Objective To prepare centromere-associated protein E(CENP-E)polyclonal antibody with specificity by using New Zealand white rabbits.Methods Prokaryotic expression plasmid of pHis-CENPEC410 was constructed by molecular cloning technique and then transformed into competent cells of E.coli BL-21 (DE3).HisCENPEC410 fusion protein was induced by isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) and purified by affinity chromatography using Ni-NTA beads.The purified protein was used as antigen to immune New Zealand white rabbits to produce spccific polyclonal antibody of CENP-E.The antibodies serum was detected by immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation,and the purified antibodies were detected by immunofluorescene staining.Results The results of immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that the antibody serum was effective and the purified antibody could be applied to immunofluorescene test.Conclusions CENP-E polyclonal antibody with high specificity and sensitivity was obtained,which lay the foundation for the follow-up study of CENP-E.

Objective To evaluate the effect of self-treatment and observe the change of heart morphology and function in patients with Keshan disease by echocardiography.Methods The left atrium diameter(LAd),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDd),the thickness of interventricular septum in end diastolic(IVSTd),the thickness of left ventricular posterior wall in end-diastolic(LVPWTd),the left ventricular mass(LVM),the left ventricular mass index(LVMI),the relative wall thickness(RWT),the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and the mitral valve flow E/A ratio(E/A)were measured before the self treatment by echocardiography,and also measured on the 3rd month and 6th month after self-treatment with the same method,and observed the change of the parameters above.Results The LAd,LVEDd,IVSTd,LVPWTd,LVM,LVMI and RWT decreased on the 3rd month after self-treatment compared with prior self-treatment,and decreased on the 6th month further.There was significant difference between the prior self-treatment and post self-treatment(P＜0.05).The mitral valve flow E/A ratio and LVEF increased on the post self-treatment compared with the prior self-treatment slightly,but there was no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Conclusions Left ventricular hypertrophy and remodeling in patients with Keshan disease were prevented and reversed,and the cardiac function were improved after the self-treatment.Echocardiography can be used to evaluate the effect of self-treatment on patients with Keshan disease and can provide direction for clinical treatment.

ObjectiveTo observe ultrasound images of normal full-term intracranial venous system,in order to provide reference images and guidelines for clinical practice.Methods Courser shape and spectrum characters by anterior fontanel acoustic window of 65 normal newborn infants had been observed.Results①The demonstration of subendymal vein,cerebral vein,Galen vein longitudinal sinus,straight sinus,lateral sinus confluence was 100％,that of basal vein and falcial sinus was 21％ (14/65) and 29％ (19/65),respectively.②The flow rate of a cranial vein decreased.③ In the overall 65 cases,9 ependymal veins,intracranial veins,Galen veins,62 sinus rectus,63 lateral sinuses,65 longitudinal sinuses and confluence sinuums had impulsive blood spectrum.A basal vein had impulsivity in 14 cases.4 of 19 falcial sinuses had impulsivity.Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasound can identify intracranial veins effectively,but some limitations must be taken into account.Blood flow rate of Galen vein sinus confluence is immeasurable.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mental disorder with high prevalence,morbidity and recurrence rate.The treatment goal of acute stage is to achieve remission,which means asymptomatic.However,clinical treatments and studies found impairment of psychosocial functioning still exists even after remission,which means incomplete recovery.As is known,the normalization of psychosocial functioning is essential to the recovery and the recurrence prevention of MDD.In order to provide reference and guidance for the clinical treatments and studies,we reviewed the related studies and found many kinds of factors influencing the restoration of psychosocial functioning,including demographic factors,diseases related factors,psychological factors,social factors and therapeutic approaches.However,few interior studies focused on the recovery of MDD,and the results of foreign studies were inconsistent,while the understanding of how those factors influence the recovery of MDD is not clear enough.In order to make the characteristics of psychosocial functioning recovery and mechanisms of the influencing factors clear,more in-depth studies should be done in the future.

To understand the possibility of schistosomiasis transmission on the East Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, a survey of endemic status of schistosomiasis in Weishan Lake area was conducted. A cluster sampling of 2086 boatmen were screened with DDIA Kit, and the positive ones were examined with Kato-Katz technique. Meanwhile, a questionnaire survey about schistosomiasis control was carried out to collect the data about the boatmen's general information and knowledge , attitude and practice (KAP). The results showed there were no schistosomiasis patients. However, there exist potential risk factors for schistosomiasis transmission because of the bad hygiene habits and the poor knowledge of schistosomiasis prevention in boatmen.

