Objective To analyze the mechanism of fentanyl combines midazolam,by comparison with some of the commonly used anesthetic method to determine in the ethical advantages of anesthesia.Methods 45 rats were randomly divided into three groups,Group A:1％ anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital 40 mg/kg; Group B:5 ％ ketamine 120 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection; Group C:midazolam 5 mg/kg + fentanyl 0.05 mg/kg Last intravenous anesthesia.Observe the effects of anesthesia.Results The rats which are used of fentanyl conbines midazolam anesthesia,the onset of anesthesia time:0.02 ± 0.03 min,maintenance of anesthesia time:89.73 ± 22.59 min,the the narcotic operation time:1.51 ± 0.30 min,the success of anesthesia cases:15 cases.Conclusions Fentanyl combines midazolam compared with the currently used method of anesthesia,the advantages of the more prominent,it has significant improvement and protection about the security,utilization and recovery ethics in experimental rats.

Objective To identify related anatomical parameters and the strongest risk predictor leading to patients with recurrent patellar instability.Methods 52 young patients with recurrent patellar instability that failed of conservative treatment were retrospec-tively evaluated by MRI.Measurements included parameters of patellar tracking,which was characterized by bisect offset index (BSO),trochlear congruence angle (CA)and patellar lateral tilt (PTA),and anatomical parameters of patellofemoral joint,which were characterized by the sulcus angle (SA),lateral trochlear inclination (LTI),trochlear facet asymmetry,trochlear depth,Insall-Salvati Ratio (ISR),Caton-Deschamps index (C-D)and tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG)distance.The collection data were analyzed including the Pearson's correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results The patellofemoral joint ma-lalignment was significantly correlated with LTI,TT-TG distance and ISR,but not or partly with the trochlear depth,SA,trochlear facet asymmetry and C-D.Linear regression models including LTI,TT-TG distance and ISR explained 0.58,0.47 and 0.43 of the va-riance in BSO,CA and PTA,respectively (P<0.001).And the standardized beta coefficient was largest for LTI,then were TT-TG distance and ISR.Conclusion At full extension of the knee,anatomical related factors measured on MRI explain some degree of re-current lateral patella shift and tilt,the strongest predictor among anatomical related factors that could lead to maltracking is LTI, and then are TT-TG distance and ISR.

AIM: To observe the expression of β-catenin in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) at different disease phases, and to analyze the relationship between BCR-ABL and cytogenetic response to imatinib mesylate. METHODS: RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect β-catenin mRNA and protein expression in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) from 99 patients with CML. The association with BCR-ABL and BCR-ABL fusion was determined by FISH in 94 patients after one year treatment with imatinib mesylate, and the relationship between β-catenin and cytogenetic response to imatinib mesylate was analyzed. RESULTS: The expression of β-catenin was increased significantly in patients with blast crisis and accelerated phase (P<0.01), while the expression of β-catenin between normal person and chronic phase of CML patients was not statistically different (P>0.05). No significant relation between β-catenin and BCR-ABL expression (r=0.314, P>0.05) was observed. The expression of β-catenin was increased significantly in the patients who did not reach main cytogenetic remission (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The patients in progression phases of CML over-express β-catenin. The expression of β-catenin is not significantly related to BCR-ABL expression, but related to the therapeutic response of imatinib. Beta-catenin may be involved in the mechanism of CML progression and could be used as a new therapeutic target.

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of rtansabdominal wall press to adjust ovarian position in patients with difficulty in oocyte retrieval.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted to collect 177 patients with difficulty in oocyte retrieval from January 2020 to December 2021 in the Reproductive Medical Center of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital. Among the 177 patients with difficulty in oocyte retrieval, 76 patients used transabdominal wall press to adjust the position of the ovary (pushing group), and the other 101 patients were treated with routine oocyte retrieval (control group). The oocyte retrieval rate, the number of oocyte and mature oocyte, the number of transferable embryos and high-quality embryos were compared between the two groups, and the incidence of complications was recorded.Results:There was no significant difference between the two groups in the ovarian stimulation program, the dosage of ovulation promoting drugs and the number of follicles ≥14 mm on human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) day (all P>0.05). The days of promoting ovulation in the pushing group were longer than those in the control group, and the level of estradiol on HCG day was significantly higher than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The rate of oocyte retrieval, the number of oocytes retrieved, the number of transferable embryos and high-quality embryos in the pushing group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The incidence of complications during oocyte retrieval in the pushing group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P=0.003). Conclusions:Transabdominal wall press to adjust ovarian position can improve oocyte retrieval rate and reduce the incidence of complications in patients with difficulty in oocyte retrieval.

