Objective:To investigate gut barrier dysfunction and bacterial translocation (BT) in patients who underwent digestive tract reconstruction and to study the relationship between BT and acute systemic inflammatory state (SIRS). Method： Sixty patients who underwent selective digestive tract reconstruction were observed. Blood were collected before surgery and 1, 3, 5 days after surgery to detect plasma diamine oxidase(DAO) and bacterial DNA. PCR analysis was performed with β-Galactosidase gene of Eschenchia coli and 16SrRNA gene as target gene. The SIRS of all the patients were observed for 10 days. Result：All the PCR results before operation were negative, while there was positive in 14 patients after digestive tract reconstruction. There were 23 patients with SIRS after surgery, and 12 patients PCR result were positive among 23 patients with SIRS. 85.7% of the patients(12/14) with positive PCR result had SIRS, while 23.9% patients (11/46) with negative PCR result had SIRS (P<0.01).The positive PCR rate in SIRS was 52.2% (12/23), which was remarkably higher than that without SIRS(5.4%, 2/37, P<0.01).The levels of plasma DAO in patients with positive PCR result was significantly higher than those of the patients with negative PCR result (P<0.01). The levels of plasma DAO in patients with SIRS was significantly higher than those of patients without SIRS (P<0.01). Conclusion:The gut barrier dysfunction was closely related to BT, and BT was closely related to postoperative SIRS. PCR analysis can be used in early diagnosis of BT, the positive PCR result might be a useful early warning sign of postoperative SIRS.

Animals ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Discriminant Analysis ; Fatty Liver ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Metabolomics

Objective To investigate association of the ER22/23EK polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor gene(GR) with natural longevity in the XinJiang Uygur nationality people and the race difference.Methods One hundred and nintyone healthy individuals over 90 years old from Uighur people were recruited as the longevity group at the same time,82 Han nationality people aged between 65～70 who immigrated in Xinjiang Hetian for more than 30 years were randomly selected and investigated.Genotyping was performed by PCR-SSP,PCR-RELP and PCR-sequencing.ResultsThe frequencies of ER22/23EK alleles and genotypes showed no significant difference between the longevity group and the controls in Uygur,but the carriers of ER22/23EK of GR gene in Xinjiang Han old folkswere significantly more than those in Uygurs,the frequencies of WM, MM genotypes and M allele were significantly higher in Han nationality,while the frequencies of WW genotype and W allele were significant lower.Conclusion There is possibly no association between ER22/23EK polymorphism and XinJiang Uygur natural longevity,but there are significant differences between the two ethnic groups.

Bacterial Infections ; diagnosis ; urine ; Colorimetry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritonitis ; diagnosis ; urine ; Urinalysis ; methods

Trihydroxybenzoic acid dimmer is an anti-tumor compound which is separated from water-caltrop. This study is aimed to investigate its anti-proliferation effect on HL-60 cells and the possible mechanism of inducing apoptosis. MTT assay was used to test HL-60 cells proliferation. The apoptosis, ROS levels and the mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry. Cytochrome c released from mitochondria to cytosol fraction was detected by Western blotting. The activity of Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 were measured by colorimetric method. It was found to inhibit HL-60 cells proliferation in a dose and time-dependent manner. Compared with control group, it caused the increase of ROS levels and a concomitant dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and induced cytosolic accumulation of cytochrome c and activities Caspase-9 and Caspase-3. Therefore it can be concluded that mitochondrial-dependent pathways was involved in its induction of apoptosis of HL-60 cells.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Gallic Acid ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; physiology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo extract the volatile components of water caltrop and kernel and to analyze them.

METHODThe volatiles were separated by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and determined by GC-MS.

RESULTThe extraction rates of water caltrop and kernel were 5.96% and 0.23%, respectively. The components determined by normalization method were mainly 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z), but the content was different.

CONCLUSIONThe researches showed that the components in the volatile components of water caltrop and kernel were mainly 12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z), and then palmitinic acid, with a higher extraction rate of caltrop.

Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid ; methods ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Linoleic Acid ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Lythraceae ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Palmitic Acid ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry

Hepatorenal Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Prognosis

Silymarin is a traditional hepatoprotective herb for the adjuvant therapy of liver diseases, which shows marked pharmacological activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This paper introduces the action mechanism of silymarin in regulating liver function, ameliorating hepatic fibrosis, protecting pancreatic cells, suppressing the growth of tumor cells, and inhibiting the replication of hepatitis C virus. Silymarin is considered to be a natural medicine with little toxic or side effect at a high dose. It holds promise for anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral application.

With the development and launch of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) in the world in recent years, therapeutic regimens for chronic hepatitis C are constantly evolving. DAAs will also be launched in China in the near future. DAAs mainly target at the non-structural proteins of HCV and can inhibit HCV RNA replication. This article introduces the targets, mechanism of action, and resistance characteristics of different DAAs, as well as their current research and development in China and the results of phase Ⅲ clinical studies, in order to provide a reference for combined therapeutic strategies with DAAs in the treatment for chronic hepatitis C.

Liver cirrhosis is a common digestive disease in China with serious consequences in clinical practice. There are many causes of liver cirrhosis, and in clinical practice, liver cirrhosis is classified into compensated and decompensated liver cirrhosis. Prevention and control of the progression of liver cirrhosis to decompensated liver cirrhosis is of great significance for patients in the early stage of liver cirrhosis. This article reviews the major aspects in the prevention of decompensated liver cirrhosis.