The paper is to report the results of observations of the relation of analgesia induced by electric stimulation of the hippocampus with the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG).The tail flick and vocalization in response to the electric stimulation of the tail skin were used as indices of pain response.The results were as follows.1.The tail-flick threshold produced by electric stimulation of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus and especially the PAG with the same strength of electric current was significantly increased.2.The vocalization threshold induced by the same strength of electric stimulation of the dorsal hippocampus and the PAG was markedly elevated.The stimulation of the dorsal hippocampus elicited more marked response than that of the PAG.The stimulation of the ventral hippocampus induced a far much weaker response than that of both the docsal hippocampus and PAG.3.On the after-effect of analgesia induced by PAG stimulation,the vocalization threshold of dorsal hippocampus stimulation was elevated far more marked than the simple stimulation of the dorsal hippocampus could induce and vice versa.4.The tail-flick and vocalization threshold induced by dorsal hippocampus stimulation,was significantly reduced after the PAG was electrically destroyed.These results show that there is a synergistic action between the analgesic effects produced by the stimulation of the PAG and by stimulation of the dorsal hippocampus,and the analgesic action of the dorsal hippocampus stimulation is completed partly through PAG.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of artesunate(ART) on free Ca2+ concentration([Ca2+]i) in human prostatic cancer PC-3 cells.METHODS:PC-3 cells were treated with ART and labeled using Ca2+ fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM,and the change of[Ca2+]i was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy.RESULTS:After PC-3 cells were exposed to artesunate,the intracellular [Ca2+]i concentration increased significantly at 0～0.5 h,maintained at a high level at 0.5～1 h,but decreased to the level of the initial at 4～24 h. CONCLUSION:ART can induce the marked sustained increase of[Ca2+]i and [Ca2+]i might play an important role in ART-induced apoptosis of human PC-3 cells.

Twenty six Wistar rats were divided into three groups: (1) Exposed towhole body blasts, (2) Exposed to head blasts and (3) Control group. The blast wave was gener-ated by compressed air operated shock tube. The purpose of this study was to observe theeffect of blast injury on conditional avoidance response (CAR) in rats. The results wereas follow: (1) After exposured, decreasing of acquisition of CAR was observed in bothblast groups within 5 days (P0.05). (3) The retention of CAR of group 2 is significantly lower than that of controls(P

Arginine-8-vasopressin (AVP) could promote the acquisition of shuttle-box passive avoidance behavior and delay the extinction of the behavior when injected into the hippocampus of rats.Intrahippocampal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) prevented AVP from enhancing memory.The authors had also observed that AVP could accelerate the degradation of cate-cholamine in the hippocampus when the contents of monoamine transmitters and their metabolites were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. These facts suggest that vasopressin promotes the shuttle-box passive avoidance behavior in rats,strcnthens long-term memory as well as short-term memory,and exerts its effect on memory through its enhancing the degradation of norepinephrine and/or dopamine in the hippocampus.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of celecoxib in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and its ef-fects on patin degree. METHODS:One hundred and twenty cases of knee osteoarthritis were selected from our hospital during Jan. 2014 to Jan. 2016,and then divided into control group and observation group according to therapy plan,with 60 cases in each group. Control group was given Ibuprofen sustained-release capsule 0.3 g,bid;observation group was additionally given lornoxi-cam 8 mg,bid,on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. VAS score was compared between 2 groups before and after treatment,and clinical efficacy and the occurrence of ADR were observed in 2 groups. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in VAS score between 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05). After treatment,VAS score of 2 groups were de-creased significantly,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Clinical response rate of observation group was 95.0%,which was significantly higher than 75.0% of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). The incidence of ADR was 3.33% in observation group,which was significantly lower than 11.67% of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Lornoxicam is effective for knee osteoarthritis and can significantly improve pain with good safety.

The effects of the destruction of the periaqueductal gray matter(PAG)on the memory-enhancement by intraperitoneal injection of arginine vasopressin(AVP)were observed in rats.Rats with either sham lesions or electrolytic destruction of the bilateral PAG were trained in a shuttle box for active avoidance response(AAR).After the rats met the criterion of 80% correctness,an intraperitoneal injection of 6?g/kg of AVP or 0.2ml of saline was given.Extinction of AAR was assessed in the rats.It was found that AVP markedly retarded the extinction of AAR in rats with sham lesion,and the extinction of the rats with destroyed PAG was significantly faster than that of the rats with sham lesion.The above mentioned findings suggest that AVP can act on the central nervous system to enhance memory mediated probably through PAG.This observation provides further support for the suggestion that certain limbic midebrain structures are involved in the memory enhancement by AVP.

The role of beta-adrenoceptors in acquisition of learning facilitated by ACTH was observed when the conditioned avoidance response in a shuttle-box was employed as an index of acquisition of learning in rats.The findings were as follows: (1) The conditioned avoidance response increased after behavioral training in a shuttle box was more pronounced in the ACTH group than in the normal saline group (P

To propose a new pattern for quality control and evaluation of Chinese materia medica(CMM).The limitation of quality control pattern for CMM was investigated and a new method for quality evaluation has been explored and designed,combining with the introduction on the conception of matter-element evaluation model and its application to product quality evaluation in value engineering,as well as the research survey on the spectrum-activity relationship of CMM.The new method for quality evaluation referred to the results of research concerning the spectrum-activity relationship of CMM.Taking the quality grade,quality index,and chemical composition of CMM as matter-elements,the evaluated grades and tested data were normalized to establish the matter-element model.With the establishment of the improved quality control method,which is in accordance with the basic characteristics of CMM,it is expected that the safety,efficiency,and quality stability of CMM could be ensured and a new scientific research strategy and technological support could be provided to promote the modernization of CMM.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of total saponins of Panax japonicus (TSPJ) on human leukemic HL-60 cells. METHODS: Human leukemic HL-60 cells were cultured in vitro. The cancer cell vigor was detected by using cell counting kit-8. Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) was used for measuring cell reduction. The cell cycle and the expression of differentiation antigen CD11b were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group, TSPJ in different concentrations could decrease the vigor of HL-60 cells and the number of cells in S phase and up-regulate the CD11b expression, while the numbers of NBT positive cells and cells in G(0)/G(1) phase in the different concentrations of TSPJ-treated groups were increased. CONCLUSION: TSPJ can inhibit the HL-60 cell growth in vitro. Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting proliferation and inducing cell differentiation and cycle arrest.

Objective:To explore the changes in somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI) and the effects of relieving spinal cord compression at different times on recovery and the evoked potential.Methods:Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group of 10 and an experimental group of 60. The experimental group was further divided into a mild injury group of 10, a moderate injury group of 40 and a severe injury group of 10. Spinal cord injuries with different severities were established in the experimental group using a self-made percussion device. The rats′ SEPs were measured before the injury, and 5 minutes, 1 hour, 6 hours, 3 days and 7 days afterward. Some of the rats receiving decompression treatment.Results:The more seriously the spinal cord was injured, the longer was the latency and the smaller was the amplitude. Both differences were statistically significant. Rats with longer compression time had significantly longer incubation periods and greater decreases in the amplitude. After relieving the compression, rats from whom it had been relieved earlier had quicker amplitude recovery. For rats under compression for 30 minutes, their amplitude was the lowest seven days later.Conclusions:For spinal cord injury, longer compression time can lead to more significant changes in the latency and amplitude of SEP, with the change in the amplitude more significant than that in the latency.