OBJECTIVETo study the bone anatomic structure of the temporal bone region and provide reference in implant surgery in this region.

METHODSManual quantitative measurements of the bone structure were performed in 73 skull specimens (38 from male and 35 from female).

RESULTSIn the area of 8:00-11:00 (right ear) and 16-22 mm from center of the external auditory canal in the temporal bone region, the minimum bone thickness is as follows: 11:00: 6.77 mm in male, 5.18 mm in female; 10:00: 8.60 mm in male, 6.77 mm in female; 9:00: 9.85 mm in male, 7.30 mm in female; 8:00: 14.50 mm in male, 10.80 mm in female.

CONCLUSION(1) In the temporal bone region, the area of 8:00-11:00 (right ear) and 16-22 mm from center of the external auditory canal offers sufficient bone for implants. The length of implants should be as follows: 11:00: 4-5 mm in male, 3-4 mm in female; 10:00: 4-7 mm in male, 4-5 mm in female; 9:00: 4-8 mm in male, 4-6 mm in female; 8:00: 4-12 mm in male, 4-8 mm in female. (2) Towards the external auditory canal and from 12:00 to 11:00, 10:00 to 8:00, the bone became thicker, so, if no ample bone is available in the initial site, the location should be shifted anti-clockwise in right side (clockwise in left side) and closer to the external auditory canal. (3) The differences between male and female are statistically significant in the temporal bone region, so they should be treated distinguishingly during the clinical practices.

Ear Canal ; anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prostheses and Implants ; Temporal Bone ; anatomy & histology

AIM: To re-identify the special motif regulating osteoclast(OC)differentiation in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B(RANK)to provide evidences for studying the mechanism of OC differentiation.METHODS: Eight amino acids were mutated(from DIIVVYVS into ELLAAFAA)in the fragment between the 533th and the 540th amino acids in RANK cytoplasmic domain.Eight mutant TNFR1/RANK chimeras,each consists of TNFR1(tumor necrosis factor receptor 1)extracellular domain linked to transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic domain of RANK with one amino acid mutated in cytoplasmic domain was constructed by point mutation method.After the eight mutant chimeras were finished,they were packed with plat E cell line to produce the retrovirus expressing mutant TNFR1/RANK.The bone marrow macrophages(BMMs),isolated from TNFR1/R2 double knockout mice,were infected with retrovirus derived from different mutants and infected BMMs which did not differentiated into OCs were inspected after stimulated by TNF-? and M-CSF.The fragment consisted of different amino acids in TNFR1/RANK chimeras,which couldn't induce OC formation after mutated,may be the special motif regulating OC differentiation.RESULTS: We found that all BMMs transfected by TNFR1/RANK-533,TNFR1/RANK-539 or TNFR1/RANK-540 differentiated into OCs,indicating that none of amino acids D533,V539 or S540 had an effect on OC differentiation.A fewer of BMMs transfected by TNFR1/RANK-534 differentiated into OCs,indicating that I534 had a partial effect on OC formation.Most importantly,BMMs transfected TNFR1/RANK-535,TNFR1/RANK-536,TNFR1/RANK-537 or TNFR1/RANK-538 did not differentiated into OCs,indicating each of amino acids I535,V536,V537 and Y538 played a pivotal role in OC differentiation.CONCLUSION: The amino acid fragment consists of I534,I535,V536,V537 and Y538 may be the special motif regulating OC differentiation in RANK.

A variety of natural and artificial cryoprotectant extenders have been explored to enhance sperm recovery following cryopreservation-thawing process.The current investigation is aimed at evaluating the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on human spermatozoa and reactive species oxygen (ROS) level after freezing-thawing process.The spermatozoa were collected from 35 male patients diagnosed as having asthenospermia.The cryopreservation of human spermatozoa treated with acetyl-L-camitine at different concentrations (group B:2.5 mmol/L,group C:7.5 mmol/L,group D:15 mmol/L) was compared with control (group A:no acetyl-L-carnitine given).For the frozen-thawed spermatozoa,the viability,motility and DNA integrity were measured by comet assay,acrosome integrity by FITC-PNA staining and ROS level was determined in each group.The results showed that there were no significant differences in motility and viability between group A and group B,while the motility and viability of spermatozoa in group C and group D were significantly increased as compared with those in group A.As compared with group A,the values for DNA integrity parameters including comet rate (CR),tail DNA percentage (TD),tail length (TL) and Oliver tail moment (OTM) were significantly reduced in group C and group D.Group C and group D also displayed a higher proportion of intact acrosome than group A.No significant difference in ROS level was found between group A and group B,while with the increase in acetyl-L-camitine concentration,the ROS level in groups C and D was significantly reduced as compared with that in group A.In conclusion,acetyl-L-camitine at a concentration of 7.5 mmol/L is an effective antioxidant against cryo-damage on post-thawed human spermatozoa.

