Child ; Humans ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; immunology ; virology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; immunology ; pathogenicity

Objective:To evaluate the effect of milrinone in treating refractory heart failure.Methods:5mg of milrinone in 250ml of 5% Glucose or 0.9% NaCl Solution were given daily by intravenous drip to 56 cases of refractory heart failure for a period of consecutive 7 days.The symptoms and signs were observed before and after the treatment,heart rate,blood pressure and heart function examined by Doppler echocardiography.Results:a.The total effective rate was 85.7%.b.The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and fraction shortening (FS) were increased significantly (P＜0.01) after treatment.The rate of filling velocity in early diastole (E) over that in late diastole (A) was increased significantly (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Milrinone has good effect for treating refractory heart failure.It improves not only the cardiac systolic function but also the diastolic function.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Taizhou City from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the pulmonary tuberculosis control measures. Methods: The epidemiological data of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Taizhou City from 2016 to 2021 were retrieved from the Tuberculosis Management Information System and Infectious Disease Surveillance System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the trends in the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and regional, population and temporal distributions of pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method in Taizhou City from 2016 to 2021. Results: A total of 15 621 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Taizhou City from 2016 to 2021, with annual mean reported incidence of 42.12/105. The incidence of reported pulmonary tuberculosis reduced from 43.74/105 in 2016 to 36.31/105 in 2021, with an annual decline rate of 3.65% (χ2trend=34.172, P<0.001). There were 7 606 cases positive for pathogenic tests (48.69%), and the positive rate of pathogenic tests appeared a tendency towards a rise from 2016 to 2021 (χ2trend =470.906, P<0.001). The reported incidence rates of pulmonary tuberculosis were 57.83/105 and 25.46/105 in men and women, and a high incidence rate was reported in patients at ages of 20 to <25 years (72.80/105) and 65 years and older (84.75/105). Farmer was the predominant type of occupation (8 365 cases, 53.55%), and the cases peaked from March to August, with the greatest seasonal index in May (119.76%). A high annual incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was reported in Xianju County (52.51/105) and Wenling City (49.98/105) from 2016 to 2021, and the a high constituent ratio of patients positive for pathogenic tests was seen in Sanmen County (58.71%) and Luqiao District (53.24%). Conclusions The reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis showed a tendency towards a decline, and the proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients positive for pathogenic tests showed a remarkable increase in Taizhou City from 2016 to 2021. The number of patients peaked in spring and summer. In addition, high incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was seen in Xianju County and Wenling City.

According to the course character and training objective, we analyzed the necessity of the experiment teaching reform of microbiology examination . The modules of employable Skills (MES) was applied to the experiment teaching of microbiology examination tentatively. On the basis of the needs of microbiology laboratory jobs, the contents of experimental course were integrated and optimized to skills module , comprehensive training module and application module , which include fourteen study units such as basic techniques of identification of bacteria,the separation and identifi-cation of pathogenic bacteria, microbiology examination of clinical specimen etc. Intensive teaching and multiplex teaching methods were applied to each module according to the module's characteristic, teaching objectives and cognitive rules of students. This teaching reform has achieved initial results.

The method of preparation of a Milk Substitute, formula 5410, and its nutritive value on rats have been reported in previous communications. Further tests of its nutritive effect were made by feeding a group of 100 infants including 4 premature and 10 undernourished. Another group of 43 infants fed with human breast milk or cow's milk were observed during the same period as controls. Among the infants of the two groups there were 6 pairs of twins; one of each pair was fed with the Milk Substitute and the other with human or cow's milk. Great majority of the infants were cared by their own mothers whose cooperation had been secured, while the rest of the infants (10%) were kept in our nursery.The Milk Substitute feeding was started with infants between half and six months of age, with an average age of three months. Observations were continued until they all reached one year old. Fish liver oil and ascorbic acid were supplied to infants of both the experimental and the control groups. Vegetable soup and fruit juice were given to the infants before five months of age. Then various kinds of other foods, including rice porridge, wheat flour nudols, bread, crackers, mashed meat and vegetable and egg yolk were individually supplemented furnishing not more than 1/3 of the total caloric intake, (at the age of one year), as the family income permitted.The appetite of the experimental infants was normal. There was no digestive disturbances and abnormal frequency and appearance of the stool. The average daily caloric intake was similar to those recorded in the literature.The body weight and height of the babies in the experimental group fell well within the normal range. The average initial body weight and height of the infants in the experimental group were somewhat lower than those of the control; however, the height reached .that of the control at the age of 7 months, and the weight at about 11 months. The red blood cell counts and the hemoglobin value of the blood were normal.Values of blood alkaline phosphatase activity higher than 15 Bodansky units were shown in 20 babies of the experimental group (27%) and 8 babies of the control group (23%) at the beginning of the observation; only 4 babies in the experimental group were found abnormal high blood alkaline phosphatase value at the end. At the beginning, 3 cases of rickets and 3 cases of suspected rickets were indicated by the radiograph of the wrist bones of the babies in the experimental group, and only one suspected ricket in the control group were observed; and they all became normal at the end of the experiment. Besides, there were no other signs of any nutritional deficiency among all the infants.

A novel HBV integration site involved in hepatocarcinogenesis was investigated. The HBV DNA integration sites were detected by Alu-PCR in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, matched surrounding liver tissues in 30 patients with hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 3 cases of normal liver tissues. The integration sites and flanking sequences in human genome were sequenced and blasted, and the expression of integrated HBV genes was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The influence of the up-regulated expression of integrated genes on hepatocarcinogenesis was analyzed. Nineteen integration sites of HBV DNA into HCC tissues were obtained by RT-PCR and sequencing. These genes encoding proteins were: LOC51030, LOC157777, minichromosome maintenance complex component 3 associated protein (MCM3AP), MCTP1, SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2 isoform 2, CCDC40, similar to HCG2033532, mitochondrial ribosomal S5 pseudogene 4. One of them was integrated into the intron of MCM3AP. RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of MCM3AP mRNA in HCC tissues, matched surrounding liver tissues and normal liver tissues were in a descendent order. The ratio of MCM3AP mRNA to the GAPDH mRNA in these three tissues was 1.07375, 0.21573, 0.06747 respectively, with the difference being statistically significant among them (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the expression levels of MCM3AP mRNA from HCC tissues in which HBV DNA integrated into MCM3AP were still significantly higher than those without HBV DNA integrated into MCM3AP. It was concluded that the HBV DNA integration sites into human genome were random, and MCM3AP was a new site. The up-regulated MCM3AP mRNA may affect flanking sequences which promote the hepatocarcinogenesis.

Objective To study the relationship between serum tumor marker level and the apoptosis regulation gene of tumor tissue in the patients with primary hepatocarcinoma .Methods 40 cases of primary hepatocarcinoma and 40 healthy people were in‐cluded into the observation group and control group .Then the levels of tumor marker GP73 ,TK1 ,DKK1 in serum and the expres‐sion of apoptosis regulation gene in tumor tissue were detected in the two groups .Results The serum GP73 ,TK1 and DKK1 levels of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The apoptosis inhibiting gene Plk1 ,Livin and Xiap levels in the hepatocellular carcinoma tissue were higher than those in the adjacent normal tissues ,while the pro‐apoptotic gene M TS1 ,Caspase‐3 and Caspase‐8 levels were lower than those in the adjacent normal tissues ,the difference had statistical significance (P< 0 .05) ;serum GP73 ,TK1 and DKK1 levels were positively correlated with Plk1 ,Livin and Xiap levels and negatively correlated with M TS1 ,Caspase‐3 and Caspase‐8 levels .Conclusion The levels of se‐rum GP73 ,TK1 and DKK1 in the patients with primary hepatocarcinoma are abnormally increased ,moreover which are closely cor‐related with the apoptosis regulating gene expression and the ideal indexes to evaluate the disease condition of primary hepatocarci ‐noma .

ObjectiveTo observe effects of ginkgo bilobate extract injection on the hemorheology,blood lipid and c-reactive protein in serum of patients with cerebral infarction. Methods62 cases patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into two groups by means of random number table. Two groups were both given routine treatment. The control group was treated with 20ml compound salvia injection, which was added to 250 ml normal saline, once a day, continuous therapy for 14 days, and the treatment group was treated with 20ml ginkgo bilobate extract injection, which was added to 250 ml normal saline, once a day, continuous therapy for 14 days. The clinical symptoms were observed, hemorheology related index, level of blood lipid and c-reactive protein were detected before and after the treatment. ResultsCompared with the control group,hemorheology related index decreased significantly in the treatment group, especially whole blood viscosity ( 1.57±0.28) mpa ·s (P＜0.01). Blood reduced viscosity (13.95 ± 2.07) mpa ·s, erythrocyte aggregation index (1.37±0.12) , hematocrit (42.36±8.16) were also decreased significantly (P＜0.05) .Triglyceride (TG)(1.23±0.12) mmol/L、 cholesterol (TC) (4.29±1.17) mmtmol/L、 low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDIL-C)(2.31± 0.39) mmol/L and c-reactive protein ( 10.48 ±- 3.82) mg/L in serum in the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P＜0.01 orP＜0.05) , high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ( 1.78±0.76) mmol/L in serum was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.01) .The total effective rate of the treatment group and the control group was 87.1％ and 67.7％ respectively, there was a significant difference (x2=3.553, P＜0.05). Conclusion The ginkgo bilobate extract injection can protect cerebral infarction from injury,which may be related with its action on regulating the blood viscosity and level of blood lipid.