Retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis, also known as calcific tendinitis of the longus colli muscle, was first described by Hartley in 1964. It is caused by deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals in the longus colli muscles from C1 to C3. Retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis is diagnosed radiologically by the detection of amorphous calcification and pre-vertebral soft tissue swelling. Twelve cases of retropharnygeal calcific tendinitis have been reported in the Korean literature, but no cases with ankylosing spondylitis. In this case, we report an unusual case of retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis with ankylosing spondylitis.
Durapatite ; Humans ; Muscles ; Neck Pain ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing* ; Tendinopathy*

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an RNA virus belonging to Pestivirus in the family Flaviviridae. BVDV has economic significance for the livestock industry because of its association with acute disease, fetal loss, and birth of persistently infected (PI) animals. This study aimed to investigate the BVDV infection rates in Korean native cattle farms in Jeju for further planning of a BVDV control program in the Jeju Province. BVDV antibodies and antigens were tested in 15,842 sera collected from 302 Korean native cattle herds between January 2014 and June 2017 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Viral antigen was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from 60 sera that were antigen ELISA-positive. BVDV antibodies were found in 90.7% (274/302) herds and 61.1% (9,678/15,842) cows. BVDV antigens were found in 13.2% (40/302) herds and 0.4% (61/15,842) cows. The oldest animal group (> 8 years) exhibited the highest sero-positive rates (91%), while the youngest animal group (< 1 years) had the highest antigen positivity rates (0.52%). Of the 60 antigen-positive sera, BVDV types 1 and 2 were found in 36 and 12 sera, respectively. Additionally, six animals were considered to be PI as BVDV was continually detected in annual examination.