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence and distribution of Tourette syndrome (TS).

METHODSNine thousand, seven hundred and forty-two children and juveniles aged 7 - 16 years in Wenzhou were studied, using cluster random sampling method.

RESULTSThe prevalence of TS among school-age children was estimated to be 0.43% (0.74% for males and 0.07% for females). The prevalence of male children and juveniles was higher than that of female children and juveniles (chi(2) = 25.09, P < 0.001, prevalence ratio = 10.95, prevalence ratio 95% CI: 3.38 - 35.46). The highest prevalence of TS was between 9 - 10 years old. The mean age at onset of TS was 7.7 +/- 2.7 years, with 45.2% of them among 6 - 7 year olds. The rate of delayed diagnosis and rates of misdiagnosis and misclassification of the syndromes were 78.6%, 42.9% and 23.8%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONTourette syndrome had been a common disease of children and juveniles in Wenzhou area. The disease was correlated with age and sex, often misdiagnosed and misclassified. Physicians and as well as general publics should be trained to identify the cases.

Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Sex Factors ; Tourette Syndrome ; diagnosis ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo study the epidemiological features of tic disorders (TD) among schoolchildren in Wenzhou area.

METHODSStratified cluster sampling was carried out to investigate TD in 9742 schoolchildren aged 7 to 16 years old in Wenzhou.

RESULTSThe average prevalence rate of TD among school-age children was 104/10 000 (166/10 000 for males, 29/10 000 for females). There was a significantly higher prevalence rate for males than that for females (chi(2) = 43.96, P < 0.001, prevalence ratio = 5.7, prevalence ratio 95% CI: 3.20 - 10.30). The prevalence rates of clinical subtypes in males was significantly higher than that of females while pupils was significantly higher than that in high school students (chi(2) = 11.33, P < 0.01, prevalence ratio = 2.2, prevalence ratio 95% CI: 1.37 - 3.43). Prevalence rate of transient tic disorders (TTD), chronic motor vocal tic disorder (CMVTD), tourette syndrome (TS) were 34/10 000, 27/10 000 and 43/10 000 respectively with the highest among 9-10 years old group. The mean onset age of TD was 8.5 +/- 2.8 years. The peak of onset was among 6-10 year olds. The rate of delayed diagnosis of the disorders was 69.3% and the median in delayed diagnosis was 1.0 year.

CONCLUSIONTD is a common disease with high rate of misdiagnoses among schoolchildren in Wenzhou area. Physicians and population should be trained to identify the syndromes and to practice correct diagnosis and effective treatment as early as possible.

Adolescent ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Sex Factors ; Tic Disorders ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Tourette Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the genotoxic and nongenotoxic effects of short-term exposure to glycidyl mathacrylate (GMA) on human lung fibroblast cells (2BS cells) in vitro.

METHODSDNA strand breakage was determined by single cell gel electrophoresis, and DNA ladder formation assay and flow cytometric analysis were carried out to detect apoptic responses of cells to GMA exposure. The HPRT gene mutation assay was used to evaluate the mutagenicity, and the effect of GMA on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in the exposed cells was examined with the scrape loading/dye transfer technique. The ability of GMA to transform 2BS cells was also tested by an in vitro cell transformation assay.

RESULTSExposure to GMA resulted in a dose-dependent increase in DNA strand breaks but not apoptic responses. GMA was also shown to significantly induce HPRT gene mutations and morphological transformation in 2BS cells in vitro. In contrast, GMA produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of GJIC.

CONCLUSIONSGMA elicits both genotoxic and nongenotoxic effects on 2BS cells in vitro. The induction of DNA damage and gene mutations and inhibition of GJIC by GMA may casually contribute to GMA-induced cell transformation.

Cell Communication ; Cell Differentiation ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Epoxy Compounds ; toxicity ; Fibroblasts ; Gap Junctions ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase ; genetics ; Lung ; cytology ; Methacrylates ; toxicity