Objective To explore the factors related with prolonged anesthesia recovery (PAR) in patients with cerebral palsy after gener-al anesthesia. Methods 293 patients with cerebral palsy who received lower limbs orthopedics (LLO) under general anesthesia during July, 2009 to August, 2014 were retrospected and the factors related to PAR were analyzed. Results 37 patients (12.6%) suffered from PAR. There was significant difference in factors including body-weight, grade of physical status for anesthesia according to American Association of Anesthesiologists (ASA), the style to set a venous channel, blood loss, general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia (GAEA), in-tra-operative inhalation anesthetics, and serious adverse events (SAE) between patients with or without PAR, according to single factor anal-ysis with chi-square test. It was significant that the factors of ASA grade (B=1.490), SAE (B=2.159) and GAEA (B=-1.487) according to non-conditional logistic analysis. Conclusion PAR is related to several factors and GAEA combined with general anesthesia contributes to the recovery of patients with cerebral palsy.

A simple, precise, and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of vitexin-2-O-glucoside, vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, rutin, vitexin, and hyperoside. The HPLC separation was performed using a Shim-pack VP-ODS C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d. , 5 μm) with the isocratic mobile phase consisting of tetrahydrofuran/acetonitrile/0.05％ phosphoric acid solution (20:3:77, v/v/v), and the flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min. UV detection was carried out at a wavelength of 360 nm and the whole analysis took 25 min. The method was linear in the range of 4.12-206.00 μg/mL for vitexin-2-O-glucoside, 4.05-202.50 μg/mL for vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, 1.64-82.00 μg/mL for rutin, 1.74-87.00 μg/mL for vitexin, and 1.41-70.60 μg/mL for hyperoside with the correlation coefficient for each analyte more than 0.998.The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of qnantitation (LOQ) were 0.6 and 2 ng for vitexin-2-O-glucoside, 0.6 and 2 ng for vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, 0.3 and 1 ng for rutin, 1 and 3 ng for vitexin, and 0.5 and 2 ng for hyperoside, respectively. Lntra- and inter-day precision and accuracy (RSD) were less than 3％. The developed HPLC method was successfully applied to the analysis of five flavonoids in hawthorn leaves, hawthorn fruits, and the preparations containing hawthorn leaves or fruits.

Objective To observe the application of multimodal analgesia (MA) in lower extremity orthopedic surgery (LEOS) for patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods 100 CP patients following spasm undergoing LEOS under combined general anesthesia were randomly assigned into group C (n=50) and group M (n=50). In group M, the methods including a small dose of intravenous ketamine (0.25 mg/ kg) 15 minutes before skin incision, 0.25% ropivacaine hydrochloride in surgical area with infiltration anesthesia just before skin incision, and an intravenous infusion of sufentanil (0.05 μg/kg/h) combined with remifentanil (0.2 μg/kg/min) were performed. In group C, the methods mentioned above were not performed. The intravenous analgesia pump for single-use was prescribed for the patients in both groups. The postoperative analgesic effect (PAE) and side effects were observed. Results 4 dropped in group C. PAE in group M was significantly superior to that in group C (P<0.05), and the doctors as well as the caretakers for the patients were more satisfactory with the outcome (P<0.001). There was no significantly difference in the side effects between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion MA could increase PAE in LEOS for CP patients following spasm and the safety was not influenced.

Objective: :To establish a quality standard for glycyrrhizic acid in compound loquat and pentoryverine granule.Methods: TLC was applied in the qualitative detection of glycyrrhizic acid.An HPLC method was used for the quantitative determination of glycyrrhizic acid.A C 18 (250 mm× 4.6 mm ,5 μm)column was used.The mobile phase was a mixture of methanol-0.2 mol·L-1 ammonium acetate-acetic acid(60∶39∶1).The flow rate was at 1.0 ml·min-1 , and the detection wavelength was at 250 nm.Results: The TLC spots were clear and well separated without interference from the negative sample.The calibration curves were linear within the range of 0.01-1.01 g·L-1 (r=1.000 0).The average recovery was 103.2% (RSD %=1.8% , n =9).Conclusion: The method is simple and accurate, which can be used for the quality control of compound loquat and pentoryverine granule.

Objective To compare the appfication of rapid sequence induce nasotracheal intobation with awake nasotracheal intubation with fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) in patients with cervical vertebra injury.Methods Forty patients with cervical vertebra injury were randomly divided into group (rapid sequence induce nasotracheal intubation with FOB) and group II (awake nasotracheal intubation with FOB),20 patients in each group.Bp,HR,SpO2 before and during intubation,intubafion time and cases of re-intubation were observed.Results SpO2 maintained normal during intubation.Between group I and group II,there was no significance in intubation lime [(3.12±0.52)min and (3.34±0.65)mini and cases of re-intubafion (2 cases and 1 case) (P ＞ 0.05 ).During intubation,MAP and HR inceased significantly in group II than those in group I (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The application of rapid sequence induce nasotracheal intubation with FOB is better than awake nasotracheal intubation with FOB in patients with cervical vertebra injury,it is safe and valid.

Objective To investigate the effect of one-time anti reflux multi-function drainage bag in clinical application.Methods A total of 125 cases of benign prostate hyperplasis (BPH) were treated with transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) from October 2012 to March 2013 at our hospital of uropoiesis surgical department.All the cases were randomly divided into the control group (63 cases) and the experimental group(62 cases).The three cavities balloon catheter was connected with common drainage bag in the control group,and with one-time anti-reflux multi-function drainage bag in the experimental group.The urine in catheters and drainage bag of 3,5,7 days postoperatively in two groups was sampled for urine culture.The cases of daily urine tube plugging and daily drainage bag reflux in two groups were observed respectively.Results The cases of bacilluria significantly reduced in catheters of the experimental group compared with the control group and the drainage bag of the experimental group,respectively.The cases of bacilluria was significantly reduced in drainage bag compared with the control group.The cases of drainage bag reflux was significantly reduced compared with the control group.The cases of bacilluria in catheter and drainage bag had no significant difference in the control group.The cases of catheter plugging had no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions One-time anti reflux multi-function urine drainage bag can effectively prevent bacteria and reflux,and make the drainage system in a closed state.It has obvious advantage to prevent the happening of the retrograde infection compared with the common drainage bag.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the absorption kinetics of atractylenolide I in intestines of rats and the influence of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on the absorption.

METHODThe absorption kinetics was investigated using the method of in situ intestine absorption in rats and the samples were determined by HPLC.

RESULTAtractylenolide I is absorbed quite well at all segments of intestine in rats and no specific absorption was founded in different segment. When the concentration of perfusion solution was increased contrarily the absorption rate constant (Ka) kept at the same level. Compared Ka of three different concentration of perfusion solution with variance analysis method, Ka of atractylenolide I had no significant differences. But the Ka values were significently increased in the presence of P-gp inbibitor, verapamil or digoxin.

CONCLUSIONAtractylenolide I can be classified into high penetrating drug. Passive diffusion dominates the absorptive transport behivior of atractylenolide I. Atractylenolide I can be absorbed in the whole intestinal segments and there is not a preferntial absorption zone in the intestine. The absorption and secretion of atractylenolide I are mediated by the efflux transport system, P-gp.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestines ; chemistry ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lactones ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sesquiterpenes ; pharmacokinetics

2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer membranes are synthesized as biomaterials of the biomembrane structure. The MPC polymer membranes have excellent biocompatibility and blood compatibility, they can effectively reduce protein adsorption and denaturation and inhibit cell adhesion even when the polymer membranes are in contact with whole blood in the absence of any anticoagulants. So, the MPC polymer membranes are widely used in blood purification, artificial organs, membrane oxygenator, and other field of biomedicine. The paper mainly expounds the research advancement and the application prospect of MPC polymer membranes.
Artificial Organs ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Humans ; Membranes, Artificial ; Methacrylates ; chemistry ; Oxygenators, Membrane ; Phosphorylcholine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Polymers ; Polymethacrylic Acids

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of atractylenolide I on immunological liver injury induced by BCG and LPS.

METHODKunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: the normal group, the model group, positive control biphenyl group, the atractylenolide I high does group, the atractylenolide I middle dose group and the atractylenolide I low dose group (60, 120, 240 mg x kg(-1)), with 12 mice in each group. Immunological liver injury in mice was induced by BCG and LPS to compared liver index and spleen index and detect content of serum ALT, AST, MDA and GSH-px in serum and NO, iNOS, TNF-alpha in serum and liver homogenate. Liver pathological changes were observed by HE staining.

RESULTBoth of atractylenolide I and biphenyl remarkably decrease the increased live index and spleen index (P < 0.05), improve the histopathological changes in liver and pathological grades of liver tissues and relieve the inflammatory reaction induced by BCG and LPS. They showed a notable effect in improving MDA and GSH-px in serum.

CONCLUSIONAtractylenolide I can obviously protect immunological injury liver a dose-dependent manner within the range of test doses. Its mechanism may be related to release or over expression of inhibitory inflammatory medium such as NO, iNOS and TNF-alpha.

Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Lactones ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mycobacterium bovis ; immunology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; immunology ; Sesquiterpenes ; pharmacology