Objective To investigate the meaning of PURA gene and its protein in nephridial tissue of the rats with endemic fluorosis of coal burning. Methods Thirty-six SD rats of 80 - 100 g, body weight were randomly divided into control group, low fluorosis group and high fluorosis group according to body weight, 12 in each group, the number of female and male in each group was the same respectively. The control group, Low fluorosis group and high fluorosis group rots were fed with 1.5,25.0,60.0 mg/kg fluoride content in feedstuff, to establish the animal model of fluorosis. Expressions of both mRNA and its protein of PURA gene in rat nephridium tissue, were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry after four-month experimental period. Results The expressions of PURA mRNA[(2.74± 1.06),(4.29 ± 2.11)] and its protein[ (28 827.91 ± 4801.94),(61 146.96 ± 4997.55)] in low fluorosis group and high fluorosis group was higher than that in the control group[ ( 1.13 ± 0.87), (7131.95 ± 1524.54), all P < 0.05]. And the expressions of PURA mRNA and protein in high fluorosis groups was higher than that in low fluorosis greup(all P < 0.05). Conclusion High fluoride can lead to the high expression of PURA gene mRNA and protein in the rat nephridium tissue exposed to sodium fluoride.

Objective To compare the saccharometabolism with the pancreatic islets functions and insulin resistance index in children with severe stress. Methods Thirty children with severe stress and 30 healthy children in control group were tested. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and fasting C - peptide (FCP) were detected by radioimmunoassay respectively and insulin sensitivity index (ISI), insulin resistance index (IR) and fasting blood cell function index (FBCI) were calculated statistically. Results There were significant differences between the children with severe stress and the normal controls in the levels of FINS, FCP and FBG,(all P0.05). Conclusion There is insulin resistance with the significant decrease in the insulin sensitivity index and significant increase in insulin resistance index in the children with severe stress, which may cause the disorder in glucose metabolism in children with severe stress.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of α3 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) on apoptosis and p38 signal transduction pathway in SH-SY5Y cells and to assess the roles of α3 nAChR in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

METHODSThe levels of α3 nAChR mRNA and protein were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively, in SH-SY5Y cells transfected with α3 nAChR siRNA. The mRNA level of bcl-2 and bax was measured by the real-time PCR. The siRNA transfected SH-SY5Y cells and control were then treated with 10 µmol/L Aβ25-35 for another 48 h, and the change in apoptotic rate and the levels of p-p38 and p38 were measured by flow cytometry and Western blot. Subsequently these SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to a blocker of p38 protein, and the apoptotic rate was measured again.

RESULTSCompared to the controls, the expression of α3 nAChR at mRNA and protein levels in the SH-SY5Y cells transfected with α3 nAChR siRNA decreased by 95% and 86%, respectively; the mRNA levels of bax increased 2.11 times and that for bcl-2 decreased 0.53 times. The apoptotic rate was unaffected (3.40% ± 0.20%); but it increased after Aβ25-35 treatment (24.52% ± 1.59%); the level of p-p38 protein also increased by 178% in the α3 nAChR inhibited cells treated with Aβ25-35. Compared to controls, the Aβ25-35-treated SH-SY5Y cells and the Aβ25-35-treated and siRNA-transfected cells both showed a reduction in apoptosis after treatment with p38 blocker, especially in the former.

CONCLUSIONThe siRNA silencing of α3 nAChR mRNA may enhance the effect of Aβ25-35 on the cell apoptosis by increasing the levels of p38 protein and bax mRNA and decreasing the level of bcl-2 mRNA, which may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD.

Alzheimer Disease ; etiology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Neuroblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Receptors, Nicotinic ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Aim To investigate the inhibitory effects of gossypol on migration in gastric carcinoma cell lines and its mechanisms. Methods Gastric carcinoma cells were treated with gossypol at different concentra-tions. The effects of gossypol on cells proliferation were measured using the MTT assay. The migration of gas-tric carcinoma cells was detected by transwell assay. The activation of Akt/β-catenin pathway and the ex-pressions of pathway related proteins ( p-Akt,β-cate-nin, cyclin D1, MMP-2, E-cadherin and vimentin ) were detected by Western blot. Results Gossypol treatment could significantly inhibit the proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Transwell assay showed that the migration ability of
gastric carcinoma cells was significantly decreased. The inhibitory effect of gossypol on cells migration was more significant than the effect of gossypol on cells prolifera-tion. Compared with the control group, treatment with gossypol significantly suppressed the expressions of p-Akt,β-catenin, cyclin D1, MMP-2 and vimentin pro-tein, whereas the expression of E-cadherin was signifi-cantly up-regulated in gastric carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion These results demonstrate that gossypol represses cell migration of gastric carcinoma cells through the down-regulation of the activity of Akt/β-catenin pathway.

Objective To observe the effect of Huoxueyizhi slice on memory impairment and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus of vascular dementia(VaD)rats.Methods The imitative vascular dementia rat model was developed by repeatedly occluding the common carotid artery in combination with all abdominal injection of sodium nitroprusside(2.5 mg·kg~(-1)).The memory test,activities of SOD,MDA and Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression in hippocampus of VaD rats treated with and without Huoxueyizhi slice (1.55,3.1,6.2 g·kg~(-1)) and dihydroergotoxine (5.4 mg·kg~(-1)),continuous administration of 28 days,were measured.Results Compared with model group,Huoxueyizhi slice significantly improved memory impairment,as evaluated by shortened escape latency and increased swimming time near the platform.Meanwhile,decreased the content of MDA,increase the activity of SOD,based on the observation in hippocampal CAI region through method of the immunohistochemistry,Huoxueyizhi slice decreased the expression of the proapoptotic Bax gene,on the contrary,it increased expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2.Conclusion Huoxueyizhi slice can exert antiapoptotic effect through counter-regulating Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression.

