Objective To explore the efficacy of cold packs combined with ice compress in treatment of pain after erbium fractional photothermal therapy on acne scars. Methods Eighty cases which were confirmed to the criteria were randomized into two groups:treatment group and control group. The treatment group (n=40) treated with cold packs combined with cold icy compress immediately after the surgery for 30~40 mins. The control group (n=40) was given icy compress therapy immediately after the surgery for 30~40 mins. The therapy continued for three days after the surgery on the two groups. The self-feeling symptom and pain relieving time were compared between the two groups. Result The time for pain relief in the wounds and the time for scabbing were both significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The cold packs combined with ice compress therapy can relieve the pains effectively and it can shorten the recovery time after fractional photothermal therapy.

In pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT), the incidence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia(AIHA)ranges from 2% to 6%.Risk factors include younger age at transplantation, non-malignant diseases, unrelated donor transplant, use of lymphocyte-depleting agents, and chronic graft-versus-host disease.These risk factors share the common characteristic of incomplete immune reconstitution or immune dysregulation post-HSCT, which may be related to the pathogenesis of AIHA.The treatment of post-transplant AIHA is challenging, with no standardized treatment guidelines currently available.Steroids remain the first-line treatment, but the relapse rate is high, with a complete remission rate of approximately 30%.Other conventional treatments such as intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and splenectomy are usually ineffective for post-transplant AIHA.In recent years, some studies have explored second or third-line treatment options using monoclonal antibodies and immunosuppressive agents, with higher remission rates.However, the limited availability of studies makes sustained remission uncertain.This article reviews the progress in risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic options for post-transplant AIHA, providing improved strategies for the treatment of refractory/recurrent AIHA.