Objective:To explore the possibility of immune prevention and cure for tetrodotoxin (TTX) intoxication and develop an antitoxin vaccine against TTX.Methods:TTX was conjugated to Tachypleus tridentatus hemocyanin(TTH) in presence of formaldehyde and this conjugate(TTX-TTH) was used as an immunogen to immunize Balb/C mice.The quality of antisera in animal was detected on schedule by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and competition-inhibited enzyme immunoassay(CIEIA).Mice immunized with TTX-TTH were challenged intraperitoneally with lethal doses of TTX(1LD=13.5 ?g/kg).Results:The high titer and affinity of antisera could last for a time as long as more than one year.The immunized mice were ip challenged with 1?LD of TTX once and again at a fixed period,there was a affirmative antitoxic effect in about 12 months(total 15?LD),and a partial effect in following time;about one fourth of animal survived till 24 months post initial immunization(total 26?LD),and which was at a stage of senescence in mice.The anti-TTX poisoning effect of animal was approximately consistent with the antisera quality tested.Conclusion:The experimental vaccine of TTX could effectively protect animal from TTX intoxication and its effect was of longer duration of validity.Immunoprophylaxis would be the hopeful means for detoxification of TTX. [

Objective To quantitatively assess left ventricular global systolic and diastolic function using volume-time curves (VTC) by real-time three-dimensional echoeardiography(RT-3DE).Methods Ninty-eight subjects were divided into four groups.Group A consisted of twenty-eight normal subject,group B included twenty-four patients with hypertensive(HTN), group C consisted of twenty-four patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) and group D of twenty-two patients having dilated cordiomyopathy (DCM).Participants were selected undergoing full volume RT-3DE.The global and 17-segmental VTCs were obtained by the off-line Qlab software.The end-diastolic volume(EDV), end-systolic volume(ESV) and ejection fraction(EF) were derived from VTCs.The peak ejection rate(PER),peak early filling rate (PFR),PER/EDV and PFR/EDV were calculted.Results EDV and ESV of group B,C and D was significantly larger than that of group A(all P < 0.05), EF and PER/EDV of group C and D significantly lower than those of group A.There were close correlation between PER/EDV and EF ( r=0.694, P＜0.05).Comparison of VTC pattern of HTN,CAD and DCM with that of healthy participants revealed the loss of symmetry of systolic and diastolic pattern.Conclusions Generation of VTCs by RT3DE is a promising approach to evaluate left ventricular global systolic and diastolic function.PER/EDV and PFR/EDV may be potential parameters for assessing left ventricular global systolic and diastolic function.

The quarantine inspection and acceptance of laboratory animals is an important work, which can protect animals from pollution, occurrence and spread of diseases in the surounding area, and it is the key point to realize the quality standardization of laboratory animals.Beagle dogs are acknowledged widely as specialized laboratory dogs which is widely employed in experiments of drug safety evaluation because of the good genetic stability, environmental adaptability, disease resistance and consistency testing in the experiments.Establishment of standard operating procedures of beagle dog quarantine acceptance check for drug GLP organization tests, refining technical points, strengthen the technical training of quarantine officers, and efforts to improve the level of quarantine are needed to finally ensure the quality of laboratory animals.

Objective To observe the application and the curative effects of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of skin injury of trauma surgery .Methods The 50 cases with severe traumatic skin injury treated with VSD were compared with tra-ditional dressing group(control group 50 cases) to observe the curative effect of the two groups .Results Compared with control group ,VSD group improved the success rate of follow-up skin graft .Good skin graft in VSD group were obvious more than the con-trol group(P<0 .01) .Conclusion The VSD can improve the success rate of skin graft ,accelerate wound healing .At the same time , VSD can avoid the pain due to reducing the times of changing dressings .It is a good method of treating severe traumatic skin injury .

