Retinopathy of prematurity( ROP),a leading cause of childhood visual impairment,is a vascular proliferative retinopathy in premature infants. Although the hallmark of ROP is abnormal retinal vasculature, a growing body of research in animals and observations in patients support a critical role for the neural retina in the ROP disease process. ROP can affect the foundation of the retina and optical nerve during the development duration in childhood, presenting with abnormalities in electroretinogram and multifocal electroretinogram. In addition,it was found that ROP has different degrees of influence on the development of the dioptric system ,which will result in refractive error as the child progress to adulthood. The relationship of the electrophysiology features or refractive abnormality and ROP was summarized in this article.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; complications ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; complications ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Humans

Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemophilia A ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Rituximab

Objective To describe the current status of adult overweight and obesity in urban and suburb areas of Tianjin.Methods 2 283 adult people including 1 131 from urban and 1 152 from suburb were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling.The waist circumference,weight and height of the subjects were measured.Then the BMI was calculated.Results The mean BMI of adult people in Tianjin was 25.05?5.02 kg/m2,the overweight rate was 36.9%,the obesity rate was 20.0% and the abdominal obesity rate was 63.9%.The prevalent rates of overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity in different age groups showed significant differences.The rates of overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity increased with ages in urban area.The overweight rate in 40～49 yrs and the obesity rate in 50～59 yrs reached their peak values in suburb.Besides the overweight rate in urban was significantly higher,the obesity rate and abdominal obesity rate were no significant differences between urban and suburb.The prevalent rates of overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity showed no significant differences between the adult male and female in Tianjin,but the prevalent rates of obesity and abdominal obesity in female were significantly higher than those in male in the suburb.The prevalence of obesity in the middle-ages showed significant differences between different occupational population,the retired taking the highest while the workers taking the lowest value.The prevalence of obesity showed no significant differences between population with different education background and different income situation.Conclusion The rates of adult overweight and obesity in Tianjin were higher than those of all over the country in 2002,and the abdomen obesity reached to 63.9%.Intervention should be taken to change this situation as soon as possible.

A xylanase producing strain was screened with xylan as the only carbon source. The strain was identified as Streptomyces cirratus. The effects of different factore on the enzyme production were studied. Corncobs xylan (water insoluble) and tryptone were the best C and N sources, respectively. The enzyme activity was increased to about 2.5 times by addition of 0.5% Tween 80 in the medium. The highest xylanase activity was up to 623u/mL.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the characteristics and regular pattern of the adverse drug reactions(ADR) in our hospital.METHODS: A total of 314 ADR case reports collected by ADR monitoring center in our hospital during 2007 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS: 13 categories(178 kinds) of drugs and 338 cases were involved in the total 314 ADR case reports,mainly anti-infective agents(128 cases,38 kinds) and Chinese drugs preparation(51 cases,20 kinds).The ADR were manifested chiefly as lesions of skin and its appendants(134 cases) followed by gastro-intestinal lesion(56 cases).The patients showed a favorable turn and the death occurred in only 1 case.CONCLUSION: More attention should be paid to the monitoring of rational drug use to avoid or reduce the incidence of ADR.

Objective To investigate the effects of Qibai Pingfei Capsules(QPC) on the expression of monoamine neurotransmitters of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor(5-HT) and dopamine(DA) receptors of DA1 and DA5 in the rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accompanied with depression, and to explore the possible therapeutic mechanism. Methods Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely normal group, COPD depression group, QPC group, Venlafaxine group, and QPC plus Venlafaxine group. The rat model of COPD accompanied with depression was established by compound methods of smoking, food deprivation, water deprivation, forced swimming, shaking, and clipping tail. And then the effects of QPC on the lung function and the general characteristics were observed. Furthermore, the mRNA level of 5-HT1AR was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR), and protein levels of DA-1 and DA-5 in rat hippocampus were assayed by Western blot analysis. Results Compared with the normal group, forced expiratory volume in 0.3 second(FEV0.3), the forced volume capacity(FVC) and FEV0.3/ FVC in the COPD depression group were significantly reduced (P < 0.01). Compared with the COPD depression group, the values mentioned above were restored to different extents in the groups of QPC, Venlafaxine, and QPC plus Venlafaxine(P<0.01). Compared with the normal group, the expression levels of 5-HT1AR mRNA, and DA-1 and DA-5 protein in the COPD depression group were significantly down-regulated, and their levels were also slightly decreased in the treatment groups(P<0.05). Compared with the COPD depression group, the expression levels were up-regulated to various degrees in all of the treatment groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion QPC can increase the mRNA levels of 5-HT1AR and protein levels of DA-1 and DA-5 in the hippocampus of COPD with depression.

Objective To explore a better method to diagnose the brachial plexus injury as pre-or post-ganglionic,which is quick,simple,quantitative,cheap and accurate.Methods Forty-five SD rats were divided randomly ino pre-or post-ganglionic brachial plexus injury models group,and the choline acetyl- transferase(CHAT)activity was detected by using the radioisotope after different days.Results The ChAT activity of two groups both fall day by day:in the pre-agnglionic group,it falls quickly,and reach 1/10 of nor- mal(675?258)cpm;in the post-ganglionic group,it falls slowly,and reach 1/2 of normal even after 90 days (4906?1119)cpm.Conclusion Intra-operative measure of ChAT can be used to differentiate pre-or post- ganglionic brachial plexus injury.

Accidents, Occupational ; Acute Disease ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning

Background Fibrin glue has been utilized to adhere the graft during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Several relevant clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) and retrospective studies have been published abroad,but the samples for its effectiveness and safety issue of fibrin glue and suture are still underinvestigation.Objective Current study was to quantificationally assess the efficacy and safety of fibrin glue versus sutures in the application of pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Methods Based on established search strategy,a computerized literature search was conducted to identify all citations concerning the RCT for effectiveness and safety evaluation of fibrin glue and suture for the graft fixation during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts from MEDLINE ( from 2000 to October,2010 ),EMbase ( from 2000 to October,2010 ),Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials ( Issue 4,2010 ),CBMdisc ( 2000 to October 2010 ),CNKI ( 2000 to October 2010 ),and the relevant conference proceedings and references searched by hand was performed as supplement.The included literature was scored with Jadad table.The Cochrane Collaboration' s RevMan 5.0 software was used for the test of heterogeneity or test for overall effect.The effective indexes,such as operative duration,recurrence rate and complication,were evaluated by Meta analysis.Results Six RCTs involving 401 eyes of 377 participants were identified.These literatures were published with English in 2004-2010 from China,New Zealand,Sweden,Israel,Turkey and Malasia and the Jadad scores were 4-5.The quantitatively analysis revealed that fibrin glue appeared to short the operative time compared with suturing method (MD =14.23 ;95％ CI:- 16.18- 12.29;P=0.00) and drop the rate of recurrence ( RR =0.49,95％ CI:0.26 -0.95 ; P =0.03 ).No significant differences were found in the rate of postoperative graft dehiscence or absence (RR =3.41,95 ％ CI:0.85-13.68;P =0.08 ).Conclusions Fibrin glue shows the good effectiveness and easy application during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Long-term follow-up of multi-central RCTs with a larger number of cases are still needed to support this conclusion.