OBJECTIVE To reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection by standardized packaging material and model. METHODS The packaging material and model were selected according to the different sterilizations.And the qualfication rate of sterilization and warranty period of standardized instruments were detected regularly. RESULTS The quality of sterilizations was effectively guaranteed by conducting control measures. CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial infection rate is effectively prevented by standardized packaging material and model.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on NF-κB activity in ventilator-induced lung injury in dogs.Methods Thirty healthy 5-year-old Beagles,weighing 10-12 kg,were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),mechanical ventilation (MV) group and 3 different concentrations of dexmedetomidine groups (groups DEX1-3).The animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium,ketamine and atropine.The rats were tracheostomized and spontaneous breathing was maintained in group C,while the rats were tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated for 4 h in MV and DEX1-3 groups.Tracheal intubation was performed in all the groups.The concentration of O2 inhaled was set at 50％,respiratory rate at 15 bpm,tidal volume at 20 ml/kg,and positive end-expiratory pressure at 2 cm H2 O.A loading dose of dexmedetomidine 0.5,1.0 and 2.0 μg/kg was infused over 20 min before intubation,followed by continuous infusion (lasting for4 h) at a rate of 0.5,1.0 and 2.0μg·kg-1 ·h-1 in DEX1-3 groups,respectively.Blood samples were taken from the femoral artery at baseline state,and 1,2 and 4 h of MV for detection of PaO2.The animals were sacrificed after 4 h of MV.The lungs were removed for determination of W/D lung weight ratio (W/ D ratio),myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity,NF-κB p65 expression (by Western blot) and TNF-α mRNA expression (by RT-PCR) in lung tissues.Results Compared with group C,W/D ratio,MPO activity,and expression of NFκB p65 and TNF-α mRNA were significantly increased in group MV (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group MV,MPO activity,and expression of NF-κB p65 and TNF-α mRNA were significantly decreased,and no significant change was found in W/D ratio in DEX2 and DEX3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can inhibit NF-κB activity and reduce inflammatory responses,thus improving ventilator-induced lung injury in dogs.

Objective Evaluate the efficiency of scientific research output of the 54 departments in a hospital,to put forward improvement suggestions based on the evaluation results.Methods Select appropriate indicators of scientific input and output,use the Data Envelopment Analysis method to evaluate and analyze the efficiency.Results According to the analysis of DEA,calculate the values of overall efficiency,technical efficiency,scale efficiency and scale income.Then compare and analyze the relative efficiency of different units scientific output,to identify the relatively superior department a mong the various categories.Conclusions According to the evaluation results,to find out the input surplus and insufficient output of each decision units.Then we will put forward suggestions on hospital resource allocation to optimize the scientific input and output,to improve the competitiveness of the hospital,and to activate the potential of each department's scientific research.

Objectives: To evaluate the mechanism of using TGJN(a kind of extract of Chinese herb medicine)to treat BPH. Methods: The radioligandbinding assays were used to observe the inhibiting effect from TGJN to the α1-AR in human smooth muscle cells of hyperplastic prostate. Results: TGJN can inhibit the binding of α1-AR with 125 I BE through binding with α1-AR.The inhibition was related to the concentration of TGJN and the inhibition was the biggest in middle lobe of human hyperplastic prostate[The Ki was (200.3±19.83)mg/L]. Conclusions: TGJNcan inhibit the α1-AR in human smooth muscle cells of hyperplastic prostate. Natl J Androl,2001,7(2):136～138

To separate and identify chemical signals which induce Thesium chinense haustorium formation, the components of T. chinense roots secretion collected with XAD-4 resin were detected by GC-MS. The effect of DMBQ as exogenous signals to induce haustorium formation in T. chinense was studied. Fifty-three compounds of 9 types had been detected, including hydrocarbons, esters, organic acids, ketones, alcohols, nitrogen containing compounds, phenolic acids, aldehyde and quinine. It is worth noting that the 2, 5-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone has the core structure of 1,4-benzoquinone, which may play an important role in the parasitic relationship of Prunella vulgaris and T. chinense: DMBQ worked effectively on inducing haustoria, but induction effects vary widely in different concentrations. DMBQ with the concentration of 1 μmol x L(-1) showed the best effect of the inducing ability with a ratio of 110.52 when treated to induce haustoria.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; physiology ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; physiology ; Prunella ; chemistry ; physiology

Objective To investigate the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL)in the treatment of lower caliceal calculi.Methods We retrospectively re- viewed the clinical outcomes and complications of 33 patients who underwent MPCNL for lower caliceal cal- culi from March 2001 to April 2005.The average diameter of the calculi was 2.8 cm.Single tract nephrosto- my was performed in all 33 cases;among them renal access was obtained through a middle calyx in 10 cases and a lower calyx in 23.Nine cases had F14 renal access;and 24 cases,F16.Results Of 33 cases,28 (85%)achieved stone-free at 1 session.A second-look was needed in 3 cases due to intraoperative bleed- ing;ESWL,in 1 case with residual,calculi;no treatment,in 1 case with residual calculi＜4 ram.The mean operative time was 93 min;mean blood loss was 113 ml;mean hospital stay was 11 d.Blood transfusion was needed in 1 patient who suffered from hepatic cirrhosis preoperatively;another experienced severe bleeding 7 d after operation and was cured with hyperselective spongia gelatinosa embolization of the renal artery.Fol- low-up was available in 19 cases for 2-48 months,and no recurrence of renal calculi was noted.Conclu- sions Minimally invasive percutaneous nepbrolithotomy has advantages of safety,less invasion,and easy re- covery for the treatment of lower caliceal calculi.

