Adult ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Point Mutation ; Retrospective Studies

Chongqing Medical University selected some five-year clinical medical undergradu-ates to set up the pilot class which was called 'clinician excellent class' and implemented the 'organ-systems-based curriculum' (OSBC) integration teaching reform on them. The OSBC teaching of the cardiovascular system breaks the traditional pattern, and carries on the comprehensive reorganization to the curriculum contents and the teaching personnel, and emphasizes the collective preparation, the new teaching method and the reasonable evaluation system. Although OSBC teaching of the cardiovas-cular system has made some achievements, but there are still many deficiencies need to reflect on and improve.

It is held by some of the researches that the "16 collaterals" is composed of the "15 collaterals" and "the major collateral of stomach". And it is included into the textbook that Xuli, the major collateral of stomach, is the pulsation point at the cardiac region. Xuli is often explained as the empty portion of the human body by many researches. Through analysis and summarization of the related theory of the major collateral of stomach, the above mentioned opinion is discussed. And the understanding on the major collateral of stomach is deepened. As a result, it is concluded that count the major collateral of stomach into the 16 collaterals together with the 15 collaterals is inadvisable. The real pulsation point at the cardiac region locates under the left breast. And the real meaning of Xuli is "extending in all directions".
Acupuncture ; history ; China ; Collateral Circulation ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians ; Stomach ; blood supply

Objective To identify the T cell epitopes from ovarian cancer associated anti-idiotypic antibody 6B11in order to explore the molecular basis of 6B11 induced cellular immune responses against ovarian cancer.Methods Potential human leukocyte antigen(HLA)A0201 ligands were predicted by using SYFPEITHI algorithm and tested by the T2 binding assay for screening of HLA-A2 binding peptides from 6B11 complimentary determining region(CDR).Cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL)to 6B11 or peptides were generated by 3 rounds of in vitro stimulation with 6B11 or peptide-pulsod dendritic cells(DC),and then tested by 51Cr-release assay to ascertain the CTL epitope of 6B11.Cell proliferation assay was performed by using 6B11 specific CTL as responder cells and peptide-pulsed DC as stimulators to ascertain the helper T lymphocyte(Th)epitope of 6B11.Cytokine assay and interferon-γ ELISPOT assay were performed to verify the CTL and Th epitope of 6B11 further.Results Light chain CDR3 peptide(VL CDR3)of 6B11 induced specific CTL to kill HLA-A2 and target antigen positive ovarian cancer cells,which could be blocked by anti human major histocompatibility complex(MHC)Ⅰ antibody.Heavy chain CDR3 peptide(VH CDR3)of 6B11 stimulated the proliferation of 6B11-primed CTL,which could be blocked mainly by anti human MHC-Ⅱ antibody,and further experiments showed that part of the VH CDR3 peptide-primed CTL killed K562 cells.Peptides in VL CDR3 and VH CDR3 were the CTL and Th epitope mimicking the original antigen of 6B11 respectively.Collaboration of 6B11 CTL and Th epitope,or 6B11 CTL epitope and keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH),the former was more powerful in inducing specific cellular immune responses against ovarian cancer.6B11 or corresponding CTL and Th epitope specific CIL secreted high levels of interleukin-2 (1630,1503 ng/L)and interferon-γ(5620,5421 ng/L),while basal level of interleukin-4 was detected (253,274 ng/L).ELISPOT assay confirmed the existence of specific interferon-γ secreting cells in 6811 or epitopes specific CTL(196/1×106 T cell,184/1×106 T cell).Conclusions VL CDR3 and VH CDR3 peptides of 6B11 are the CTL and Th epitopes mimicking original antigen which could duplicate the activity of intact 6B11 to induce the cellular immune responses against ovarian cancer.The results have significant theoretical and practical value in application of anti-idiotypic antibody ag anti tumor vaccine.The acquired CTL and Th epitopes as constituents of future multiple peptides against ovarian cancer could be used in peptide vaccine based ovarian cancer therapy.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Parathyroid Glands

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of Mobi-C cervical artificial disc replacement (CADR) and anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) in treating single cervical disc herniation.