Inflammatory bowel diseases are idiopathic inflammatory diseases of two main types, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Crohn's disease can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, and the distal ileum is involved in up to 70% of patients. Moreover, Crohn's disease in one-quarter to one-third of patients involves isolation of the small bowel. Due to the nonspecific symptoms and anatomical location of the disease, small bowel Crohn's disease is a phenotype that is particularly difficult to manage. Since the introduction of capsule endoscopy in 2000 and balloon-assisted enteroscopy in the 21st century, it is now possible to directly inspect for small bowel Crohn's disease. However, the new modalities still have limitations, such as capsule retention and invasiveness of balloon-assisted enteroscopy. The diagnostic yields of both capsule endoscopy and balloon-assisted enteroscopy are high for patients with suspected small bowel Crohn's disease. Therefore, earlier use of capsule endoscopy or balloon-assisted enteroscopy can help with the diagnosis and earlier treatment of these patients to avert possible disastrous outcomes.
Capsule Endoscopy* ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; Crohn Disease* ; Diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Ileum ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Phenotype

Circadian disruption is being increasingly recognized as a critical factor in the development and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). This review aims to provide an in-depth overview of the relationship between circadian disruption and PD by exploring the molecular, cellular, and behavioral aspects of this interaction. This review will include a comprehensive understanding of how the clock gene system and transcription–translation feedback loops function and how they are diminished in PD. The article also discusses the role of clock genes in the regulation of circadian rhythms, as well as the impact of clock gene dysregulation on mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, including the microbiota-gut-brain axis, which have all been proposed as being crucial mechanisms in the pathophysiology of PD. Finally, this review highlights potential therapeutic strategies targeting the clock gene system and circadian rhythm for the treatment of PD.

Objective To discuss the flail chest in the rib the fixed surgery opportunity,in fixed spot. Meth-ads Clinical data of 26 flail cheat patients in my courtyard were retrospectively analyzed. Results 26 patients were cured completely,nobody died,no obvious cheat abnormity was observed. Condusion Regarding the flail cheat pa-tient, at the right moment to adopt the fixed surgery in the rib, restore the integrity of the thoracic wall, may reduce the mortality rate, the chest shape normal, the quality of life obtains the enhancement.

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) on skin and soft tissue injury in elderly patients.Methods A total of 75 patients with severe skin and soft tissue injury who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study.They were divided into two groups based on admission dates:the observation group (n =40,receiving VSD treatment,oddnumber date admission) and the control group (n=35,receiving routine dressing changes,even number date admission).The clinical indexes including pain score,wound healing time,infection rate and complications were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results There was a significant difference in the average length of hospitalization between the two groups (21.3 days vl 30.7 days,t=7.60,P=0.0000).The infection rate was lower in the observation group than in the control group (12.5％ or 5/40 vs.54.3％ or 19/35,x2=13.12,P=0.0003).The incidence of complications was lower in the observation group than in the control group (15.0％ or 6/40 vs.42.9％ or 15/35,x2=5.87,P=0.0154).There were no deaths in the observation group,but one patient died from acute pulmonary embolism in the control group during hospitalization.Conclusions VSD can alleviate pain,reduce the infection rate,shorten the length of hospitalization and decrease bedridden complications in elderly patients with severe skin and soft tissue injury,and has valuable applications in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the applicable value of tissue synchronization imaging (TSI)by real-time thriplane echocardiography (RT3PE)in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).Methods Twenty-four patients with heart failure scheduled for CRT and 24 healthy controls were enrolled.Two dimensional echocardiography was performed to get the left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole and end-systole(LVIDd,LVIDs ),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ),velocity time integral of left ventricular outflow tract flow (VTILVOT ).The RT3PE TSI was performed to measure the time to peak systolic velocities(Tp)of left ventricle basal and middle segments(12 segments),software will automatically calculate the maximal difierence (12-Tp-DIF)and standard deviation (12-Tp-SD)of Tp in 12 segment. Identity the segment where wall motion most delay and to guide electrode placement.AV and VV interval optimization were performed under guidance of TSI after 1 month of CRT.Results In before CRT,after CRT,after optimization and control group,LVIDd,Tp,LVIDs,12-Tp-DIF and 12-Tp-SD were decreased in the order,LVEF and VTILVOT were increased in the order.There were significant difference between the groups(all P < 0.05 ).TSI showed that left ventricular systolic dyssynchrony was present in all patients before CRT.The most delay segment and electrode location was consistent.There were close correlation between 12-Tp-DIF and LVEF (r =-0.70,P =0.000),between 12-Tp-SD and LVEF(r =-0.73,P =0.000).Conclusions Left ventricular systolic synchronicity can be evaluated accurately and intuitively using TSI by RT3PE.It has important clinical significance in prospectively select patients for CRT,help to guide electrode placement and to optimize device programming.