Femoral intertrochanteric fracture is one of the common types of fractures in the elderly. With the general improvement of medical and living standards, the number of elderly people is increasing, and the problem of osteoporosis has also become relatively prominent. Therefore, low violence can usually cause fractures in this area of the elderly, which has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of elderly patients. With the further development of medical technology and internal fixation materials, the emergence of proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA) has greatly improved the treatment effect of femoral intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. However, with the increasing number of patients treated, internal fixation failures have gradually been reported. In recent years, proximal femoral biomimetic intramedullary nail(PFBN) has been reported to have good clinical efficacy. Therefore, this article mainly elaborates on the theoretical basis, design characteristics, biomechanics, and clinical efficacy research of PFBN, providing more reference for the clinical treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients in the future.

AIM: To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of epithelial-off accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking(CXL)in the management of progressive keratoconus over 1 a period.METHODS:A retrospective pre-post self-controlled study. Data were collected from complete cases of 63 patients(84 eyes)with progressive keratoconus who underwent epithelial-off accelerated CXL between August 2018 and September 2021. Uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), refraction, corneal transparency, maximum keratometry(Kmax)of the anterior corneal surface, minimum corneal thickness, endothelial cell counts, and intraocular pressure(IOP)were analyzed preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo postoperatively.RESULTS:No significant differences were observed in UCVA and spherical power before and after surgery(all P>0.05). However, there were significant differences in BCVA, cylinder power, Kmax, minimum corneal thickness, and IOP(all P<0.05). At 12 mo postoperatively, there were no significant differences in BCVA, cylinder power, minimum corneal thickness, and IOP compared with preoperative values(all P>0.05), while Kmax was decreased compared with preoperative value(P<0.05). At 1 mo postoperatively, the corneal endothelial cell count(2519.87±345.28 cells/mm2)was decreased compared with preoperative value(2693.63±313.39 cells/mm2; P<0.001). At 1 wk postoperatively, 22 eyes developed corneal haze(grade 0.5 to 1), and 15 eyes presented with linear corneal stromal opacity at 1 mo postoperatively. In 7 eyes, corneal opacity subsided within 3 to 6 mo after the operation, however, 5 eyes still exhibited corneal nebula or macula without affecting visual acuity.CONCLUSION: After epithelial-off accelerated CXL, the UCVA, BCVA and spherical diopter of patients remained stable over time. The astigmatism and corneal curvature temporarily increased and then gradually decreased. The cornea minimum thickness decreased initially but subsequently returned to preoperative levels. The corneal curvature at 6 and 12 mo after surgery was significantly lower than that before surgery, which could effectively prevent the progression of keratoconus. Despite potential localized corneal opacity and macular complications, as well as a possible decrease in corneal endothelial cell count, BCVA remained unaffected, demonstrating favorable safety outcomes.

AIM: To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of epithelial-off accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking(CXL)in the management of progressive keratoconus over 1 a period.METHODS:A retrospective pre-post self-controlled study. Data were collected from complete cases of 63 patients(84 eyes)with progressive keratoconus who underwent epithelial-off accelerated CXL between August 2018 and September 2021. Uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), refraction, corneal transparency, maximum keratometry(Kmax)of the anterior corneal surface, minimum corneal thickness, endothelial cell counts, and intraocular pressure(IOP)were analyzed preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo postoperatively.RESULTS:No significant differences were observed in UCVA and spherical power before and after surgery(all P>0.05). However, there were significant differences in BCVA, cylinder power, Kmax, minimum corneal thickness, and IOP(all P<0.05). At 12 mo postoperatively, there were no significant differences in BCVA, cylinder power, minimum corneal thickness, and IOP compared with preoperative values(all P>0.05), while Kmax was decreased compared with preoperative value(P<0.05). At 1 mo postoperatively, the corneal endothelial cell count(2519.87±345.28 cells/mm2)was decreased compared with preoperative value(2693.63±313.39 cells/mm2; P<0.001). At 1 wk postoperatively, 22 eyes developed corneal haze(grade 0.5 to 1), and 15 eyes presented with linear corneal stromal opacity at 1 mo postoperatively. In 7 eyes, corneal opacity subsided within 3 to 6 mo after the operation, however, 5 eyes still exhibited corneal nebula or macula without affecting visual acuity.CONCLUSION: After epithelial-off accelerated CXL, the UCVA, BCVA and spherical diopter of patients remained stable over time. The astigmatism and corneal curvature temporarily increased and then gradually decreased. The cornea minimum thickness decreased initially but subsequently returned to preoperative levels. The corneal curvature at 6 and 12 mo after surgery was significantly lower than that before surgery, which could effectively prevent the progression of keratoconus. Despite potential localized corneal opacity and macular complications, as well as a possible decrease in corneal endothelial cell count, BCVA remained unaffected, demonstrating favorable safety outcomes.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of femoral neck system (FNS) and cannulated screw fixation in the treatment of femoral neck fracture in the young and middle-aged patients.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 76 young and middle-aged patients with femoral neck fracture admitted to Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi′an Jiaotong University from March 2018 to September 2020, including 45 males and 31 females, aged 23-63 years [(49.5±8.2)years]. Garden classification of the fracture was 25 patients with type II, 34 with type III and 17 with type IV. Pauwels classification of the fracture was 16 patients with type I, 31 with type II and 29 with type III. A total of 40 patients were treated with cannulated screw fixation (cannulated screw group) and 36 patients with FNS fixation (FNS group). Operation time, frequency of fluoroscopy, length of hospital stay, weight-bearing time and bone union time were compared between the two groups. Hip function was assessed by Harris hip score at 6, 12 months after operation. The incidence of postoperative complications was observed.Results:All patients were followed up for 12-20 months [(15.2±1.7)months]. The frequency of fluoroscopy [(13.4±1.9)times], weight-bearing time [(11.1±1.9)weeks] and bone union time [(13.8±1.6)weeks] in FNS group were lower or shorter than those in cannulated screw group [(18.2±2.6)times, (15.7±1.6)weeks, (14.6±1.6)weeks] (all P<0.05 or 0.01). There were no significant differences in operation time, length of hospital stay and Harris hip score at 6, 12 months after operation between the two groups (all P>0.05). No postoperative infection occurred in both groups. In cannulated screw group, there were 4 patients with femoral neck shortening, 3 with deep venous thrombosis, 2 with internal fixation loosening, 2 with nail withdrawal and 1 with fracture non-union, showing the incidence of complications of 30% (12/40). In FNS group, there was 2 patients with femoral neck shortening, 1 with deep vein thrombosis and 1 with internal fixation loosening, showing the incidence of complications of 11% (4/36) ( P<0.05). Conclusion:For femoral neck fracture in the young and middle-aged patients, both FNS and cannulated screw fixation can obtain satisfactory efficacy, but FNS has the advantages of decreased frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy, early weight bearing, reduced time to bone union and low incidence of complications.

Objective:To investigate the difference of functional connectivity(FC) between the habenula and other brain regions in the patients with first-episode current depression (fMDD) and remitted depression (rMDD).Methods:Thirty-five patients with first-episode current depression (fMDD), 35 patients with remitted depression (rMDD) and 30 healthy controls (HC) matched with gender, age and education years were scanned by resting-state fMRI. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD 17) was used to assess the severity of the patients. After preprocessing, seed-based FC analysis was performed on the habenula. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the FC values and HAMD 17 and duration of disease. Results:(1) Compared with the HC group, FC decreased between the habenula and left middle occipital gyrus(l-MOG) in fMDD group (x, y, z=-48, -84, 3, t=-4.335, P<0.05), while FC increased between the habenula and left supramarginal gyrus (x, y, z=-66, -30, 36, t=4.876, P<0.05), left superior frontal gyrus(l-SFG) (x, y, z=-6, -33, 51, t=4.402, P<0.05), left inferior parietal lobe(l-IPL)( t=3.300, P<0.05) and right inferior parietal lobe(r-IPL) ( t=3.557, P<0.05) in fMDD group. Compared with the HC, FC decreased between the habenula and l-MOG (x, y, z=-48, -84, 3, t=-4.321, P<0.05) and left thalamus (x, y, z=-9, 3, 3, t=-3.971, P<0.05) in rMDD group, while FC increased between the habenula and left middle temporal gyrus(l-MTG)( x, y, z=-48, -39, 9, t=4.062, P<0.05), left supramarginal gyrus (x, y, z=-51, -15, 45, t=2.906, P<0.05), l-SFG (x, y, z=-24, -21, 39, t=3.044, P<0.05), l-IPL ( t=2.880, P<0.05) and r-IPL ( t=3.512, P<0.05) in rMDD group. (2) FC decreased in fMDD group between the habenula and right orbitofrontal cortex(r-OFC) ( t=-3.899, P<0.05) and l-MTG ( t=-4.023, P<0.05) than rMDD group, while FC increased between the habenula and left supramarginal gyrus ( t=4.157, P<0.05), l-SFG( t=3.327, P<0.05), left thalamus ( t=3.316, P<0.05) and l-IPL ( t=3.909, P<0.05) than rMDD group. (3)There was no significantly correlation between the HAMD 17 and the FC value changes among the different regions, and was marginal significantly correlation between duration of disease and the FC values from the habenula and l-MOG( r=0.328, P=0.063). Conclusion:Both fMDD and rMDD show abnormal FC between the habenula and default mode network, visual network and reward network, which may be related to the pathogenesis of depression. The FC of the habenula in rMDD still had not recovered to normal.