Fraction F3-3-3 of glycosaminoglycan was isolated from the leftover bits of Bay scallop Argopecten irradiaus . Infrared spectra of F3-3-3 was similar to that of heparin. Agarose gel electrophoresis of this fraction was performed in the system of barbital buffer (0. 06 mol/L,pH 8. 6). It was found that F3-3-3 showed single band in the electrophoresis. Compared with the agarose gel electrophoresis of standard glycosaminoglycan, such as heparin, hyaluronic acid and chondroitin 6-sulfate, it indicated that the relative migration rate of the fraction was close to that of heparin.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological situation and the mode of inheritance of ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Methods The AS prevalence investigation was carried out from three different areas in Shandong Province to investigate the incidence of the 80 patients' family members of sick group and calculate the heritability of AS.Results After the investigation and calculation we found the incidence of primary relatives was 7.23％,the heritability was 85.94％,the incidence of secondary relatives was 0.94％ and the heritability was 57.4％,the incidence of thirdly relatives was 0.39％,the heritability is 36.2％,the average heritability among primary,secondary and thirdly was 68.47％ ± 1.64％.Separation ratio was 0.088 9.Conclusion AS is a polygenic disease,its average heritability was 68.47％ ± 1.64％ and separation ratio is 0.088 9.By this research,the incidence risk of AS patients' pedigree offspring can be assessed,then strengthen protective factors to reduce the incidence of the disease to provide the basis for eugenics.

Objective To compare effects between laparoscopic operation and laparotomy in the treatment of acute colonic perforation, and to explore the safety of laparoscopic surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 42 cases of acute colonic perforation treated in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2014, including 22 cases of laparoscopic surgery and 20 cases of traditional open surgery.The surgical treatment effects were compared between the two groups. Results As compared with the open group, the laparoscopic group had shorter operation time [(160.5 ±25.4) min vs.(210.3 ±45.6) min, t=-4.426, P=0.000], less amount of blood loss [(112 ±21) ml vs.(220 ±53) ml, t=-8.834, P=0.000], earlier enterostomy exhaust time [(4.2 ±1.2) d vs.(7.3 ±3.4) d, t=-4.016, P=0.000], less pulmonary infections [9.1% (2/22) vs.40.0%(8/20),χ2 =3.945, P=0.047], shorter total hospitalization time [(10.3 ±2.6) d vs.(15.6 ±2.4) d, t=-6.839, P=0.000], and lower costs of hospitalization [(2.26 ±0.45) ×104 yuan vs.(3.16 ±0.38) ×104 yuan, t=-6.966, P=0.000]. There was no significant difference in the perioperative mortality and wound infection rate between the two groups (P >0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery for acute colonic perforation has advantages of little surgical trauma, less bleeding, quick postoperative intestinal function recovery, low pulmonary infection rate, short hospitalization time, and low hospitalization costs, being an effective, safe, and feasible method worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective: To investigate the changes of neuronal apoptosis induced by ischemia reperfusion in gerbil hippocampus CA 1 after hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) treatment, and to study the effects of HBO on the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Methods: Ischemia reperfusion model of gerbil was established. The effects of HBO treatment for 3 succesive days on neuronal apoptosis of hippocampus CA 1 were examined using H E and TUNEL staining methods. Results: The number of neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus CA 1 was significantly decreased in HBO treatment groups ( P

Objective To assess health-related quality of life and the mood disorder in adults with epilepsy,and to evaluate factors contributing to the quality of life.Methods Quality of life was measured by the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory(QOLIE-31)and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-Bref(WHOQOL-BREF).Psychotic conditions were evaluated by Self-rating Depressive Scale (SDS)and Self-rating Anxious Seale(SAS).The multivariate analysis was used to assess the determinant factors.Results The study included 141 epilepsy patients in the teat group and 59 sex,age,and education matched normal controls. WHOQOL-BREF scores in the physical and psychological aspects were significantly lower in epilepsy patients(12.7 ±1.8 and 12.4±1.9,respectively)than those in the normal controls(15.1 ±2.3 and 13.9 ±1.9,respectively,t value were 11.75 and 8.625.both P<0.05).The survey reported that 57.4 % of the epilepsy patients suffered with depression.and 39.7 % anxiety.The patients with both anxiety and depression scored lower in all aspects in QOLIE survey except medical effect.Multivariate analysis showed that factors that effect the overall quality of life in order were anxiety.depression and disease duration.Conclusion Our results support that complications of anxiety and depression and long disease duration are key factors affecting the quality of life in epilepsy patients.

We analyzed the final test paper of Endodontics among the 2001th grade students of the seven-year-educational mode in our university.The results indicate that the test paper has standard form,reasonable distribution of content,moderate quantity of questions and comprehensive test items.showing that most students mastered the basic principles and knowledge of this course,reflecting satisfactory teaching effect.

Objective To investigate the influence of prepubertal exposure to estradiol benzoate (EB)in the male reproductive system of the rats and the natural process of tissue repair,and to clarify the possible mechanism of the reproductive toxicity of exogenous estrogen.Methods Ninety 2 1-day-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups (low dose of EB group and high dose of EB group,n=30)and control group (n=30). The rats in the experimental groups were injected with EB dissolved in peanut oil at 15(low dose of EB group)and 15 000μg·kg-1 (high dose of EB group)respectively,the rats in control group received equal vehicle injection only,once every other day for two weeks from postnatal day(PND)21 to 34.All of them were normally fed after the drug usage was stopped.The testes were harvested at the stages of PND 60 and PND 125(n=15 at each stage).The serum levels testosterone of (T),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),prolactin (PRL)and estradiol(E2)of the rats in various groups were detected with radioimmunology method and the weights of the rats in various groups were recorded;the histological changes of the testes tissue were observed with light microscope.Results On PND60,compared with control group,the T levels in low dose of EB group and high dose of EB group were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the FSH,LH and E2 levels were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the PRL levels had no change(P>0.05);the weights of testes were decreased(P<0.01);the histological changes of the testes of the rats in experimental groups included seminiferous tubules maldevelopment, decreased cell number of seminiferous epithelia.Compared with low dose of EB group,the T and FSH levels in high dose of EB group were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01),the E2 and LH levels were increased(P<0.01),the PRL level had no change (P>0.05 ), and the weight of testes was decreased (P<0.01 );the diameters of seminiferous tubules were smaller,there was no sperm in high dose of EB group while there were a few sperms in low dose of EB group.On PND125,compared with control group,the T,FSH and PRL levels in low dose of EB group and high dose of EB group were decreased(P<0.01),the E2 levels were increased (P<0.01);the LH level in low dose of EB group was increased(P<0.05),the LH level in high dose of EB group was decreased(P<0.01), and the weights of testes in high dose of EB group were decreased(P<0.01);the diameters of seminiferous tubules and the cell number of seminiferous epithelia were increased but not apparent change.Compared with low dose of EB group,the T,LH levels in high dose of EB group were decreased (P<0.01),the E2 and FSH levels were increased(P<0.01),the PRL level had no change(P>0.05),and the weight of testes was decreased(P<0.01);there was still no sperm in high dose of EB group, the number of sperms was increased in low dose of EB group, but it was still lower than that in control group.Conclusion EB is harmful to the reproductive system and can change the normal serum sex hormone levels,even induces the irreversible injury.

Objective: To study the effects of rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) deprivation on active behavior and the expression of mRNA coding for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) of hypothalamus in rats. Methods: The flower pot technique was adopted to deprive the REMS of Sprague Dawley rats for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h respectively. The active behavior of rats were examined by the open field test (OFT). The expression of mRNA coding for iNOS of hypothalamus in rats was assayed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results: The OFT scores were significantly increased in rats subjected to 24 h and 48 h REMS deprivation ( P 0.05). There was no difference in the expression of iNOS mRNA among 24 h, 48 h REMS deprivation and the control groups, but the expression was significantly increased in 72 h REMS deprivation group ( P

Objective To investigate the effect of fresh apple pulp on abdominal distention and constipation in patients with tube feeding.Methods 62 patients with tube feeding were divided into the observation group(n=31) and control group(n=31) randomly.The patients in the observation group were given routine enteral nutrition and fresh apple pulp,while those in the control group were given the routine enteral nutrition and rice soup.Results 3 cases developed abdominal distention in the observation group,but 10 cases in the control group(P<0.05).4 cases developed constipation in the observation group,but 12 cases in the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,the duration of abdominal distention and constipation significantly decreased in the observation group compared with those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Fresh apple pulp can prevent and reduce abdominal distention and constipation in patients with tube feeding.

Objective To study the relationship between the variation of the 20 exon of leptin receptor (LEPR) and lipid metabolism of the children with obesity. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used to analyze the variation of the 20 exon of the LEPR gene of the obesity group (120 obese children) and the control group (120 healthy children). Their serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), height, weight measured and the body mass index (BMI), fat percent (%fat) were calculated. Results 3 genotypes of the 20 exon of LEPR gene has been detected. Compared with the control group, the frequency of the gene variation at 3057 nucleotide G→A transversion is higher (P<0.05).The concentration of the serum TG, the level of BMI and %fat of the obese children with A/A genotype were higher than that with the G/G genotype (P<0.01),but the level of the serum HDL was lower (P<0.01).To the children with A/G genotype, only their TG level in serum are higher than that with the G/G genotype (P<0.05). Conclusion There is polymorphism at 20 exon LEPR gene in children with obesity, which may affect the lipid metabolism and the fat distribution. The obese children with A/A genotype should pay more attention to their diet to avoid some diseases followed obesity.