Objective To investigate the clinical significance of serum microRNA-151a-3p (miR-151a-3p) expression in peripheral blood of patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI), and to analyze the correlation between miR-151a-3p and related inflammatory factors, in order to obtain new evidence and ideas in the diagnosis and treatment of ACI. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted. The clinical data of patients with ACI admitted to Department of Neurology of People's Hospital of Wuhan University from April to July in 2004 were enrolled. 114 ACI patients with first onset and duration of 2-14 days served as the research objects, and in the same period 58 healthy persons with matched age, and gender served as healthy control group. The risk factors of cerebral infarction in ACI patients and levels of serum miR-151a-3p, interleukins (IL-6, IL-8), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in all the subjects were completely recorded. The correlation between serum miR-151a-3p and the area and type of cerebral infarction, the causes of infarction as well as the inflammatory cytokines was analyzed. The correlation of 10-year survival rate of patients with different expression levels of miR-151a-3p in patients with ACI was analyzed. Results A total of 114 patients with ACI were enrolled, with 59 male, 55 female, and age ranged 48-63 years with a mean of (55.0±6.7) years. Large infarction was found in 25 cases, middle sized infarction in 26 cases, small infarction in 53 cases, and lacunar infarction in 10 cases. According to the modified Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment (TOAST), the patients were classified as thrombotic cerebral infarction (AT) 92 cases, embolism (CE) from cardiac origin 10 cases, and small arterial occlusive cerebral infarction (SAD) 12 cases. After eliminating the influence of cerebral infarction risk factors on the expression level of miRNAs, and compared with that of healthy control group, the level of serum miR-151a-3p expression was significantly increased in ACI group (2-ΔΔCt: 2.28±1.85 vs. 1.27±0.98, P < 0.01); the levels of serum miR-151a-3p in large, middle, small, lacunar infarction groups were markedly up-regulated (2-ΔΔCt: 1.78±1.02, 1.92±1.11, 2.22±1.54, 2.61±1.82 vs. 1.27±0.98, all P < 0.05) with no significant difference among different infarction groups. The serum miR-151a-3p expression in AT and CE groups was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group (2-ΔΔCt: 2.01±1.45, 1.99±0.89 vs. 1.27±0.98, both P < 0.05), but no significant difference was found between SAD group and healthy control group (2-ΔΔCt: 1.72±0.30 vs. 1.27±0.98, P > 0.05). The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, CRP and TNF-α in ACI group were all higher than those of healthy control group [IL-6 (ng/L): 45.21±14.33 vs. 39.70±13.15, IL-8 (μg/L): 29.12±14.92 vs. 22.50±10.12, CRP (mg/L): 6.61±3.02 vs. 5.40±2.75, TNF-α (ng/L): 65.20±16.14 vs. 55.70±14.35, all P < 0.05]. In addition, higher expression of serum pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-8, CRP and TNF-α were positively correlated with miR-151a-3p (R2 value were 0.092, 0.055, 0.034, 0.036, all P < 0.05). Ten-year survival rate was higher in patients with low expression of miR-151a-3p [with 1.27±1.98 as the boundary, 48.57% (17/35) vs. 34.18% (27/79), log-rank = 3.411, P = 0.045]. Conclusions Up-regulated serum miR-151a-3p may be involved in the pathophysiology of ACI. Therefore, miR-151a-3p may be used as a reference to predict the severity of neurological deficit in clinic.

Objective This study was designed to assess whether Bushen Tongluo Fang(BSTLF),a Chinese materia medica formula,can ameliorate the hypercoagulable state in rats with membranous glomerulonephritis(MGN)induced by cationized bovine serum albumin(C-BSA)in order to gain an insight into the mechanisms responsible for its therapeutic effect.Methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly separated into six groups:the normal control group,the MGN model group,the prednisone-plus-aspirin treatment group,and the low-,moderate-,and high-dose groups of BSTLF.The model of MGN was induced by sc(preimmunization)and iv injections of C-BSA in the latter five groups.After the development of MGN model,the decoctions of BSTLF and the prednisone-plus-aspirin solution were ig administered to the treatment groups respectively twice daily for four weeks.The rats in the model group received their drinking water as vehicle controls.Urinary albumin excretion for 24 h was measured using a rat albumin ELISA kit.The platelet aggregation was analyzed by turbidimetry.The plasma level of fibri-nogen(Fib)was determined by the von Clauss assay.Radioimmunoassay was used to examine thromboxane B2(TXB2)and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1?(6-keto-PGF1?)of the renal cortex.Results Urinary albumin excretion for 24 h,maximal platelet aggregation,plasma Fib level,and TXB2 production of renal cortex in the MGN model group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group,respectively.Compared with the MGN model group,these four measurements were decreased significantly in BSTLF-treated groups.The 6-keto-PGF1? production of renal cortex in the MGN model group was subnormal but no statistically significant differences were observed between the model group and BSTLF groups.Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the administration of BSTLF could attenuate platelet aggregability,lower plasma level of Fib and reduce thromboxane A2 production by renal cortex in the rats with MGN,so that their hypercoagulable state is corrected at least partly and glomerular microthroimbosis is prevented in several ways.These effects may contribute considerably to the mechanisms of BSTLF efficacy for chronic nephritis.

