.3.26 simulated the airflow of both nasal cavity in breathing rates 200 ml/s. RESULT: 1) In infraturbinal region, the cross-section area (CSA) of the nasal cavity with hypertrophic inferior turbinate was smaller than that in healthy side and the average area difference between two sides was 1.62 cm2. 2) In both inspiration and expiration phases, the hypertrophic infraturbinal produced a markable reduction in intranasal pressures drop along the full length of the infraturbinal region. The volumetric flow rate in the hypertrophic infraturbinal side was 50 ml/s, which equalled to one third of that in healthy side; Mean air speed in the anterior valve region was estimated to be 0.57 m/s at hypertrophic infraturbinal side and 1.83 m/s at healthy side during inspiration; More vortices happened in the hypertrophic infraturbinal side. CONCLUSION The unilateral hypertrophic infraturbinal change the normal anatomy and influence the aerodynamic of nasal cavity, which is harmful to the functions of human nasal in ventilation, temperature accommodation and olfactory sensation.
Adult ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Hydrodynamics ; Hypertrophy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Models, Anatomic ; Nasal Cavity ; physiology ; physiopathology ; Nasal Obstruction ; physiopathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Turbinates ; physiology ; physiopathology

Recurrence of acute clinical symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease often leads to increase of unplanned readmission rate,thus the disease burden of patients and the shortage of medical resources are aggravated.This article reviews the summary in unplanned readmissions of inflammatory bowel disease pa-tients,influencing factors and risk prediction models aiming at providing a basis to early identify the risk of unplanned readmissions,formulate the nursing decision as early as possible and reduce the medical burden.

OBJECTIVETo compare the detection effect of Legionella pollution in spring water by three methods, namely traditional plating method, fluorescent quantitation PCR method and ethidium monoazide (EMA) fluorescent quantitation PCR method.

METHODSEvery month (except May), we collected 11 water samples from the 5 selected hot spring pools in one hot spring resort in Beijing in 2011. A total of 121 water samples were collected, and then were detected by the above three methods qualitatively and quantitatively.

RESULTSIn our study, the Legionella pollution rate was separately 74.4% (90/121), 100.0% (121/121) and 100.0% (121/121) by the above three methods. The quantitative value of Legionella in the 121 water samples detected by the three methods were around 0.10-216.00 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml, 1.47-1557.75 gene units (GU)/ml and 0.20-301.69 GU/ml, respectively. The median (25th and 75th percentiles) was 75.30 (32.51-192.10) GU/ml, 36.46 (16.08-91.21) GU/ml and 5.30 (0.00-33.70) CFU/ml, respectively. The difference in the quantitative value of Legionella detected by the three methods showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 187.900, P < 0.01). The quantitative value of Legionella detected by fluorescent quantitation PCR method was the highest, followed by the value Legionella detected by EMA-fluorescent quantitation PCR method and traditional plating method.

CONCLUSIONThe sensitivity of the PCR methods was higher than traditional plating method, in detecting Legionella pollution in spring water, especially the EMA- fluorescent quantitation PCR method, which was more suitable for detecting Legionella in water.

Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Hot Springs ; microbiology ; Legionella ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Microbiological Techniques ; Water Microbiology

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic results of endoscopic orbital decompression for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. METHOD: The records of nine patients (twelve orbits) received endoscopic orbital decompression for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy were analyzed for changes in visual acuity, intraocular pressure, proptosis, corneal ulceration and movement. The follow-ups ranged from two months to thirty-six months. RESULT: Twelve orbits (100%) had improvement in visual acuity (range 0.1-0.7). Ten orbits (83.3%) decreased in intraocular pressure (range 0.2-21.4 mm Hg). Eight orbits (66.70%) decreased in proptosis (one-five mm). The orbit with corneal ulcer was healed after decompression. Diplopia was cured in one of four patients. CONCLUSION Endoscopic orbital decompression is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Graves Ophthalmopathy ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orbit ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome