OBJECTIVE:To prepare dexamethasone acetate borneol cream and to establish its quality control method.METHODS:Dexamethasone acetate borneol cream was prepared by grinding method;dexamethasone acetate and phenol were identified by TLC,and the content of the principal agent was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.RESULTS:The prepared cream fitted the description of China Pharmacopeia(2005 edition) in identification and tests etc.The linear range of dexamethasone acetate was 12.06～28.14 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 7),and the average recovery rate of 98.52%(RSD=0.66%).CONCLUSION:The preparation is reasonable in compounding,simple and feasible in techniques,and its quality is stable and controllable.

Objective To investigate the relationship among the spinous process open degree,the relative displacement of the lumbar facet joints(LFJ),and the morphologic change of the intervertebral foramina.Methods From Nov 2010 to Jun 2012,a total of 6 human fresh cadaveric spines was used in this study.All the ligaments were kept.The relative displacement of the corresponding segments LFJ,and the change of height and width of intervertebral foramen were measured through the corresponding open L3-4 and L4-5 spinous process,respectively.Results Lumbar degeneration was described with the following indices including the proliferation and displacement of LFJ,deformation of the intervertebral foramen morphogenesis,nerve root oppression,and lumbar intervertebral stenosis.When the interspinous process spacer was opened up to 2 mm,lumbar intervertebral foramen heights at the L3-4 and L4-5 [(15.62 ± 0.73) mm,(14.67 ± 0.75) mm] were significantly increased (t =26.00,16.02,P ＜ 0.01) compared to the original state [(13.89 ± 0.77) mm,(12.48 ± 0.80)mm].When the interspinous process spacer was opened up to 4mm,lumbar intervertebral foramen heights at the L3-4 and L4-5 [(17.13 ± 0.78) mm,(16.74 ± 0.76) mm] were significantly increased (t =36.15,30.69,P ＜ 0.01) compared to the original state.The foraminal height with a 4 mm distraction was significantly greater than the 2 mm distraction (t =20.82,21.72,P ＜0.01).When the interspinous distraction was 2 mm,L FJ displacement at the L3-4and L4-5 [(0.31 ±0.04) mm,(0.34 ± 0.07) mm] was significantly better than the original state [(0.63 ± 0.03) mm,(0.56±0.05)mm] (t =61.97,58.91,P ＜0.01).When the interspinous distraction was 4 mm,LFJ displacement at the L3-4 and L4-5 [(0.10 ±0.04) mm,(0.12 ±0.06) mm] was significantly better than the original state (t =18.69,18.88,P ＜0.01).No significant difference was found in the change of the intervertebral foramen width [(8.65 ± 0.38) mm,(7.78 ± 0.37) mm] at the 2 mm interspinous distraction compared to the original state(P ＞ 0.05),but a statistically significant difference was found at the 4 mm interspinous distraction compared to the original state [(9.03 ± 0.41) mm,(8.05 ± 0.32) mm] (t =7.78,7.97,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Spinous process shove off can effectively improve LFJ displacement,and increase the intervertebral foramen height,but the increase of its width needs to shove off enough distance.

Adolescent ; Diskectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; physiopathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Azygos Vein ; injuries ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thoracic Injuries ; complications ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; complications

OBJECTIVETo explore the association between chromosomal disequilibrium and chemoresistance/chemosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH).

METHODSGenomic DNA samples were prepared from the tumor tissues in paraffin-embedded sections derived from 88 patients with advanced NSCLC (18 with chemosensitivity and 16 with chemoresistance). The DNAs were first amplified by a degenerate oligonucleotide prime-polymerase chain reaction protocol and then labeled with fluorescence as probes for CGH analyses. The correlations of the resulting chromosomal imbalances with the chemo-sensitivity and other pathological features of the patients were analyzed.

RESULTSA total of 640 abnormal chromosome regions including 96.12% gains and 3.88% losses were detected in 88 specimens. The results indicated that the most frequently gained chromosome regions were 19p13.1-13.3 (39/88, 44.12%), followed by 9q12-q22 (26/88, 29.41%), 22q12-q13 (26/88, 29.41%), and Xq (29/88, 32.35%). The total number of abnormal regions related with chemo-sensitivity was 188( 182 gains and 6 losses), while the number of the abnormal regions linked to the chemoresistance was 452 (431 gains and 21 losses) (P=0.005). Gains of 14p12-p13 and 19p were significantly correlated with the chemosensitivity of the NSCLC (P=0.006). Gains of 1q12-q22, 10q25-q26, 5p15.1-p15.3, 19q13.2-13.4, 20p11.2-p12, 21q22, and Xp 21-p22.1 were also significantly correlated with the chemoresistance (P]0.005, 0.029, 0.039, 0.029, 0.039, 0.016, and 0.006, respectively). No correlation between the chromosome abnormalities and other clinical features was observed.

CONCLUSIONSThe specific gains and losses of chromosome region is correlated with platinum-based first-line chemotherapy in NSCLC patients,as confirmed by CGH detection. This finding is useful for further identifying the chemosensitivity-related functional genes, predicting clinical effectiveness, and achieve individualized treatment in the future.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Adolescent ; Adult ; Athletic Performance ; psychology ; Back ; physiology ; Electromyography ; Exercise ; physiology ; Humans ; Imagery (Psychotherapy) ; Male ; Young Adult

Objectives There is little information available regarding local vasomotor regulating processes in chronic heart failure. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic heart failure impaired the endothelial function, and long term captopril treatment might reverse endothelial activity through tissue endothelin (ET) pathway.Methods Forty Spraque-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups including 15 rats in each of the sham-operated with or without captopril-treated groups and 5 rats in each of large infarcted with or without captopril-treated groups.Results Concentration-response curves obtained in aortic rings without endothelium revealed no difference in nitroprusside-induced relaxation. With endothelium, rightward shifting was noted only in the untreated large infarct group during acetylcholine-induced relaxation. As compared to the non-treated group, plasma ET-1 concentrations were lower in the captopril-treated with or without large infarct groups. However, endothelin-like immunoreactivity in endothelial cells and cytoplasma of smooth muscle cells of the media of the aorta were lower only in the non-treated large infarct group.Conclusions Endothelial function was impaired in the chronic heart failure model. Coverting enzyme inhibitor might improve endothelial function through the Local endothelin pathway.

OBJECTIVETo summarize and analyze the therapeutic effect of traumatic upper cervical instability and investigate therapeutic methods and effect.

METHODSThere were 19 patients with traumatic upper cervical instability (male 16, female 3), aged from 21 to 56 years,included 3 cases of atlas fracture, 10 cases of dens fracture, 3 cases of axis pedicle fracture, 3 cases of atlanto-axial subluxation. Among them, 6 cases included 1 case of dens fracture, 1 case of dens fracture affiliated with atlas fracture, 1 case of axis pedicle fracture, 3 cases of atlanto-axial subluxation were treated conservatively and the other 13 cases were treated by operations.

RESULTSNineteen cases were followed up for 1.8 years in average (6 months to 6 years). According to JOA standard for evaluation, the rate of improvement was 42.5% and 87.0% for conservative treatment and operation respectively.

CONCLUSIONTraumatic super cervical unsteadiness should be diagnosed and treated early. Under the condition of upper cervical vertebra being completely fixed,the function of cervical vertebra to maximum extent could be reserved when choosing operation method. Especially, the precise fusion of upper cervical vertebra plays a vital role of long-term efficacy.

Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Joint Instability ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value and inadequacy in clinical practice of the concept of gastric high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HIN).

METHODSForty-five cases with gastric HIN diagnosed by the esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) biopsy were treated from 2003 to 2009. The clinical and histopathological data were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSRadical surgeries were successfully performed on all the patients, among whom 33 underwent distal subtotal gastrectomy, 3 proximal partial gastrectomy, 7 total gastrectomy, and 2 endoscopic mucosal resection. In postoperative pathological examination, only 15 cases (33.3%) were HIN, while 14 cases (31.1%) were found to be early gastric cancers, and 16 (35.6%) were advanced cancers. Twelve(40.0%) out of 30 cancers had regional lymph nodes metastasis. When the maximum diameter of the HIN lesion was greater than 3.0 cm, or when ulcer or the features of poorly-differentiated carcinoma or signet-ring cell carcinoma were present in preoperative biopsy, the likelihood of cancer in postoperative pathological examination was higher (P<0.05), and when malignancy was confirmed, the presence of the features above was associated with lymph nodes metastasis and advanced cancer.

CONCLUSIONSCarcinoma is identified in a large proportion of patients with gastric HIN by the EGD biopsy. Lymph nodes metastasis or advanced cancer may be detected in these cases. Cautions must be taken when the new concept of HIN is widely used for diagnosing gastric lesion. Radical resection should be considered when the maximum diameter of the HIN lesion is greater than 3.0 cm, or when ulcer, or the feature of poorly-differentiated carcinoma or signet-ring cell carcinoma are present in the EGD biopsy.

Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; methods ; Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of irinotecan combined with xeloda (CAPIRI regimen) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer after failure of chemotherapy with oxaliplatin.

METHODSTotally 38 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer after failure of chemotherapy with oxaliplatin were enrolled. Patients received xeloda 1 000 mg/m2 orally twice daily on day 1 to 14 and intravenous irinotecan 100 mg/m2 on day 1 and 8 every 3 weeks.

RESULTSThe median age of 38 patients was 58.5 (27-77) years. CAPIRI regimen was used 11.0 (3.0-24.0) months after the diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (CAPIRI regimen as second-line chemotherapy in 33 patients, third-line in 4 patients, and fourth-line in 1 patient). A total of 121 cycles of chemotherapy (median 3.0) were administered. Thirty-four patients were evaluable for response. The overall response rate and disease control rate were 5.9% and 61.8%, respectively. The median time to progression and overall survival were 4.5 months (95% CI, 3.4-5.6 months) and 11.0 months (95% CI, 10.2-11.8 months), respectively. All 38 patients were evaluable for safety. The most common adverse events were leukopenia (73.7%), neutropenia (65.8%), nausea and vomiting (60.5%), and diarrhea (28.9%). The occurrence rates of these grade 3-4 events were 10.5%, 13.2%, 10.5%, and 7.9%, respectively. All adverse events were tolerable.

CONCLUSIONCAPIRI regimen is effective and well-tolerated in Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer after failure of chemotherapy with oxaliplatin.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Camptothecin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Capecitabine ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Deoxycytidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome