Recent major changes and updates of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI) document M100 for performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing were introduced in the article,which include changes of interpretive criteria and comments,antimicrobial susceptibility testing of infrequently isolated or fastidious bacteria,changes of appendixes and others,Brief comments were made for these changes.

Objective To investigate the effect of puerarin and compound salvia injection on P2selectin change in patients with traumatic cerebral infarction(TCI)so as to understand the difference of their curative effect. Methods Twenty patients with TCI were randomly divided into four groups,ie,conventional treatment group,puerarin group,compound salvia injection group and combined treatment group to observe the improvement of the symptoms(Glasgow Outcome Scale,GOS)and change of plasma P2 selecfin after treatment.Results The symptoms(GOS score)and level of plasma P2 selectin in the puerarin group,the compound salvia injection group and the combined treatment group were superior to those of the conventional treatment group(P<0.05).The TCI patients had obviously higher level of plasma P2 Selectin than the healthy persons before treatment.The level of plasma P2 selectin was decreased after treatment,with better curative effect in three other groups compared with the conventional treatment group. Conclusions There is positive synergistic interaction between puerarin and compound salvia injection.Both puerarin and compound salvia injection Can decrease the level of plasma P2 Selectin to reduce the blood viscosity,inhibit the platelet activation,reduce the cerebral vasospasm and inhibit the thrombosis,as contributes to the recovery of the TCI patients.

The indraught of the foreign brains in the higher learning has five characteristics and four important functions.Having the strategic, subordinate and serving status, it is of vital importance to the building and the development of thecolleges and universities in our country.[

Third party custody system at the Second Affiliated Hospital ot Zhejiang University has reduced hospital costs,raised efficiency and optimized resources.The standardized management system featuring 5S+ 1 achieved such outcomes as +5 and -5,and 0 inventory.A three-year review of the economic performance at the hospital has saved three million yuan of costs,proving that the system can help build an effective material supply system for contemporary general hospitals.

Objective To investigate the genetic association of HLA class II DRB1,DQB1,DQA2 and DQB2 locus with schizophrenia in the Han people of Northern China.Methods The polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and restrictive fragment length polymorphism(RELP) were applied to detect the gene types in the 195 Han family trios including patients with schizophrenia and their healthy parents in the north of China.The chi-square(?2) test,transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) and the haplotype relative risk(HRR) analysis were used to process the genotyping data statistically.Results The genotypic frequency of four genes did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both case and control groups;The SNP rs2239800,a G to A base change,presented in the DQA2 locus.Its allelic frequencies showed significant difference between case and control(?2=5.021,P=0.025).And the AA genotype of rs2239800 showed associations with schizophrenia.Conclusion The polymorphism of rs2239800 in the DQA2 gene may be associated with schizophrenia.

Human proximal tubule epithelial cell line,HK-2 cells,were cultured with various concentrations of insulin for 48 h.Human urate transporter (hUAT) mRNA was detected by realtime quantitative PCR.hUAT mRNA levels were down-regulated by insulin (5,25,125,500 μIU/ml)in a dose-dependent manner (relative expression median were 0.95,0.40,0.24,and 0.23).In vitro,the expression of hUAT mRNA in HK-2 cells is associated with the concentration of insulin.

Objective To identify the compliance and influencing factors of colorectal cancer screening among urban communities. Methods People in urban communities are categorized as the case group, comparison group A and comparison group B, according to whether they receive questionnaire survey, FOBT test, intestine mirror, and different follow-up results in this screening test Results No significant differences (P>0.05) are found among people from different groups. In the survey for screening related knowledge, understanding of such knowledge is significantly higher than the comparison group(P>0.01), and the knowledge of comparison group A is higher than that of comparison group B. Conclusion The higher their knowledge in screening, the higher their compliance for screening.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have found that hyperuricemia and gout are closely correlated with the occurrence and development of diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases. It is of significance to investigate their prevalence so as to find way of early interventions.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of gout and hyperuricemia among residents above 20 years old in Shandong coastal area.DESIGN: A randomized, stratified cluster sampling survey.SETTING: Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: A random, stratified cluster sampling was conducted in Shandong coastal area including Qingdao,Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao and Dongying. Residents lived in these areas for 5 years or more, aged between 20 to 80 years, were selected, and they were surveyed by family as a unit.METHODS: A randomized, stratified cluster sampling survey was conducted. The prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia were investigated among about 5 000 residents in Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao and Dongying. The serum uric acid, lipids, glucose and creatinine were detected with Sysmex chemix-180 total automatic biochemical analyzer. Those with uric acid higher than reference level were reexamined by collecting fasting blood sample on the third day. The comparison between rates was taken with the Chi-square test, means between two groups with the t test, means between multiple groups with analysis of variance, correlation between dependent and independent variables with logistic regression analysis.MATN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalance of hyperuricemia; Level of serum uric acid; Prevalence of gout in patients with hyperuricemia; Influencing factor of hyperuricemia.RESULTS: This investigation planned to include 5 500 subjects while in fact 5 003 subjects were investigated and the response rate was 91%, in which males were 2 395 (47.87%) and females were 2 608 (52.13%). ① The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 13.19% with standardized rate of 13.27% according to the Shandong population in 2000; The pevalence was higher in males than in females (18.32%, 8.56%, x2=108.52, P＜ 0.01). The risk in males was 2.5 times higher than that in females (OR =2.5). The prevalence of gout was 1.14% with standardized rate of 1.10%; and the prevalence in males was higher than that in females (1.94%, 0.42%, x2=30.38, P ＜ 0.01). The risk in males was 5.3 times higher than that in females (OR =5.3). ②The average value of serum uric acid in normal males was higher than in normal females [(343.40±84.54), (258.90±70.90) μmol/L, t =48.03, P ＜ 0.01]. It was obviously higher in male patients with hyperuricemia than in female ones [(469.43±48.08), (399.73±104.91) μmol/L, t =11.70, P ＜ 0.01]. It was higher in male patients with gout than in female ones [(502.44±106.76), (403.48±52.72) μmol/L, t =2.07, P ＜ 0.05]. ③The prevalence of gout in patients with hyperuricemia was 8.34%. ④ The prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout were climbing up with age after 40 years old in females and those elder than 70 years old were of high risk; while in males,the prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout increased with age before 60 years old and those aged 50-59 years were of high risk, yet after 60 years, it climbed up with age again. Nevertheless, the mean ages of hyperuricemia and gout in females were older than male. The average episode ages of hyperuricemia and gout in females were later than in males respectively by 7.5 and 8.5 years. ⑤ Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that drinking frequency,drinking quantity, the quantity and frequency of seashell intake, BUN, Cr, TG, TC, BMI and WHR were the independent risk factors of male patients with hyperuricemia [OR =1.016-30.217, 95%C/ (1.010-1.023)-(9.955-214.869)]; while HDL-C and heavy physical labour were the protective factors (OR =0.492, 95%C/ 0.339-0.713; OR =0.755, 95% CI 0.575-0.991).As for females, age, hypertension, the quantity of seashell food intake, BUN, Cr, TG, WHR and light physical labour were the independent risk factors of hyperuricemia [OR =1.022-27.34, 95%CI (1.006-1.040)-(9.955-214.869)]. Similarly, HDL-C was a protective factor (OR =0.428, 95%CI0.223-0.820).CONCLUSION: ① The prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout are different between genders: ② The risk factors of hyperuricemia and gout among residents in Shandong coastal area include the high intake of marine products such as seashell foods, less physical activity, abdominal obesity and kidney insufficiency, as well as the existence of metabolic syndrome. Drinking is also involved in the increased prevalence in males, and age in females. ③ Higher risk for hyperuricemia and gout are noticed in all age groups in males, whereas in females after 50 years old.

Objective To investigate the effect of functional training on knee pain,functional movement screen (FMS) score and balance in Chinese elite fencing athletes with patellar tendinopathy.Methods Twenty-four fencing athletes with a diagnosed patellar tendinopathy were randomized into a treatment group (TG) and a control group (CG),each of 12.Both groups were given routine physical therapy,while TG received motor function training in addition for eight weeks.Both groups completed the numerical rating scale (NRS),FMS and balance test before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention,the average PRS and FMS of TG were 2.08± 1.24 and 16.25±0.97 respectively,which significantly outperformed those of TG before the intervention and those of CG after the intervention (P＜0.05).Moreover,TG indicated superior results in parameters of static postural balance including center of pressure,total length of swinging pathway,maximal length of swinging pathway,and area of swinging pathway when compared to TG before the intervention and CG after the intervention(P＜0.05).Conclusion The motor functiontraining is effective in improving functional movement and balance in elite fencing athletes with patellar tendinopathy.

BACKGROUND: Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) could stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts, keratinocyte and skin mucosae cells to different degrees.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of rhGM-CSF on the healing of drug exosmose induced skin ulcers.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from June to November 2004. Totally 20 male Kunming white mice, with body mass of 18 to 24 g, were chosen.METHODS: Prepared skin ulcers animal models were randomly divided into control group and treated group with 10 white mice in each group.Mice in the control group were given 1mg phentolamine ,20 mg lidocaine and 1mg dexamethasone diluted by normal saline to 0.5 mL ,then sealed up , once a day for 7 days; 25 μg rhGM-CSF was diluted by normal saline to 0.5 mL , then the solution was injected into the periphery of ulcers of mice in treated group , once every other day, for 7 days. Healing time and histological change of skin tissue at ulcer were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To observe the effect of rhGM-CSF on the healing time of drug exosmose induced skin ulcer and anabrosis and histological changeRESULTS: Totally 20 mice entered the stage of result analysis. ①Healing time: the healing time of ulcer and erosion was significantly longer in control group than in treated group [(20-24,8-12)d,t=2.264,P=0.01];②Histological observation: hyperplasia of granulation tissue was not obviously on 7 days after treatment in control group; Hyperplasia of granulation tissue appeared and the newly born blood vessel was abundant on 7 days after treatment in the treated group.CONCLUSION: rhGM-CSF can promote the wound healing of drug induced anabrosis and ulcer.