BACKGROUND: Clinical experiments indicates that Yufeng capsule (composed of milkvetch root, angelica, szechwan lovage rhizome, senega and salvia miltiorrhiza) is effective for benefiting vital energy, circulating blood flow,dispelling gores and killing inflammation. The mechanism may be associated with the function of platelet aggregation, changes of contents of thromboxane B (TXB) and 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 α) in plasma.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of Yufeng capsule on the platelet aggregation and its mechanism.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal trial.SETTING: Department of Pathology, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Pharmacology, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University from May 2000 to July 2004. A total of 40 Wistar male gerontic rats with mean age of (8-10) weeks and mean body mass of (550±150) g and 8 Wistar male young rats with mean age of 4-6 weeks and mean body mass of (230±120) g were selected.METHODS: The 8 Wistar male youth rats were selected as youth control group. The 40 Wistar male gerontic rats were selected as the blood stasis model, and according to the numeration table method they were classified into 5 groups: aspirin group, low-dose Yufeng capsule group, the middle-dose Yufeng capsule group, high-dose Yufeng capsule group and gerontic model group, with 8 rats in each group. The Yufeng capsule was constituted by milkvetch root, angelica, szechwan lovage rhizome, senega and salvia miltiorrhiza, and provided by the Preparation Office, Second Affiliated Hospital,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine. Respectively the rats were injected with aspirin solution (5.5 g/kg), Yufeng capsule (0.33 g/kg, 0.66 g/kg and 1.32 g/kg), successively for 22 days by gastric perfusion, twice a day.Those in the gerontic group and youth control group were not treated with any drug One hour after last time administration, function of platelet aggregation(PAG), contents of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 α) in plasma were examined with platelet aggregation method and radioimmunoassay.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Function of platelet aggregation; contents of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 α as well as ratio of TXB2 to 6-keto-PGF1α.RESULTS: Totally 48 animals were involved in the result analysis. ①The PAG was higher in the gerontic model group than other groups (P ＜ 0.01).②One minute platelet aggregation rate (PAG1), five minutes platelet aggregation rate (PAG5)and the maximal platelet aggregation rate (PAGM) in the high-dose Yufeng capsule group were lower than those in the aspirin group[(7.96±2.17), (6.38±1.66), (14.33±2.87) ng/L and (31.95±3.94),(35.29±6.54), (38.68±7.46) ng/L, respectively(P ＜ 0.01 )]. PAG5 in the middle-dose group was lower than that in the aspirin group [(13.96±1.66),(35.29±6.54) ng/L, (P ＜ 0.01 )]. ③TXB2 content in the low-dose Yufengcapsule group, middle-dose Yufeng capsule group, high-dose Yufeng capsule group, aspirin group and youth control group was lower than that in the gerontic model group (P ＜ 0.01). ④The TXB2 content in the high-dose Yufeng capsule group was lower than that in the low-dose Yufeng capsule group [( 100.13±8.90), (127.00±20.99) ng/L, (P ＜ 0.01 )]. ⑤TXB2/6-ke-to-PGF1 α in the high-dose Yufeng capsule group, middle-dose Yufeng capsule group and youth control group was lower than that in the gerontic model group [0.62±0.17,0.69±0.14,1.75±0.17,1.11±1.12, (P ＜ 0.05 )].CONCLUSION: High-dose and middle-dose Yufeng capsule is able to decrease the content of TXB2 and increase the content of 6-keto-PGF1 α, and improve their ratio. It is important to enhance the balance of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 α. The effect in the low-dose Yufeng capsule group is lower as compared with that in the high-dose and middle-dose Yufeng capsule groups. It is thought that the low-dose Yufeng capsule has preventive effect.

Objective To explore whether depressive disorder is one of risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in enrolled patients and observe the level of inflammation markers in coronary artery disease patients with depression. Methods In all patients, we recoded clinical information and data from Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for Depression( HRSD)and measured concentration of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) and hypersensitive C-reaction protein (hsCRP). Results Among 87 patients with coronary artery disease, depressive disorder was diagnosed in 26 patients, the prevalence of depressive disorder was 29. 9%. Among 101 patients without coronary artery disease, 12 patients were suffering from depressive disorder, the prevalence of depressive disorder was 11.90%. The prevalence of depressive disorder in coronary artery disease group was statistically higher than that in non-coronary heart disease group (29.8% vs.11.9%, P<0. 01). The incidence of coronary artery disease was associated with age, hypertension,diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and depression. Life events and stage of heart function occurred differently between CAD patients with and without depression (P<0. 05). There were no differences in the degree of coronary artery stenosis and the type of treatment (P>0. 05) between the two groups. There were higher concentration of MCP-1 in coronary artery disease patients with depression, but no remarkable difference in hsCRP and TNFa.Conclusions There is high prevalence of depressive disorder, which is one of risk factor for coronary artery disease. The depressive disorder may be associated with inflammation biomarker in patients with coronary artery disease.

The volume of blood serum originally required for the estimation of alkaline phosphatase by Boclanaky's method has been reduced from 1.0 ml to 0.02 ml. The results obtained with this micro method were in close agreement with those obtained from the original macro procedure. Using this improved method the activity of the serum alkaline phosphatase of 144 apparently normal infants aged from 1-0 months were determined, giving an average value of .11.3 Bodansky units per 100 ml serum which is slightly higher than those found in the literature.

Objective_To study the significance of fascin protein expression in ductal intraepithelial neoplasia ( DIN) and invasive ductal carcinoma ( IDC) .Methods_Thirty cases of usual ductal hyperplasia ( UDH) , 30 ca-ses of flat epithelial atypia (FEA,DIN1a), 15 cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH,DIN1b), 2 cases of DCIS grade1(DIN1c),10 cases of DCIS grade2(DIN2)and 18 cases of DCIS grade3(DIN3)were immunohisto-chemically investigated using monoclonal antifascin antibody and compared with 120 cases of invasive ductal carci-noma (IDC).Results_Fascin protein expression was not found in normal breast tissue, UDH, FEA (DIN1a), ADH(DIN1b),DCIS grade1(DIN1c)and DCIS grade2(DIN2),but only seen in 2 of 18 cases of DCIS grade3 (DIN3)(11.1%), and 18 out of 120 cases of IDC (15%).Fascin protein expression was correlated with ER neg-ative( P<0.05) , PR negative( P<0.05) , tumor grade( P<0.05) and axillary lymph node status( P<0.05) , but not correlated with age,location,tumor sizeand HER2 expression.Conclusions_Fascin protein expression seems to be a late event, usually present in carcinoma.Targetting the fascin pathway may be a noval therapeutic strategy of mammary carcinoma.

Objective By measuring the levels of serum MCP-1,sICAM-1 and expression of monocyte CD11b and CD62p in order to investigate the effects of these inflammation mediators on acute coronary syndrome and the relationship between inflammatory mediators and degree of coronary artery stenosis. Methods By means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) technique and flow cytometry technique,the changes of concentration of MCP-1,sICAM-1 and expression of CD11b and CD62p were measured in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS,n=33) group,stable angina(SA,n=24) group and control group(n=20)in the study. Results (1) The concentration of MCP-1 and sICAM-1 and expression of CD11b and CD62p had significant difference in statistics among three groups.Four inflammatory mediators were the highest in ACS group and the lowest in control group.(2)There were no significant differences in the levels of MCP-1,sICAM-1,CD11b,CD62p between AMI group and UA group.(3)There were no significant differences in the degree of coronary artery stenosis amomg SA,UA and AMI groups. Conclusions The results of the present study suggest that inflammation might play a role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease.

By using the diagnosis related groups(DRGs) method, we analyze and compare the rationality and feasibility of outcomes and human resources distribution of clinical specialties and health care professionals.It may increase the hospital management levels and feasibility.The introduction of DRGs for the majority of hospital management may enhance the performance evaluation and human resource levels in the hospitals.

Objective To investigate the expression of p38 mitogen actirated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in renal fibrosis in diabetic mice. Methods Male homozygous C57 BL/6 mice were divided at random into control group intraperitoneally(i. p.) injected with citrate buffer and diabetes group received 5 consecutive daily intraperitoneal inserum glucose level exceeding 16.7 mmol/L. Mice were killed at 0,4weeks ,8weeks, 12weeks and 16weeks respectively after STZ injected. The kidney tissues were obtained from diabetic and control mice. Serum glucose, extracellular matrix,and 24 h urinary albumin excretion rate(UAE)and the serum creatinine(Scr) were measured. The kidney tissue was used for histological and morphometric studies of glomerular matrix expansion (PAS), and the expression of phosphorylated p38MAPK and TGFβ1 were measured by immunohisteehemical staining. p38MAPK and TGFβ1mRNA were analyzed by reverse transeriptase-PCR. Results The serum level of glucose in diabetic mice increased significantly. Scr and 24 h UAE, and glomerular matrix expansion in diabetic mice were obviously higher than that in control mice. Phosphorylated p38MAPK and TGFβ1 levels were obviously increased in the kidney of diabetic mice compared with those in control mice(P ＜0. 01) ;TGFβ1 expression was positively related to the expression of phosphorylated p38MAPK. Conclusion The overexpression of phosphorylated p38MAPK in kidney shoud play an important role in the development of renal fibrosis associated with diabetic nephropathy in mice.

Objective To evaluate the significance of fiberoptic bronchoscopic brush cytology in the diagnosis and histological classification of lung carcinoma.Methods Data of 309 patients with lung carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.Both bronchoscopic cytology and histology diagnosis were available.The positive rate of bronchoscopic cytology and tissue biopsy were calculated respectively.The classification accuracy of cytological diagnosis for lung carcinoma was evaluated.In tissue biopsy standard,evaluated the significance of bronchoscopic cytology in diagnosis and histological diagnosis.Results The positive rate of bronchoscopic cytology and tissue biopsy were 86.1％ (266/309) and 83.8％ (259/309),respectively.Bronchoscopic cytology combined with bronchial biopsy could obviously improve the positive rate to 94.2％ (291/309) in lung carcinoma diagnosis.Taking the tissue biopsy histological type as a standard,the cytotyping accuracy for brush method was 85.1％(74/87) in squamous carcinoma,82.4％(108/131) in adenocarcinoma and 100％(11/11) in small cell carcinoma for higher.However,the accuracy in diagnosing poorly differentiated carcinomas was only 12.2％ (5/ 41).Conclusion Fiberoptic bronchoscopic brush cytology plays an stable and important role in diagnosing lung carcinomas and histological type determination.However,it has limited use in diagnosing poorly differentiated carcinomas.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of combined screening for chromosomal abnormalities in the first trimester and the ultrasound characteristics of these fetuses.Methods Retrospective study for 5000 singleton pregnancies by combined screening of trisomies 21,18,13 and Turner syndrome.Risk algorithms were developed for calculation of patient-specific risks for each of the three trisomies based on maternal age,fetal nuchal translucency,free β human chorionic gonadotropin and serum pregnancy associated plasma protein A at 11 to 13 +6 weeks of pregnant.The value of nuchal translucency (NT) and β-hCG and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) level were inputted computer,and calculate the risk value (≥ 1 ∶ 270) by automatic analysis software.Two hundred and four cases with high risk were performed transabdominal chorionic villus biopsy to detect the fetal chromosomal karyotypes.Meanwhile,other ultrasonic characteristics of fetal were elevated.Results (1) Five thousand cases of pregnant women were detected,including 4983 normal cases,62 cases were induced labor for a variety of reasons in the second trimester,including 40 cases with normal karyotype but with congenital heart disease,17 cases of chromosome abnormalities (9 cases trisomy 21,2 cases trisomy 18,1 cases trisomy 13,4 cases 45X),2 cases spina bifida,2 cases digestive tract obstruction,1 cases giant bladder.One case with low risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities in combined screening,but high risk of age (maternal age were over 40 years old),it was 21 trisomy syndrome after the prenatal diagnosis.(2) Five cases of nasal bone loss in 9 cases of trisomy 21 (5/9),5 cases with three tricuspid regurgitation (5/9),4 cases of venous ductus a wave flow reverse (4/9),3 cases of fetal nasal bone loss accompanied by tricuspid regurgitation and venous ductus a wave flow reverse (3/9).One case of nasal bone loss in 2 cases of trisomy 18,2 cases were tricuspid regurgitation and venous ductus a wave flow reverse.Two cases in 4 cases of 45X had venous ductus a wave flow reverse.There were 8 cases (0.16％) nasal bone absence in 4983 cases of normal karyotype fetus,48 cases (0.96％) of tricuspid regurgitation and 44 cases (0.88％) of venous ductus a wave flow reverse.Thirty-two cases in 40 cases (80％) of fetal congenital heart disease were tricuspid regurgitation,30 cases of venous ductus a wave flow reverse (75％).Eight cases of nasal bone absence normal karyotype fetus were found the nasal bone at 20 weeks gestation.Conclusion Combination screening of nuchal translucency with serum markers in the first trimester were high detection rate and low false positive rate; a wave reversion and fetal nasal bone absence accompanied by tricuspid regurgitation can improve the detection rate of abnormal karyotype; abnormalities ultrasound marker may be associated with fetal congenital heart disease at 11-13 +6 weeks of pregnancy.

Objective To observe the expression of acid-sensing ion channel la (ASICla) and to investigate the effect of intracellular Ca2 + concentration on focal cerebral ischemia in diabetic rats.Methods 108 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups:group A [rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)],group B [rats with MCAO and diabetes (DM + MCAO)],group C [rats with MCAO and diabetes treated with fasudil intervention (DM+ MCAO+ fasudil)] (n=36 each).Samples were obtained at the time points of 1,3,6 and 24 h after ischemia respectively (n=9).Models of MCAO and DM+MCAO were prepared.Rats in DM+MCAO+Fasudil group were treated with fasudil 1 mg/Kg by caudal vein injection after half an hour when DM+MCAO model successfully prepared.ASICla expressions were detected at different time points of ischemia in the 3 groups respectively.Ca2+ concentration in ischemia cortex cells were determined at different time points of ischemia in group B and C.Results ASICla expressions were gradually increased along with the ischemia time in group A and B (group A:0.71±0.10,0.80±0.11,0.86±0.08,0.93±0.09;groupB:0.86±0.11,1.05±0.51,2.42±0.08,2.78±0.04; all P＜ 0.05),and ASICla expressions at different time points were higher in group B than in group A (all P＜ 0.05).Ca2-concentration were gradually increased along with the ischemia time in group B (106.32± 18.6,137.84±14.32,151.94± 18.38,183.61±7.96,all P＜0.05).Compared with group B,the levels of ASICla expression and calcium current were reduced in group C.Conclusions The activation of ASICla increases calcium ion flow internal pathway leading to intracellular calcium overload,which may be one of the reasons for the aggravation of focal cerebral ischemia in diabetes.