No abstract available.
Angioplasty* ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Veins*

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used to remove antibodies from the blood stream, thereby preventing them from attacking their targets. We evaluated the strategies to increase the efficiency of TPE for renal allograft recipients with HLA antibody. METHODS: A total of 11 patients were evaluated from January 2002 to April 2004. All the patients had been diagnosed with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and then they were scheduled for renal transplantation from a living unrelated donor or a living related donor. TPE was performed for all lymphocyte cross-matching (LCM) positive recipients before renal transplantation. One to three sessions of TPE were performed in 8 patients and four to seven sessions of TPE were performed in 3 patients (mean: 2.81 times). We used normal saline and 4% albumin as a replacement solution. RESULTS: Eleven patients, after the patients' LCM positive serum converted to negative, received the renal transplantation. Of the 11 recipients, only 1 recipient suffered from chronic rejection. Ten recipients maintained normal renal function. Among the 11 recipients, 4 recipients were diagnosed with posttransplantation diabetes mellitus. 3 recipients had a past history of graft failure via acute or chronic rejection. Even these 3 recipients experienced successful renal allograft through pre-transplantation TPE. Also, all the recipients were followed up until June, 2005. CONCLUSION: For ESRD patients with positive LCM, pre-transplantation TPE dramatically decreases the incidence of acute or chronic rejections by converting positive LCM into negative LCM.
Allografts* ; Antibodies ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Transplantation ; Lymphocytes ; Plasma Exchange* ; Plasma* ; Rivers ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; Unrelated Donors

Acute lung edema during anesthesia and operation is not common. We experienced a case of 7 year-old boy who developed acute lung edema during open reduction for his fractured lateral condyle of right humerus under general anesthesia with enflurane. In his previous history, we couldn't detect any abnormal finding that could induce lung edema intraoperatively. Preoperative routine laboratory findings and chest x-ray findings were within normal ranges. In the end of operation, increased airway resistance and sudden facial cyanosis were detected and he received immediate, careful supportive respiratory management. He improved from severe lung edema, but hypoxic brain damage and motor dysfunction resulted. We couldn't find any evidence that he had heart failure, hypoalbuminemia, sepsis, severe trauma, fluid overloading. Authors couldn't get exact causes of acute lung edema in this case.
Airway Resistance ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Brain ; Child ; Cyanosis ; Edema* ; Enflurane ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Humerus ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Hypoxia, Brain ; Lung* ; Male ; Reference Values ; Sepsis ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Glomerular Filtration Rate*