No abstract available.
Female ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal*

No abstract available.
Female ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal*

AlM:To investigate the factors and solutions of Tibetan Plateau excimer laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK ) for myopia overcorrection.METHODS: The relevant information, 32 cases ( 58 eyes) in 126 cases (252 eyes) had obvious overcorrection after LASlK were analyzed.RESULTS: Two months after surgery, 32 cases ( 58 eyes) overcorrection (23. 0%), uncorrected visual acuity of 0. 5 ~0. 8, overcorrection range of +1. 50 ~ +2. 25DS, subjective inserts were ≥ 1. 0; Five case ( 7 eyes ) overcorrection 6mo after surgery (2. 8%), uncorrected visual acuity 0. 8~1. 0-2 , overcorrection range is +0. 75 ~+1. 25DS, subjective inserts were≥1. 0. Corneal thickness of overcorrection was 500~563μm, preoperative refraction was -5. 00 ~ -7. 50D, astigmatism -1. 50 ~ -2. 75DC, preoperative best corrected visual acuity ≥1. 0.CONCLUSlON: Overcorrection and long recovery time after LASlK in Tibet, possibly with local factors altitude, temperature, humidity, surgical parameters and situation.

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy and safety of Xiaozheng pills in treating mastoplasia.

METHODClinical trials were carried out by five hospitals. In each hospital, patients were divided into two groups with one group 24 patients (trial group) and the other 24 patients (control group). Total 240 patients were included in the study. According to randomized, double-blinded and placebo-controlled clinical study, the trial groups were treated by Xiaozheng pills with Rujiekang mimetic (placebo) and the control groups were treated by Rujiekang with Xiaozheng pills mimetic (placebo). Symptoms, laboratory test results as well as ADR were evaluated after 1 period of treatment.

RESULTThe overall response rates of trial group and control group were 93.8% and 88.6% respectively, no statistic difference between the two groups. No deleterious effect in both groups and the indexes of safety were normal.

CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that Xiaozheng pills are effective and safe in treating mastoplasia caused by qi stagnation, blood stasis or/and stagnation of phlegm.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Breast ; pathology ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fibrocystic Breast Disease ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea causes one of the most destructive diseases of rice around the world. Significant progresses have been made recently in genomics studies of the fungus, opening new era of the functional genomics which requires to generate a large scale of gene knockout mutants. It has been demonstrated that T-DNA insertional mutagenesis is a powerful tool of functional genomics not only for plants but also for fungi. In this paper, we optimized the conditions for T-DNA insertional mutagenesis of M. grisea using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) approach. We employed the binary vector pBHtl constructed by Dr. S. Kang's laboratory at the Pennsylvania State University, which carries the bacterial hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene (hph) under the control of the Aspergillus nidulans trpC promoter as a selectable marker to transform the conidia of M. grisea. We optimized the conditions for T-DNA insertional mutagenesis including the medium, dosage of hygromycin B, cefotaxime and carbenicillin to select the transformants and inhibit the growth of A. tumefaciens after co-culturing. The dosage to inhibit non-transformants could vary from 200-600microg/mL among different M. grisea isolates so that the optimal dosage of the antibiotics should be decided according to isolates. Rice polished agar medium was found the best selection medium which would facilitate the mutant sporulation and minimize the contamination chance. In average, about 500 transformants could be obtained when transforming 1 x 10(6) spores at the optimum condition, among which 85% had T-DNA insertion detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (TAIL-PCR). Fifteen out of 1520 transformants showed mutation in colony morphology. Within 58 randomly selected mutants, it was found that there were 4 sporulation-decreased mutants, 8 less germination mutants and 9 appressorium defective mutants. Several virulent mutants to C101LAC(Pi-1)and 75-1-127(Pi-9)were also obtained which would facilitate cloning the corresponding avirulence genes.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; genetics ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Carbenicillin ; pharmacology ; Cefotaxime ; pharmacology ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; physiology ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Hygromycin B ; pharmacology ; Magnaporthe ; drug effects ; genetics ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; methods ; Mutation ; Oryza ; microbiology ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Transformation, Genetic ; genetics ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo observe and compare perioperative myocardial enzyme changes in 107 patients with congenital (CHD, n = 53), rheumatic (RHD, n = 40) and coronary artery (CAD, n = 14) diseases, and to find whether different diseases can affect the release and recovery of myocardial enzymes after heart operations.

METHODSOn the day before operation and the 1st, 3rd, 5th and the 8th day after operation, the venous blood was taken to measure the release of myocardial enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and LDH-1.

RESULTSAll the enzymes measured before operation in three groups were in the normal range; their release increased abruptly on the 1st day postoperatively to 2 - 15 times of those before operation; on the 3rd day, they recovered to some degrees, and on the 8th day they recovered to normal in all groups except LDH and LDH-1 in rh and CAD groups. Because the aortic cross-clamp time (CCT) had a good positive correlation to the release of myocardial enzymes, those patients whose CCT was over 60 minutes in three groups were compared revealing that the CCT was not different between three groups (P < 0.05). The release of CK, CK-MB and AST was significantly higher in CHD60 group than those in CHD60 and CAD60 groups, they recovered afterwards; while the release of DH and LDH-1 was higher in CAD60 group than those in CAD60 and in CHD60 groups from the 1st day to the 8th day postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSThe release of all the 5 enzymes measured before operation was in normal range in selected CHD, RHD and CAD patients. The release peak and the recovery order of all enzymes were the same in three groups. The release of CK, CK-MB and AST was higher in CHD60 group than those in RHD60 and CAD60 groups on the 1st day. The release of LDH and LDH-1 was higher in RHD60 group than those in CHD60 and CAD60 groups from the 1st day to the 8th day postoperatively. The shorter the CCT is, the less the release of myocardial enzymes. Using the release of LDH and LDH-1 to evaluate the recovery of myocardial injury after open-heart operations was recommended.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Child ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; blood ; enzymology ; surgery ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Creatine Kinase, MB Form ; blood ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; blood ; enzymology ; surgery ; Humans ; Intraoperative Period ; Isoenzymes ; blood ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardium ; enzymology ; pathology ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; blood ; enzymology ; surgery ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the neuroprotective effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in rat ischemic brain injury.

METHODSVIP was administered via intracerebroventricular injection in SD rats prior to focal cerebral ischemia by intraluminal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The infarct volume was assessed with TTC staining, and immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the S100beta expression in the cerebral tissue, with the serum concentrations of S100beta detected by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSAfter VIP injection, the relative infarct volume in the rats with cerebral ischemia was significantly reduced by 32.3% as compared with the volume in the control group on day 1 (P<0.05), and the number of S100beta-positive cells was significantly decreased in the cerebral tissue (P<0.05). The injection also resulted in significantly decreased serum S100beta concentrations in the rats (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONVIP injection can reduce the infarct volume in rats with focal cerebral ischemia, suggesting the neuroprotective effect of VIP in brain ischemia possibly by reducing S100beta overexpression.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Cerebral Infarction ; prevention & control ; Nerve Growth Factors ; blood ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; S100 Proteins ; blood ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on pulmonary vascular resistance in patients after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC).

METHODSFifty-two patients after TCPC were evaluated, of them 24 patients were administered with inhaled nitric oxide in the early postoperative period. The cardiac index (CI) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were compared before and after inhaled NO.