OBJECTIVETo compare the fracture resistances of pulpless teeth restored with FRC (Fiber Reinforced Composite) posts and three kinds of resin core material.

METHODSA total of 42 recently extracted upper incisors were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A was restored with prefabricated glass-fiber posts and Artglass polymer core; group B with prefabricated glass-fiber posts and Charisma composite resin core; and group C with prefabricated glass-fiber posts and AB composite resin core. In every group, the core material was processed by hot-press and non hot-press respectively. The posts size and shape were identical in the 3 groups. All teeth were fully covered with polycarbonate resin crowns. Fracture resistance was measured by applying point force at 130 degrees to the long axis of the teeth on an universal testing machine.

RESULTSMean fracture threshold was 505.4 N +/- 42.0 N and 564.1 N +/- 41.7 N in group A, 411.3 N +/- 23.3 N and 315.3 N +/- 19.1 N in group B and 358.4 N +/- 36.1 N and 423.4 N +/- 47.5 N in group C. In all groups, there was no posts fracture and polycarbonate resin crowns fragmentation.

CONCLUSIONThe composite restoration of FRC posts combined with resin core and resin crown can improve the fracture resistance of the pulpless roots. The strength of resin core material can be increased by hot-press methods.

Composite Resins ; Crowns ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Humans ; Post and Core Technique ; Tooth Fractures ; prevention & control ; Tooth, Nonvital ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo rapidly and sensitively detect the four virulence-associated factors of Streptococcus suis, a multiplex PCR was developed.

METHODSIn the process of this reaction, four distinct DNA targets were amplified. One target was based on the serotype 2 (and 1/2) specific cps gene and the others were based on Streptococcus suis mrp, epf (epf*) and sly gene, encoding the MRP, EF(EF*) and Sly proteins of Streptococcus suis. 72 isolates, which including 48 strains of Streptococcus suis and 24 strains of negative control, and 49 clinical specimens were detected by the multiplex PCR assay.

RESULTSAll PCR products were detected by electrophoresis on 1.2% agarose gels. With the 48 Streptococcus suis strains, the positive detection rates of cps2+, mrp+, epf+, epf*+ and sly+ were 16/48, 14/48, 12/48, 3/48 and 26/48,respectively. The results were confirmed by bacteriological examination. There were no specific amplification products including 49 clinical specimens and 24 negative control strains.

CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrated that multiplex PCR was a highly specific and sensitive diagnostic tool for the detection of virulence-associated factors of streptococcus suis.

Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Streptococcus suis ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Virulence Factors ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and safety of the treatment for thoracolumbar fractures with transpedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach.

METHODSFrom June 2007 to December 2008, 19 cases of thoracolumbar fractures were treated with transpedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach. There were 7 female and 12 male, ranging from 21 to 57 years of age (mean 40.8 years) at surgery. The time from injury to surgery varied from 1 d to 5 d (mean 2.9 d). Nineteen patients all suffered from single thoracolumbar fracture with the distribution of injury level being T(11) in 1, T(12) in 5, L(1) in 9, and L(2) in 4. According to Denis fracture classification, there were 5 compression fractures and 14 burst fractures. The mean preoperative ratio of the anterior height of the body was 57.2%, kyphosis angle was 17.6° and occupation of spinal canal was 27.7%. The mean preoperative load-sharing classification of spine fractures was 5.2. Based on the ASIA neurologic grading system, preoperative neurological function was grade B in 2 cases, C in 9 and D in 8.

RESULTSMedian operating time was 83.8 min (range 60-95 min) and median blood loss was 133 ml (range 90 - 200 ml). Infection did not occur in any of the patients and the operative incisions were healing well. Average follow-up time was 19.2 months (range 12 - 36 months). At the latest follow-up, the height of the anterior border was corrected to 88.4%, the kyphosis angle was 6.1°, and the occupation of spinal canal was 8.2% on average. The postoperative neurologic function of all 19 patients was improved with grade D in 2 cases and E in 17. There were no instances of instrumentation failure and no patient had persistent postoperative back pain.

CONCLUSIONSTranspedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach could provide reliable neurologic improvement in patients with incomplete neurologic deficit, and could prevent the development of kyphosis.Furthermore, it has the obvious advantages of less invasive and blood loss, and decreases the risks of postoperative lumbodorsal pain.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Durapatite ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Child ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Septum ; surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo compare the safety and efficacy of myocardial contrast enhancement (MCE)-guided and angio-pressure (AP)-guided transcoronary ablation of septal hypertrophy (TASH) for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).

METHODSTASH was performed under MCE-guide (n = 47, group I) or AP-guide (n = 25, group II) for drug-refractory patients with HOCM. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) data as well as other clinical data were compared.

RESULTSTASH both under MCE-guide or AP-guide resulted in similar and significant reduction of left ventricular outflow tract gradient (PG) and associated with significant symptom improvement (all P < 0.001). Dosage of ethanol use, peak-level of CK-MB and ablated myocardial area and incidence of arrhythmia were also similar between the two groups.Similar left ventricular/atrial dimension changes post TASH were observed in the 2 groups during follow-up. However, the first selected septal vessels were changed under MCE in 6 patients.

CONCLUSIONSOur data demonstrated that the MCE-guided TASH was not superior to AP-guided TASH in safety and efficacy. However, MCE-guided TASH can avoid the misplace of ethanol to avoid innocent myocardial ablation.

Adult ; Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ; Ultrasonography