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Objective To investigate the characteristics of clinical course and outcome in elderly patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NUGB) Methods The 206 hospitalized patients were devided into elderly group (≥60 yrs, 105 cases) and non elderly growp (

Objective To investigate the respiratory mechanics and treatment outcomes of different types of mechanical ventilation for patients with neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS):the high frequency oscillation ventilation + pulmonary surfactant (HFOV+PS),conventional mechanical ventilation + pulmonary surfactant(CMV+PS),conventional mechanical ventilation(CMV). Methods Seventy-five cases with neonatal ARDS,25 cases in the HFOV+PS group,30 cases in the CMV+PS group,20 cases in the CMV group. Patients in the former two groups received 70 mg/kg PS at a time. PaO2,PaCO2,PaO2/FiO2,oxygenation index(OI)and respiratory index(RI)were detected at 0 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h post-mechanical ventilation. Results At 12, 24,and 48 hours post-mechanical ventilation,patients in the HFOV+PS group had a significantly higher level of PaO2 and a significantly lower level of PaCO2 than those of patients in the CMV+PS group and the CMV group(P<0.05). At 12,24,48,and 72 hours post-mechanical ventilation,patients in the HFOV+PS group had a significantly higher level of PaO2/FiO2 and significantly lower level of OI and RI than those of patients in the CMV+PS group and the CMV group (P < 0.05,respectively). Patients in the HFOV+PS group also had significantly shorter durations of mechanical ventilation and oxygen usage than those of patients in the CMV+PS group and the CMV group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in Gas leak,the incidence of intracerebral haemorrhage and cure rate among the three groups. Conclusions Application of HFOV with PS therapy for patients with neonatal ARDS can timely improve the oxygenation,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and the usage of oxygen,without increasing complications.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of different length and diameters on the stability of mini implant and to select optimal length and diameter using continuous variation of parameters.

METHODSTo perform 3-dimensional finite element analysis, finite element models of a maxilla, and mini implants with length of 6-12 mm and diameters of 1.2-2.0 mm were generated. Load of two different forces were applied to the head of mini implant. One type was horizontal force (HF), the other was composite force (CF). The maximum equivalent stress (Max EQV) in maxilla and the maximum displacement (Max DM) of mini implant were evaluated.

RESULTSThe Max EQV in maxilla and Max DM of mini implant decreased as length and diameter increased. When length was more than 9 mm, the evaluation indexes were small and had a less change. Datas indicated that diameter played a more important role in reducing target, and was a more effective parameter in reducing Max EQV when CF was loaded.

CONCLUSIONFrom biomechanical point of view, the choice of the length should not be more than 9 mm. When CF is loaded using the mini implant, diameter exceeding 1.2 mm are optimal design for mini implant.

Objective To explore the effect of extracurricular activities based on specialist nursing clinic. Methods Thirty-four undergraduate nursing students of grade 2013 in the Capital Medical University were enrolled in the study. After learning of nursing theories for senile dementia, the extracurricular activities based onspecialist nursing clinicwere carried out. Before and after the second class activities, the caring ability inventory scale and self scale-rating for self-directed learning (SRSSDL) were used to assess 34 students. Result After the activities, students' caring ability and self-directed learning ability were statistically significantly improved (P<0.01). Conclusion The extracurricular activities based onspecialist nursing cliniccan stimulate the learning interest of nursing students and improve their self-directed learning ability and humanistic care ability.

AIMTo study the crystalline characteristics of ceftezole sodium.

METHODSCeftezole sodium crystals were obtained from different solvents. X-ray diffraction, DSC, TGA, etc were used to analyze the crytals.

RESULTSCeftezole sodium crystal was easily obtained in isopropanol-water mixture. It consists of ceftizole sodium monohydrate, which consists of type I and type II two different crystal forms. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns showed differences between type I and the type II crystal forms. Peaks at 8 degrees and 18 degrees in diffractograms of the type I, but at 9 degrees and 18.6 degrees in the type II could be observed. Water molecules in different crystal forms had different combining condition. They lost during 35-117 degrees C in the type I form, but lost during 110-160 degrees C in the type II form.

CONCLUSIONStructure of ceftizole sodium monohydrate crystal obtained in different circumstance could be some vary, which influence upon the thermal stability of the compound. The type I crystal form is more stable than the type II.

Objective To study the effects of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and nitric oxide(NO) in post-asphyxial renal injury in neonatal rats.Methods Forty-eight Wistar neonatal rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:controls,2 h,24 h and 48 h post-asphyxia groups (12 in each group).The rats were decapitated in different times(2 h,24 h and 48 h) after asphyxia for 30 minutes.The renals were dissected to determined the concentrations of NO and NOS.And the scores of renal tubules were measured under light microscope.Results Compared with control group,the levels of NO and NOS significantly increased at 2 h and 24 h after asphyxia.The scores of renal tubules were significant difference at 24 h and 48 h after asphyxia compared to controls.Conclusion These findings suggest NOS and NO may play an important role in the development of post-asphyxia renal injury.

0.05).Conclusion There is no association between IL-2 levels in NS and RSV bronchitis.The IL-2 levels show a heterogenous behavior.