In order to maximize the efficiency and versatility of the vector-based siRNA approach, we have developed a novel siRNA expression vector containing multiple tandem siRNA cassettes to investigate the synergistic inhibitory effect of it on human colon cancer cells proliferation. Multiple siRNA recombinant expression vector targeting simultaneously Livin and Survivin genes was constructed and transfected into human colon cancer cell. The effect of multiple siRNA recombinant expression vector was detected by RT-PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry. It was confirmed by restriction endonuclease and sequence analysis that multiple siRNA recombinant expression vector targeting simultaneously Livin and Survivin genes was constructed successfully. Livin and Survivin genes inhibition ratio of Livin and Survivin siRNA at mRNA levels were 27.90% and 32.24%, at protein levels were 22.28% and 40.86%, the apoptotic ratio was (11.69 +/- 1.37) %, but the synergistic effect was weaker than Livin and Survivin RNA interference, respectively. The multiple siRNA recombinant expression vector targeting simultaneously Livin and Survivin genes has been constructed successfully. It can inhibit the expression of Livin and Survivin genes in human colon cancer cells, but the synergistic effect was weaker than Livin and Survivin RNA interferences, respectively.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of IAT and MAT chemotherapeutic regimens treating patients with refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). 99 patients with refractory and relapsed AML received IAT regimen or MAT regimen as study objects were retrospectively analyzed (56 patients with refractory AML and 43 patients with relapsed AML). Among of them, 28 patients were treated with IAT regimen, and 71 patients received with MAT regimen. The results showed that in 2 groups mentioned above the OR was 65.7%, CR was 49.5%, PR was 16.2%; in IAT group the OR was 64.3%, CR was 46.4%; in MAT group the OR was 66.2%, CR was 50.7%, no statistical difference was found between these 2 groups; The 2 years overall survival was 25% in IAT group and 15.5% in MAT group. Serious infection in IAT and MAT regime groups was 25% and 9.9%, respectively. It is concluded that both IAT and MAT regimens are effective methods for inducing CR in patients with refractory of relapsed AML. IAT and MAT regimens can be used in treatment of the refractory or relapsed MAL patients who were not respond to other regimen.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Cytarabine ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Vidarabine ; administration & dosage ; Young Adult

This study was purposed to analyze the clinical characteristics of multiple myeloma (MM) patients with and without renal impairment (RI) and to investigate the effect of bortezomib (Bor) on MM with RI. Clinical data of 39 MM patients (15 cases with RI, 24 cases without RI) received treatment of Bor in department of hematology in our hospital from Jan 2007 to Aug 2011 were collect and analyzed in term of clinical characteristics, curative efficacy, outcome of renal impairment and toxic reaction associated to chemotherapy. The results showed that (1) the obvious difference of the disease type, the creatinine, uric acid, serum calcium and β2-microglobulin levels existed in patients with and without RI, while there were no significant difference in hemoglobin and globin levels; (2) there were no significant difference in overall reaction rate and overall survival rate between MM patients with and without RI, however the median survival time of patients without RI was longer than that of patients with RI; (3) the RI could be reversed after the treatment with Bor, and the effect was most obvious after the first cycle. 20% MM patients with RI had recovered from RI after the first cycle; and the recovery rate from RI got up to 38.4% after the second cycle. The decline of creatinine levels had no difference between MM patients with or without RI after the second cycle. (4) The adverse events included gastrointestinal symptoms, peripheral neuropathy, thrombocytopenia and infection. There was also no difference between the 2 groups. It is concluded that Bor-based regimens for the MM patients with RI are effective and safe, and the renal function would be reversed after 2 cycle of Bor-based regimen.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Boronic Acids ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Pyrazines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Renal Insufficiency

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical situation of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies, and discuss the susceptible factors and precautions. 541 patients with hematological malignancies from 2008 Jan to 2011 Dec in hospital 307 of Chinese PLA were statistically retrospectively analyzed in term of clinical manifestation, image examination, culture results of secretions, therapy and so on. The results showed that 63 out of 541 patients got invasive fungal infections. The respiratory tract and intestinal tract were the most common infection sites (62.34 and 19.48, respectively); Candida albicans (66.67) and Candida glabrata (12.82) were the most common pathogens. It is concluded that the main risk factors are as follows: primary diseases, chemotherapy, glucocorticoid, leukopenia after chemotherapy, applications of broad-spectrum antibiotics and aging. It is suggested that a stratification of risk factors is helpful in preventing and treating invasive fungal infections.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Candida ; pathogenicity ; Child ; Cross Infection ; microbiology ; Female ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; complications ; microbiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult