Objective: In order to popularize the use of interlocking nail, the authors reviewed 81 femoral shaft fractures in 80 patients who were treated with interlocking nail from July 1988 to October 1997. Material and Method: There are 60 males and 20 females. Forty-one fractures were of left femur and 40 of right. The average age was 33 years(range 15-79 years) . Results: The results showed that 60 cases of fractures that followed up over half a year had bony union. The complications included one bone union failure due to incorrect indication. two fractures during the operation, misinserting the proximal screw in 2, and misinserting the distal screw in 3, lengthening of the extremity in 2, valgus knee in 2, deep infection in 1, delayed infection in 1, nail broken in 3, proximal screw broken in 1, distal screw broken in 1, distal screw loosening in 2. Conclusion: 1) The indication must be correctly chosen. 2) Well-trained operative technique for interlocking nail is necessary to reduce the compli cation. 3 )The patient with old or comminuted fracture fixed with G - K nail should properly delay the time to start weight bearing.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects in t he treatment of femoral peritrochan teric frac-tures by PFN(proximal femoral nail).Methods A retrospective analysis was done in the treatment of femoral peritrochanteric fractures(72cases).38cases were male and 44cases female.Their age ranged 64～96years old with the average age being 78years old.70cases were intertrochanteric f ractures(EvensⅠtype 16,Ⅱtype 31,ⅢA type 14,ⅢB type 6,Ⅳtype 3),and 2cases subtrochanteric fractu res.Results65patients were followed up for over 6months.All fractures healed and all patients could take care of themselves and were satisfied with t he clinical curative effect except one patient who had the lag screw pulled o ut and coxa vara because of serious os-teoporosis.Conclusion PFNis a better way to cure femoral peritrochanteric fractures because of few complications and simple surgical procedure.Bein g a micro-trauma technique,it is worthy of wide application in clinic.[

The indraught of the foreign brains in the higher learning has five characteristics and four important functions.Having the strategic, subordinate and serving status, it is of vital importance to the building and the development of thecolleges and universities in our country.[

Objective To explore gene polymorphism of the C/T genotype of rs1143627 in the promoter of IL-1β gene in male population living in the coastal area of Shandong, and thus to investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphism of IL-1β and gout. Methods A total of 208 gout patients and 210 healthy controls were enrolled. The possible association between the polymorphism of IL-1 β -3 1C/T and gout in Chinese were investigated and genotype frequencies and allelic frequencies was calculated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Hardy-Weinberg was used to verify the representativeness of the sample. Comparisons between the groups were performed with χ2 test and t-test. Results The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 32.7%, 43.3% and 24.0%,respectively among gout patients, while they were 31.9%,46.2% and 21.9%, respectively among the controls.There was no statistically difference in IL-1β -31C/T genotype frequencies between gout patients and controls (χ2=0.427, P>0.05). The allele frequencies of C and T in gout cases were different from those in the controls (54.3%, 55.0%; 45.7%, 45.0%; χ2=0.038, P>0.05). Moreover, no association between IL- I β-31 C/T genotypes and risk factors for gout were observed in gout cases by χ2 test. Conclusion Results of the present study suggest that the C/T genotype of rs1143627 in the promoter of IL-1β gene is not associated with gout in male population living in the coastal area of Shandong.

Objective To analyze the results and complications of the treatment of intra articular calcaneal fractures with internal plate fixation. Methods From January 1998 to October 2004, 31 patients with calcaneal fracture (36 calcanea) were treated in our hospital. According to Sanders classification, there were 2 type Ⅱ,22 type Ⅲ,and 12 type Ⅳ. They were treated with reconstruction of the joint surface, internal fixation with screw and plate through the extensile lateral approach, and bone graft. The preoperative and postoperative data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 10.0. Results Follow ups lasted from 6 to 33 months with an average of 25 months. All the fractures healed 3 months after operation. On average, Bhlers angle was improved from preoperative 13.2?to postoperative 38.5?, Gissanes angle from 75?to 115.5?, and step distance from 5.0mm to 0.3mm. The differences between the preoperative and postoperative data were statistically significant(P

Objective To explore gene polymorphism of the G/C genotype of-173G/C(rs755622)in the promoter of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)gene in male population,and thus to investigate the relationship between gene polymorphism of MIF and gout.Methods A total of 380 gout patients and 378 healthy controls were enrolled.The possible association between the polymorphism of MIF-173G/C and gout in Chinese were investigated and genotype frequencies and allelic frequencies were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers(PCR-SSP)method.Hardy-Weinberg was used to verify the representativeness of the samples.Comparisons between the groups were performed with x2 test.The gene polymorphism of MIF and gout was performed by t test.Results The frequencies of GG,GC,CC genotypes were 62.1％(236 cases),34.2％(130 cases)and 3.7％(14 cases),respectively among gout patients,while they were 66.5％(252 cases),29.8％(113 cases)and 3.7％(14 cases),respectively among the controls.There was no statistical difference in MIF-173G/C genotype frequencies between gout patients and controls(x2=1.713,P=0.425).The allele frequencies of G and C in gout cases were 79.2％(602 cases)and 20.8％(158cases),while the controls were 81.4％(617 cases)and 18.6％(141 cases),and no significant difference between them could be found(x2=1.148,P=0.302).Combine GG and GC of gout into GG+GC,the association analysis of the two groups showed that,mean age,leves of glucose,TG,TC,BUN,Cr and UA of the GG+GC group and the CC group were(51±13)and(50±15)t=0.369,P=0.712;(7.1±8.8)and(6.1±1.2)mmol/L,t=0.352,P=0.725;(2.3±1.6)and(2.9±3.4)mmol/L,t=-1.207,P=0.228;(5.3±1.2)and(5.7±1.4)mmol/L,t=-1.207,P=0.228;(5.8±2.9)and(6.2±2.2)mmol/L,t=-0.513,P=0.608;(92±52)and(84±17)μmol/L,t=0.537,P=0.592;(472±103)vs(557±154)μmol/L,t=-2.949,P=0.03 respectively;no significant difference was found in the two group.Moreover,no association between MIF-173G/C genotypes and risk factors for gout were detected in gout cases by t-test.Conclusion Results of the present study suggest that the G/C genotype of-173G/C in the promoter of MIF gene is not associated with gout in male population.

Objective To evaluate inhibitory effects of the Chlamydiaphage phiCPG1 capsid protein Vp1 on Chlamydia psittaci strain guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) serovar E,and to provide new ideas for the treatment of Ct infection.Methods The Chlamydiaphage phiCPG1 capsid protein Vp1 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 transfected with the recombinant plasmid Vp1-pET30a (+),identified by Western blot analysis and purified by using dialysis bags.Bicinchonininc acid (BCA) assay was performed to determine the concentration of Vp1 protein.GPIC and Ct serovar E strains were both classified into 4 groups to be firstly incubated with Vp1 protein (Vp1 group),Tris-glycine solution (Tris group),S protein (S group) or Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM,DMEM group) at room temperature for 3 hours,then were used to infect Hela cells followed by 72-hour (GPIC) or 48-hour (Ct serovar E) culture with the presence of Vp 1 protein (Vp 1 group),Tris-glycine solution (Tris group),S protein (S group) or DMEM (DMEM group).Subsequently,immunofluorescence staining was conducted to observe and count chlamydial inclusions.Results The number of GPIC inclusions was significantly different between the 4 groups after 72-hour culture (F=476.632,P＜ 0.05),and lower in the Vp1 group (5.0 ± 1.5) than in the Tris group (24 ± 1.2,P＜ 0.05),S group (25 ± 1.7,P＜ 0.05) and DMEM group (25 ± 1.5,P＜ 0.05),but insignificantly different between the latter 3 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the DMEM group,the Vp1 group showed a significant decrease of 80.2％ ± 3.99％ and 77.2％ ± 1.79％ in the number of GPIC and Ct serovar E inclusions respectively,with no significant difference in the inhibitory effect of Vp1 on GPIC versus Ct serovar E (t =2.057,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The phiCPG1 capsid protein Vp1 can obviously inhibit GPIC and Ct serovar E infections to a similar degree.

Objective The aim of this study was to inve-stigate the associations between genetic variants in interleukin (IL)-33 and susceptibility to gout.Methods The genetic distributions of rs3939286 were detected in 1 100 men with gout and 1 227 ethnically matched controls using Taqman allelic discrimination real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Hardy-Weinberg was used to verify the representativeness of the samples.Differences in genetic distributions between groups were investigated using x2 tests.The genotypephenotype relationship among gout patients was tested by analysis of variance.Results The frequencies of AA,AG and GG genotypes were1,101 and 998 (0.1％,9.2％ and 90.7％) among gout patients,while they were 1 132 and 1 094 (0.1％,10.7％ and 89.2％) among the controls.There were no significant differences in genetic distributions of IL-33 rs3939286 polymorphism between gout patients and controls (P=0.478 by genotype,x2=1.46,P=0.309 by allele).Conclusion Our results have revealed that the rs3939286 variant in IL-33 gene may be not involved in the development of gout in male gout patients of Shandong.However,further studies in other ethnic groups are needed to confirm the results.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the cerebrocardiac syndrome (CCS) of severe type and prediction of prognosis of patients with neurosurgery .Methods Myocardial zymogram levels were measured in course of development of 120 ca‐ses of Acute Stroke(AS) that were confirmed diagnosis by brain computerized tomography (CT) .ultrasoundcardiogram(UCG)and electrocardiogram(ECG)were used to dectect Segmental Wall Motio Abnormalities (SWMA) .Results For 120 patients with AS , the specimens include 38 cases(76 .0% )of T‐wave change and 12 cases(24 .0% )of ST‐segment depression in 50 cases of ST‐T seg‐ment change ,7 cases of arrhythmia and adnormal cardiac electrical conduction .24 cases of SWM A ,32 cases(26 .7% ) of raised CK‐MB ,35 patients could be recovered to normal of ECG after active treatment .17cases of ECG improve markedly ,18 cases of ECG un‐improved ,15 cases of myocardial enzymes normally ,8 cases of myocardial enzymes improve markedly20 cases of death .Conclusion Hypertension is a risk factor of CCS ,correlation between ST‐T segment and SWMA as well as myocardial enzymes and myocardial damagein CCS was statistically analyed .

Objective To analyze the causes of complications and death of the femoral intertrochanteric fracture during perioperative period, and to assess the orthopedics surgery risk of aged. Methods 499 of 547 cases were retrospectively re?viewed (132 male, 367 female), who underwent operation from May 2007 to Jun 2014 in our hospital. Their age varied from 59 to 103 years old, with an average of 78.3 ± 7.3 years old. According to Evans classification, there were 84 cases of type I, 67 type II, 187 type III, and 161 type IV. The causes of death were analyzed and discussed. The factors including health assess?ment before operation, age, operating time and blood loss were studied statistically to find out their correlation with mortality of operation. Results There were altogether 354 complications, including pulmonary infection, urinary system infection, DVT, and cardiac events. There were 30 cases of death and the mortality was 6.0%. The major causes of death included infectious shock, pulmonary infection, cardiac events, kidney failure and hemorrhagic shock caused by hepatic rupture. Statistical results from the score of APACHEⅡshowed the factor which definitely influenced the mortality was the amount of blood loss during op?eration.APACHEⅡscoring area under the ROC curve was 0.938, and the best cutoff value was 17.5 (about an index of 0.767), with the sensitivity of 86.7%and specificity of 90%. The area of risk of death under the ROC curve by APACHE Ⅱscore was 0.817, the best cutoff value of 16.765%(about an index of 0.483), and the sensitivity and specificity of 93.3%and 55.0%. Conclu?sion There were a lot of complications and accompanied diseases when femoral intertrochanteric fractures happened in aged pa?tients. The main cause of death was septic shock. There were relationships between hemoglobin and the operating time and the de?gree of trauma. What’s more, it was confirmed that the APACHEⅡscoring system was very useful to value the condition of the patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures, which can be recommended.