OBJECTIVE To discuss the management methods of sputum sample retained clinically based on the praxiology,and aim at improving the quality of the sputum retained. METHODS Through investigating the quality of sputum sample retained routinely from the department of internal medicine in a general hospital at the duration from Sep 2004 to Feb 2005,the intervention effect was evaluated by carrying out the measure of praxiology intervention. RESULTS The qualification rate was 23.7% for the sputum sample retained routinely from the hospital at the duration from Sep 2004 to Feb 2005,after carrying out the measure of praxiology intervention,the qualification rate was 30.1% at the duration from Apr 2005 to Aug 2005.Statistic data showed that there was no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS The quality of the sputum sample retained routinely is poor,and the measure of praxiology intervention failed to improve the quality of the sputum sample.Microscopy is the most important measure to ensure the quality of the sputum sample for the cytology test before cultivating the sample,and should be a routine test in hospital.The study on praxiology intervention will be further carried out in the future.

Objective To explore the application conditions of 22 S rule (one of the Westgard rules) in single concentration quali‐ty control .Methods The application scope of 22 S rule was used into the same batch detection of single‐concentration quality control materials .Results The 22 S rule improved the detection rate of system errors .Conclusion 22S rule should be applied to two detec‐tions within a batch when using one quality control material ,as to improve the detection of system error more efficiency .

Objective:To investigate the possible mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) secreting hepatocyte growth factor (HGF).Methods:① C57BL/6 mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSC) were cultured in vitro, and mMSC with high expression of chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) were transduced by lentivirus plasmid. Blank control group and empty carrier control group were set at the same time. After 20 generations of cell culture, the transfection efficiency was identified by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The mRNA expression levels of CXCR7 in mMSC were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ② mMSC with passage number 4-6 were divided into MSC control group [MSC-blank group, 100 μg/L lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was added to wild-type MSC], highly expressed CXCR7 group (MSC-OE-CXCR7 group, 100 μg/L LPS was added to mMSC transduced by lentivirus plasmid with high expression of CXCR7), highly expressed CXCR7 control group (MSC-OENC-CXCR7 group, 100 μg/L LPS was added to mMSC transduced by no load lentivirus plasmid), CXCR4 inhibitor group (MSC-IE-CXCR4 group, 100 μg/L LPS was added to mMSC after 0.1 mg/L CXCR4 inhibitor TC14012 pretreatment for 24 hours), and CXCR4 inhibitor control group (MSC-IENC-CXCR4 group, 100 μg/L LPS was added to mMSC after DMEM culture medium with equal amount of TC14012 pretreatment for 24 hours). Cells in each group were collected after treatment with LPS, and mRNA expression of inhibitor of differentiation-1 (ID-1) was detected by RT-PCR. The cell supernatant was collected, and the levels of HGF were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:① The high expression of CXCR7 for mMSC which were transduced through lentivirus plasmid were successfully constructed detected by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. Compared with the blank control group, the expression of CXCR7 mRNA in the lentivirus with high expression of CXCR7 group was significantly increased (2 -ΔΔCt: 5.81±0.97 vs. 1.02±0.12, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in CXCR7 mRNA expression between the empty carrier control group and the blank control group (2 -ΔΔCt: 0.95±0.22 vs. 1.02±0.12, P > 0.05). ②Compared with the MSC-blank group, high expression of CXCR7 in MSC-OE-CXCR7 group or inhibition of CXCR4 in MSC-IE-CXCR4 group could induce high expression of ID-1 mRNA in mMSC (2 -ΔΔCt: 5.56±0.66, 2.47±0.58 vs. 1.00±0.10, both P < 0.05) and increase HGF exocrine level (ng/L: 632.02±149.98, 217.21±40.53 vs. 108.53±24.62, both P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in ID-1 mRNA expression and HGF exocrine level of mMSC among MSC-OENC-CXCR7 group, MSC-IENC-CXCR4 group and MSC-blank group [ID-1 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 1.01±0.27, 1.21±0.32 vs. 1.00±0.10, HGF (ng/L): 133.56±25.19, 107.11±25.30 vs. 108.53±24.62, both P > 0.05]. Conclusion:High expression of CXCR7 or inhibition of CXCR4 in MSC can increase the expression of ID-1 and promote the secretion of HGF, thus promoting pulmonary microvascular endothelial repair.

Pyroptosis ; Ketoglutaric Acids ; Gasdermins ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism* ; Caspases/metabolism* ; Inflammasomes/metabolism*

OBJECTIVETo explore the value of of CD, MPO, Ki-67, C-MYC positive rates in the pathological tissues and C-MYC gene of patients with T-LBL/ALL for predicting Prognosis.

METHODSNinty cases of T-LBL/ALL patients in our hospital were selected and included in the T-LBL/ALL group, and 30 cases of lymphnode reactive hyperplasia were selected as control group. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the changes of CD, MPO, Ki-67 and C-MYC positive rate in 2 groups, and the changes of C-MYC gene were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

RESULTSIn 90 patients with T-LBL/ALL, there were CD1a34 cases (37.8%), CD367 cases (74.4%), epsilon CD347 cases (52.2%), CD785 cases (94.4%), CD1033 cases (36.7%), CD3422 cases (24.4%), CD4348 cases (53.3%), CD45RO46 cases (51.1%), CD9988 cases (97.8%), TDT85 cases (94.4%); and CD23, CD20, and MPO all were negative; Ki-67>80% 47 cases (52.2% cases), Ki-67≤80%, 43 cases (47.8%). In 90 T-LBL/ALL patients, the positive rate of C-MYC (66.7%) was significantly higher than the control group (positive rate 0.0%) (P< 0.05); the Ki-67 index, mediastinal widening of T-LBL/ALL patients and the positive rate of C-MYC positively were correlated (P< 0.05). The overall survival rate (44.0%) of C-MYC negative patients was significantly higher than that of C-MYC positive patients (0.0%). The overall survival rate of C-MYC negative patients was significantly higher than that of C-MYC positive patients (P< 0.05).Ann Arbor staging, LDH, bone marrow involvement, mediastinal widening, Ki-67 positive index, and C-MYC protein expression of patients with T-LBL/ALL did not correlated with increased C-MYC gene breakage and copy number (P> 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe overall survival rate of C-MYC positive patients decreases, which positively correlates with Ki-67 positive index and mediastinal width, suggesting that the prognosis of the patients with C-MYC protein expression is poorer.

OBJECTIVETo systematically observe the clinical effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at the stable stage, differentiated as cold phlegm blocking the lung type, treated with acupoint sticking therapy during the dog days and the three nine-day periods after the winter solstice so as to propose the latest clinical idea and theoretic evidence for the treatment of COPD.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty cases of COPD at stable stage, which were in accordance with the inclusive standard were randomly divided into three groups, named group A (treatment in dog days and the three nine-day periods after the winter solstice), group B (treatment in dog days) and group C (treatment in the three nine-day periods after the winter solstice), 50 cases in each group. The ingredients (Semen Brassicae, Euphoribia Kansui, Asarum, Rhizome Corydalis, Cinnamon, ginger juice) and doses of herbal medicine plaster were same in each group. The herbal plaster was applied to Feishu (BL 13), Shenshu (BL 23), Dazhui (GV 14), Tiantu (CV 22), Danzhong (CV 17) and Zhongfu (LU 1). In group B, the treatment was given once on the 1st day of each dog-day period, totally 3 treatments were included. In group C, the treatment was given once on the 1st day of each nine-day periods after the winter solstice, totally, 3 treatments were involved. In group A, the treatment was given once on the 1st day of each dog-day period and each nine-day periods after the winter solstice separately, totally 6 treatments were required. The therapeutic effect was evaluated in 4 aspects, named comprehensive clinical efficacy, survival quality (the scores for symptoms, activity limitation and influence on daily life), the attach frequency and pulmonary function.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 88.0% (46/50) in group A, which was superior to 76.0% (38/50) in group B and 70.0% (35/50) in group C separately (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). The results of the attack frequency, clinical symptom score and pulmonary function indices after treatment were all improved apparently as compared with those before treatment in each group (all P < 0.01). All the above indices in group A were improved much apparently as compared with the other two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). Except for the level of forced vital capacity (FVC), the results of clinical symptom score and the other pulmonary function indices in group B were all improved significantly as compared with group C (P < 0.05, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONAcupoint sticking therapy during different season of the year achieves a superior clinical efficacy for the patients with COPD at stable stage. This therapy can reduce the attack frequency and improve the survival quality and pulmonary function for the patients. It is concluded that the efficacy of the treatment in dog days and the three nine-day periods after the winter solstice is superior to simple dog-day treatment and the treatment in the three nine-day periods after the winter solstice, and the efficacy of dog days treatment is better than that in the three nine-day periods after the winter solstice.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucus ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Seasons ; Vital Capacity

This paper discussed the processing methods of Pinelliae Rhizoma in the successive dynasties by consulting ancient and modern books, literature and related codes. The processing methods of Pinelliae Rhizoma has experienced various historical periods. Since the processing method of Pinelliae Rhizoma processed by slicing appeared in the Huangdi Neijing, there have been a series of different processing methods and requirements are founded, such as cleansing, cutting, decocting and so on. Among them, the raw Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine, Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Alumine are still in use today and are widely used. However, there are differences in the processing methods, accessories and their dosages of these various processed products in different dynasty. The processing technology and quality standard of Pinelliae Rhizoma need to be further standardization.

