Long-term medical education program requires that the medical students should ac-quire both professional knowledge and scientific research ability. These students,with heavy task and course,have difficulty in performing the scientific research systematically. It is very important to develop the early scientific research training. Department of pathology in Central South University,took early sci-entific research activities in various forms,such as literature searching,reviews writing,research design-ing,experiment performing,lecture communicating and clinical practicing after combining the discipline characteristic and arranging the overall process. Satisfactory effects were achieved with efforts.

Objective: To investigate the potential risk factors for influencing renal recovery at discharge in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiringcontinuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study. Critically ill patients with AKI requiring CRRT adimitted to the Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Zhejiang province, from June 2014 to December 2017 were included and divided into two groups according to the status of renal recovery at discharge as renal recovery group and renal non-recovery group. The data of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at adimission to ICU, initial serum creatinine (initial SCr) and lactate level and initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (initial eGFR) at time of AKI diagnosis, and total time of RRT and duration of anuria before CRRT were analyzed. Length of ICU stay and length of hospital stay in both groups were also analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was taken to analyze the potential risk factors for influencing renal recovery at discharge in critically ill patients with AKI. Results: A total of 115 critically ill patients with AKI requiring CRRT were included, of which whom 45 cases were in renal recovery group and 70 cases were in renal non-recovery group, and the renal recovery rate at discharge was 39.1%(45/115); 59 patients were dead during hospitalization and the hospital mortality was 51.3%(59/115). Compared with renal non-recovery group, renal recovery group have a lower value of APACHEⅡ score [(21.73 ± 2.66) scores vs. (23.19 ± 4.41) scores, P=0.03), SOFA score [(11.02 ± 2.22) scores vs. (12.79 ± 2.82) scores, P=0.001], lactate level [(3.82 ± 1.34) mmol/L vs. (4.47 ± 1.52) mmol/L, P=0.021], initial SCr [(2.151 ± 0.677) mg/dl vs. (2.505 ± 0.792) mg/dl, P=0.015], duration of anuria before CRRT[(11.80 ± 4.71) h vs. (19.11 ± 5.98) h, P=0.005] and total time of RRT [(8.64 ± 3.42) d vs. (15.81 ± 5.07) d, P=0.001], and have a higher value of initial eGFR [(36.26 ± 14.74) ml/(min·1.73 m²) vs. (30.07 ± 10.38) ml/(min·1.73 m²), P=0.009]. In addition, length of ICU stay [(12.58 ± 4.78) d vs. (15.30 ± 5.45) d, P=0.007] and length of hospital stay [(19.58 ± 6.44) d vs. (22.11 ± 5.90) d, P=0.032] in renal recovery group were also significantly lower than those in renal non-recovery group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that SOFA score (OR=0.700, 95% CI 0.521-0.941, P=0.018), duration of anuria before CRRT (OR=0.782, 95%CI 0.689-0.888,P < 0.01) and total time of RRT (OR=0.673, 95% CI 0.565-0.801; P < 0.01) were independent risk factors influencing renal recovery at discharge in critically ill patients with AKI, and initial eGFR was a independent protective factor. Conclusions As to critically ill patients with AKI requiring CRRT, there are many factors that affect renal recovery at discharge,. SOFA score, duration of anuria before CRRT and total time of RRT are independent risk factors, and initial eGFR is an independent protective factor.

To evaluate the feasibility of magnetic navigation ultrasonography system in guiding the puncture of percutaneous posterior endoscopic cervical discectomy ( PPECD ) . Methods T he cervical CT data of 6 patients with cervical spondylosis were used to made 3D printing model ,then the localized puncture of the model was guided by the magnetic navigation ultrasonography system ,1‐mm‐slice transection CT scans were obtained to confirm the placement of the needle tips after puncture . T he total puncture time and the distance between the pinpoint in the lateral and longitudinal directions from the ＂V point＂were recorded . Results All the 36 puncture operations accurately located the target segment without penetrating the spinal canal . T he average lateral distance of the needle tip from the ＂V point＂was 2 .88 mm ( 0－7 .12 mm ) ,meanw hile the average longitudinal distance was 1 .64 mm ( 0 －4 .45 mm ) ,and the the w hole process took 3 .72 min( 2 .42－5 .20 min) . T hirty‐three of 36 points were in the circle with ＂V point＂as the center and 5mm as the radius ,puncture success rate was 91% . Conclusions T he puncture model established in this study can be used as a teaching tool ,magnetic navigation ultrasonography system has successfully guided the posterior cervical intervertebral disc puncture on the model ,and there is no radiation exposure during the operation process ,which has a promising clinical application prospect .