METHODSFrom June 2009 to June 2012, the clinical data of 27 patients with single cervical disc herniation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 18 males and 9 females, aged from 30 to 62 years old with an average of 46.7 years. Of them, 12 patients were treated with CADR (CADR group) and 15 patients with ACDF (ACDF group). All patients had pain and numbness in neck, shoulder and upper limbs, and courses of disease was from 1 to 13 months with an average of 2.4 months. The data of clinical evaluation and questionnaire survey about quality of life were collected before operation, postoperative at 1 week and final follow-up. Odom criterion was used to evaluate postoperative effect. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to record pain levels. Neck disability index (NDI) and health questionnaire SF-36 were used to assess the quality of life.

RESULTSNo complications about nerve and blood vessel were found and the patients were followed up from 6 to 30 months, with an average of 16 months. One week after operation, 10 cases got excellent results and 2 good in CADR group; 5 cases got excellent results and 10 good in ACDF group; there was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). At final follow-up, 10 cases got excellent results and 2 good in CADR group; 12 cases got excellent results and 3 good in ACDF group; there was no significant difference between two groups (P> 0.05). Pain of upper limbs had obviously relieved between two groups at 1 week after operation and final follow-up (P<0.05). VAS of neck and NDI in CADR group had decreased respectively from preoperative 3.58±0.79, 23.42±6.36 to 0.58±0.51, 5.42±1.68 at 1 week after operation (P<0.05); but the index in ACDF group was no obvious at 1 week after operation. At final follow-up, VAS of neck and NDI and SF-36 score were obviously improved than preoperation (P<0.05) between two groups.

CONCLUSIONMobi-C CADR retains the movement unit in the decompression segment and can quickly recover normal action for patients. Using CADR method has a good curative effect in the early phase, and the clinical effect is reliable, may improve the quality of life.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Total Disc Replacement ; methods ; Visual Analog Scale

Using the chromosomal DNA of an ice nucleation active bacterium Erwinia ananas 110 as template, an ice nucleation active (ina) gene was amplified by PCR with Taq plusI DNA polymerase. After sequencing and compared with reported ina genes, the cloned gene was identified as a new ina gene and was registered in GenBank at the accession number of AF387802. The new ina gene, named as iceA, has 3921 bp for its coding region, which encodes 1306 amino acids consisting of repetitive segment (R-domain, 1104aa), which is flanked by N-and C-terminal sequences, with 161 aa and 41aa, respectively.

14)than those of group C(3.3%,P 17)than group C(6.7%,P0.05).Conclusion The onset and delayed cure of some chronic urticaria may be related to anxiety and depression.

OBJECTIVETo identify the biomechanical feasibility of the thoracic extrapedicular approach to the placement of screws.

METHODSFive fresh adult cadaveric thoracic spine from T1 to T8 were harvested. The screw was inserted either by pedicular approach or extrapedicular approach. The result was observed and the pullout strength by pedicular screw approach and extrapedicular screw approach via sagittal axis of the vertebrale was measured and compared statistically.

RESULTSIn thoracic pedicular approach, the pullout strength of pedicle screw was 1001.23 N+/-220 N (288.2-1561.7 N)ls and that of thoracic extrapedicular screw approach was 827.01 N+/-260 N when screw was inserted into the vertebrae through transverse process, and 954.25 N+/-254 N when screw was inserted into the vertebrae through the lateral cortex of the pedicle. Compared with pedicular group, the pullout strength in extrapedicular group was decreased by 4.7% inserted through transverse process (P larger than 0.05) and by 17.3% inserted through the lateral cortex (P less than 0.05). The mean pullout strength by extrapedicular approach was decreased by 11.04% as compared with pedicular approach (P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIt is feasible biomechanically to use extrapedicular screw technique to insert pedicular screws in the thoracic spine when it is hard to insert by pedicular approach.

Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; surgery

OBJECTIVE：To test and verify the piping cleaning effect in infusion solution productive process.METHODS:Targets of final washing water of pipe were determined.RESULTS:Targets of final washing water of pipe were that electrical conductivity of entrance of pipe was equal to that of exit of pipe essentially,limitation of bacteria and endotoxin were as follows:＜50CFU/ml,＜0.25EU/ml.CONCLUSIONS:According to the clean rules laid down by pharmaceutical Factory of Shanquan,Jinan,The desired cleaning effect of the pipe of infusion solution can be achieved.