Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is characterized by serous detachment of the sensory retina as a consequence of the focal leakage of fluid from the choriocapillaries to subretinal space through a defect of the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE). The exact cause of CSC is not well unknown. Psychological stress is thought to contribute to CSC, but the physiologic mechanisms are unclear. It is hypothesized that psychological stress can induce CSC through the mechanism of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system. Psychological stress can adversely affect HPA axis and causes glucocorticoid levels to elevate. Increased glucocorticoids constrict choroid vessels, which leads to ischemia of choroids and damage vascular endothelial cells, thus causing vasopermeability to increase. RPE dysfunction will occur as a result of abnormalities in the choroidal circulation. The large molecules including protein may enter the subretinal space through the damaged vessels and RPE.

The strain Streptomyces sp.,nominated IMB-14,was isolated from the soil sample of WuDang Mountain by the method of cellulose ester membrane filter.The studies on antibiotic activities,morphological characteristics,cultural characteristics,physiological characteristics,16S rDNA sequence analysis and the metabolite of strain IMB-14 showed that the strain IMB-14 was accordance with Streptomyces xanthoci-dicus.The study on the isolation and identification of strain Streptomyces xanthocidicus establishes a foundation on screening of novel antibacterial and antitumor agents.

BACKGROUND:Many studies have shown that Chinese medicineFuming granules have certain curative effects on optic nerve injury, but a large number of experimental studies are stil needed to verify. OBJECTIVE:To verify the effect of Chinese medicineFuming granules on optic nerve injury by the method of stress relaxation experiments. METHODS: The animal models of optic nerve injury were established by the clamping method. Rats were intervened withFuming granules by intragastric administration. Model group and normal control group were set for comparison. After 30 days of successive administration, optic nerve injury received stress relaxation experiments in each group, and histomorphology was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the normal control group, the optic nerve nuclei distributed uniformly without edema, augmentation or inflammatory cels, and the axon and other contents had a clear structure. In the model group, the optic nerve fiber arranged sparsely, presented unclear structure, and axon, karyorrhexis and the other contents changed. In theFuming granule group, the transect of optic nerve which arranged densely had large area, and most of the axon had a normal structure. The decreases in stress at 7 200 s and stress relaxation were as folows: normal control group > fuming granule group > model group (P < 0.05). Results confirmed that Chinese medicineFuming granule accelerates the recovery of axoplasm of injured optic nerve, restores the morphology of axons, and contributes to the recovery of injured optic nerve.

Objective To analyze the relationship between life style and chronic diseases.Method 2 886 people were selected randomly from three districts of Tianjin and surveyed with a questionnaire on their healthy condition and physical examination.2 622 people were taken a diet survey by 3-days foods intakes weighing and 24-hours diet recall,then the relative risk factors between life style and coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,diabetes,hypertension,overweight and obesity were analyzed.Result The standardized prevalence rates of coronary heart disease,cerebrevascular disease,diabetes,hypertension, overweight and obesity of residents were 9.24%,4.33%,6.74%,34.05%,and 42.62%,respectively.The more the intake of energy, the more the risk for people to suffer from overweight and obesity,OR value being 1.00-1.70.With intake of more than 20 g dietary fiber per day,the risk for suffering from overweight and obesity could be reduced,OR value being 0.68.Logistic analysis showed that heavy salty taste could increase the risk for suffering from hypertension by 42%.Watching TV more than 3 hours per day increased the risk for suffering from cerebrovascular disease and diabetes,OR value being 1.802 and 1.703 respectively.Sleep less than 7 hours per day was a dangerous factor for hypertension,coronary heart disease and cerebrovasular disease,OR value being 1.517, 1.833 and 2.041 respectively.Conclusion The life style such as dietary pattern,sedentary occupation and sleep hours have strong connection with chronic diseases,such as hypertension,diabetes etc.Reasonable diet,suitable exercises,reducing sedentary position and increasing sleep hours will be good for health,and also for the prevention and control of chronic diseases.

Cadmium ; adverse effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Risk Assessment

Cadmium ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Humans ; Metallothionein ; biosynthesis ; Ubiquitin ; biosynthesis

Objective To construct lentiviral vectors containing small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequence of Siglec-1 and to screen the effective vector.Methods Three fragments of Siglec-1 siRNA were designed and cloned into pGCSIL-GFP lentiviral plasmid.And then the plasmid was cotransfected into 293T cells with pHelper 1.0 and pHelper 2.0 plasmids.Forty-eight hours later,culture supernatant with virus particles was collected and concentrated.Virus titer was determined by 10-fold serial dilution method and virus was transduced into primary cultured mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM).Flow cytometry and QRT-PCR were used to screen effective vector with inhibition ability.Results Three vshRNA lentiviral plasmids and a control plasmid were constructed successfully and verified by DNA sequencing.Virus titer was between 1×10s TU/ml and 1×109 TU/ml,which was suitable for in vitro and in vivo experiments.The Lv-1 could inhibit Siglec-1 expression effectively in vitro transduction of BMM.Conclusion Lentiviral vectors containing siRNA sequence of Siglec-1 were constructed successfully and an effective vector was screened,which may lay the foundation for using the vector in gene knockdown experiment in vivo.