RESULTSIn experimental group, after inhaled NO, partial pressure of oxygen in artery/fraction of inspired oxygen increased from 161 +/- 17 to 193 +/- 23 (t = 2.75, P < 0.01); CI from (2.86 +/- 0.24) L.min(-1).m(-2) to (3.13 +/- 0.22) L.min(-1).m(-2) (t = 2.25, P < 0.05); PVR decreased from (4.2 +/- 0.5) U/m(2) to (3.8 +/- 1.4) U/m(2) (t = 2.29, P < 0.05); central venous pressure (CVP) from (17.0 +/- 1.8) mm Hg to (15.0 +/- 1.1) mm Hg, decreased 11.7%. Compared with the control group, respirator time decreased from (86 +/- 27) h to (54 +/- 18) h (t = 2.29, P < 0.05); ICU time from (6 +/- 2) d to (4 +/- 2) d (t = 2.32, P < 0.05); But hydrothorax drainage and length of stay had no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONSThough inhaled NO, there is no significant long-term effects in patients after TCPC, but it may play an important role in the management of low cardiac output syndrome and high cava pressure caused by reactive elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in the early postoperative period of TCPC.

Administration, Inhalation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical ; methods ; Cardiac Output ; drug effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Postoperative Period ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiology ; surgery ; Time Factors ; Vascular Resistance ; drug effects ; Vasodilator Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Venae Cavae ; surgery

BACKGROUND: With the continuous development of finite element method in biomechanics of orthopedics, the study of spine-related diseases by finite element method has become the main research direction nowadays. Especially, the stress analysis of internal fixation of the spine, the mechanical effect of different internal fixation and the development of new internal fixation are the current hot spot. Spondylolysis is a common disease of the spine. Especially when anatomical bone defects occur, the pathological model and biomechanics of the spine after surgery have corresponding mechanical changes. OBJECTIVE: To review the method of establishing spondylolysis models, the verification of the models and the pplication of finite element models of spondylolysis in various fields, and to summarize the application prospect and value of finite element modeling in lumbar spondylolysis. METHODS: The first author used computer to search the PubMed database and China Journal Full-text Database from January 1998 to December 2016 for related articles. Key words were "finite element, lumbar spine, isthmus, model". A total of 123 related articles were retrieved and 53 articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At present, finite element analysis of spondylolysis can well reflect the mechanical condition of internal bone. The finite element model of spondylolysis can be used to evaluate the structure and shape of lumbar spine (such as the defect isthmus), the material properties of different anatomical sites (lamina terminalis, cancellated bone and cortical bone) as well as the load of the spine under different exercise states. In particular, stress analysis of the internal structure of the vertebral body and the ancillary structures of the spine (such as disc and articular process) has obvious advantages. (2) In addition, the reconstruction data of the finite element model are derived from the original CT of the patient,and the simulation is high.Compared with the in vitro experiments,the finite element simulation of spondylolysis is reliable and can reduce the damage to the experimental subjects caused by external forces and radiation, and can effectively avoid medical ethics problem.

Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of human brucellosis in Jiangxi province from 2011 to 2017，thereby providing reference for future prevention and control work. Methods We analyzed the case information reported in the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System of Jiangxi Province during 2011-2017 by combining with the monitoring data. Results A total of 239 cases were recorded over these six years, with an average incidence rate of 0.08/100 000. Most cases and agglomerations were concentrated in the Nanchang area (48 cases/4 cases), with the case distribution ranging from 1 in 2011 to all in 2016, and the number of counties(districts) involved had increased from 1 in 2011 to 68 in 2017, which increased rapidly year by year ( 2= 94.31, P<0.001). The gender ratio was 3.12 ∶〗1(181 ∶〗58). Most cases were concentrated in the 40-65 age group, while farmers and herdsmen were high-risk population, accounting for 59.83 % (143/239). The incidence of brucellosis peaked from May to September (May peak and September peak). In 2012-2017, 7 160 blood samples were collected from risk population, with 95 being positive for Brucella (1.33 %). From 2013 to 2017, 62 strains of the Brucella, 4 were Brucella melitensis type1, 54 were Brucella melitensis type3 and 4 were Brucella suis were isolated from 193 cases. Conclusions The human brucellosis was aggravated in Jiangxi province, with the expansion of regional scope. Therefore, more efforts should be focused on regulation to prevent and control brucellosis better.