Chinese medicine prescription is the main form and means to treat diseases in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the disjointing situation is generally present between "systemic" and "local", "macro" and "micro", " process" and "activity evaluation" in the study of TCM at present. An urgent task for the modernization of TCM is to establish new strategies and methods which can reflect the overall characteristics of TCM. The introduction of integrative pharmacology provided a feasible approach to solve the problem of the fragmentation of TCM. Internet-based computation platform method was adopted in this study to explore the active molecular mechanism of Yinchenhao decoction in the treatment of cirrhosis. Based on the analysis of the functional integration of Internet-based Computation Platform V1.0 version software, the "core components-key target- main pathway" multidimensional network of Yinchenhao decoction in treatment of cirrhosis disease was constructed to explore the potential molecular mechanism of Yinchenhao decoction in treatment of cirrhosis from multiple perspectives. The molecular mechanism analysis of Yinchenhao decoction showed that Yinchenhao decoction can achieve the therapeutic effect on cirrhosis and the mechanism might be associated with oxidative phosphorylation, energy metabolism, circulatory system, glycerophospholipid metabolis, lipid metabolism and other pathways. Yinchenhao decoction in treatment of cirrhosis may be associated with energy metabolism and lipid metabolism.

At present, the disjointing situation is generally present between "systemic"and "local", "macro" and "micro", " process" and "activity evaluation" in the study of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). An urgent task for the modernization of TCM is to establish new strategies and methods which can reflect the overall characteristics of TCM. The introduction of integrative pharmacology provided a feasible approach to solve the problem of the fragmentation of TCM. Internet-based computation platform method was adopted in this study to explore the active molecular mechanism of Mylabris in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Based on the analysis of the functional integration of internet-based computation platform V1.0 version software, the "core components-key target- main pathway" multidimensional network of Mylabris in treatment of colorectal cancer disease was constructed to explore the potential molecular mechanism of Mylabris in treatment of colorectal cancer from multiple perspectives. The results showed that Mylabris can treat the colorectal cancer and the mechanism might be associated with amino acid metabolism, NF-κB signaling pathway, immune system, endocrine system, nervous system, and chemokine signal transduction pathway, epithelial cell signaling in helicobacter pylori infection, T cell receptor signaling pathway, B cell receptor signaling pathway and so on.

Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, ZR) and Jiangtan (Carbonized Zingiberis Rhizoma, CZR) have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with a rich history in the treatment of various ailments. While ZR and CZR obviously stem from the same botanical source, their attributes, chemical compositions, pharmacological behaviors, and clinical applications are different owing to variations in the extent of drying and processing they undergo. In this paper, data pertaining to ZR and CZR were retrieved from databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. These sources were scrutinized to elucidate the distinctions between ZR and CZR arising from carbonization processing in terms of their ethnopharmacology, quality control, chemical compositions, biological activities, pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical uses. In this study, a total of 56 chemical constituents were identified and isolated from ZR and CZR, which primarily encompassed volatile oils, gingerols, and diphenylheptane compounds. CZR's pharmacological effects include hemostatic, anti-oxidant, analgesic, antibacterial, anti-cancer, and other biological activities. ZR has pungent and warm properties. It is a Yang-supplementing herbal medicine for ailments exacerbated by cold or damp climatic influences. CZR is a product of ZR after undergoing high temperature, with diminished intensity of its pungent and warm attributes. This change leads to a more gradual treatment efficacy, renowned hemostatic effects and its ability to gently invigorate the spleen and effectively alleviate diarrhea. Currently, research on the pharmacological mechanism of CZR is mainly focused on the effects of CZR on coagulation and fibrinolysis. Although the healing effect of CZR has long been known, and some correlation has been found between the changing composition and the changing color of the decoctions, people still lack relatively clear processing mechanisms to reflect the characteristics and specific quality standards of the ingredients of CZR's hemostatic effect. This review provides a systematic summary on quality control, chemical composition, ethnopharmacology, and pharmacology of CZR, offering novel perspectives for advancing the exploration of additional carbonized herbal medicine and fostering their application in clinical settings