BACKGROUND: The pathological changes of osteoarthritis are similar to that of kaschin-beck disease, but the cause of the latter is still unclear,damage is more serious. From the comparison of pathology changes between them, we hope to find out an effective therapeutic method with the assistance of arthroscope basing on the experiences in osteoarthritis.OBJECTIVE: To make comparison of the histomorphological changes between osteoarthritis and kaschin-beck disease with knee arthroscope,which give clues to the diagnosis and selection of operative technique for kaschin-bock disease under arthroscope.DESIGN: Case control study.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi People's Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-five patients who needed arthroscope surgery due to severer knee osteoarthritis were randomly selected from Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi People's Hospital between April 1998 and September 2000; Meanwhile 31 patients with knee joint functional obstacle caused by kaschin-beck disease (epidemic disease area) were randomly selected from Luochuan Hospital of Shaanxi Province in November 2001.METHODS: Japanese made OLYMPUS series color television arthroscope and surgery system were used to carry out knee joint operations in all participants. During the operation, video recording, postoperative editing, photographs, comparison and analysis were conducted, in order to find out the pathological changes of the two groups in knee joint synovium, patella, femur, tibia and meniscus with the assistance of arthroscope.RESULTS: Totally 66 patients were enrolled in this study and all endamage in Kaschin-beck disease and osteoarthritis: Injuries were graded into grade 0, 1, 2 and 3, there were 0,3,5,23 cases and 0,3,16,16cases correspondingly in kaschin-beck disease group and osteoarthritis cartilage damage was presented by big piece of cartilage peeled off, part of them came off leading to bone exposure, the exposed bone surface is uneven; while cartilage damage in osteoarthritis was presented by the wear of cartilage, moreover cartilage island was found remained in the exposed bone with the surface covered with fiber strips and the exposed observed in 24 patients with Kaschin-beck disease, 5 cases with coarse stress point and 19 cases with burr-like damage, amongst which there were 9 cases displayed both medial and lateral meniscus damages; in osteoarthritis group there were 16 cases showed meniscus damages including edge wears in11 cases and breakage in 5 cases.CONCLUSION: Cartilage damage in knee articular was obviously severer in Kaschin-beck disease than in osteoarthritis, although kaschin-beck disease is no matter resulting in serious knee joint damage, but its pathology changes are different from osteoarthritis, we should pay more attention to the peculiarity of big piece of cartilage peeling off during operations.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the contents determination of 4 ingredients in Ligustrum lucidum decoration piece by reference extract method. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of XBridge C18 with mobile phase of acetoni-trile-0.1% formic acid(gradient elution) at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 254 nm,column temperature was 30℃and volume injection was 10μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.037-0.598 mg for neonuezhenide,0.006-0.101 mg for ac-teoside,0.189-3.023 mg for nuezhenide and 0.314-5.027 mg for specnuezhenide(r≥0.999 0);RSDs of precision,reproducibility and stability tests were no more than 3.8%;recoveries were 98.46%-104.83%(RSD=2.43,n=6),95.55%-104.57%(RSD=3.63, n=6),100.09%-104.39%(RSD=1.45,n=6)and 98.84%-104.97%(RSD=2.02,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple, good reproducibility,and can be used for the contents determination of 4 ingredients in L. lucidum decoration piece.

To evaluate the clinical effect of laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK) with the corneal flap created by FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser for myopia.
●METHODS: The corneal flap was created by the FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser, and the thickness of the flap was 110μ m. A total of 143 myopic patients (283 eyes) were treated with the EC5000 - CXlll element laser. The optometry of the eye, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) the thickness of the cornea, and ObscanⅡ were examined before the operation. The thickness of the flap was calculated by measuring the thickness of corneal bed during the operation in 35 eyes. The conditions of the corneal flap, complications, uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ), diopter, corneal topography were observed during and after the operation and were checked for 3mo follow-up.
●RESULTS: During the operation, it appeared small flap ( diameter < 5mm ) in 3 eyes, corneal margin incised incompletely in 5 eyes and incision bleeding in 8 eyes. Postoperative subconjunctival hemorrhage appeared in 6 eyes. The thickness of corneal flap in 35 eyes was 108. 75± 8. 52μ m (98-117μ m) and the error was 6. 49±8. 62μ m (3-12μ m). There was no significant difference between the actual flap thickness and the preset flap thickness ( P >0. 05) . The average equivalent spherical refractive was -0. 29± 0. 47 ( - 1. 50 to + 1. 00) DS after the operation for 3mo and the UCVA met or exceeded preoperative BCVA in 251 eyes (88. 7%).
●CONCLUSlON: The operation of myopia by LASlK flap created by FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser has fewer complications, and the effect is definite and safe.