Objective To observe the effects of porous polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid copolymer(PLGA) filling into extraction socket on the regeneration of alveolar bone in rats.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into experimental group and control group(n=30).PLGA scaffold was immediately implanted in the mandibular incisor root sockets after removal of incisor teeth.Soft X-ray photography,structural observation,light microscopy were used to evaluate the effects of composite on bone healing in a rat tooth extraction socket.Results The relative lengths of residual alveolar ridge in the experimental group 4,8 weeks after operation were shorter than that in the control group,and there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group(P

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic technigue. This paper expounds the design and manufacture of the TMS system, which meets all the requirements of the TMS study and clinical diagnosis and treatments.
Cerebral Cortex ; physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; instrumentation ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; instrumentation

AIMTo determine the effect of local simvastatin application on the mRNA expression level of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the tooth sockets of rat.

METHODOLOGYForty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n = 24). Polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid copolymer carriers, with or without simvastatin, were implanted into extraction sockets of right mandibular incisors. The expression of TGF-beta1, BMP-2 and VEGF mRNA was determined by in situ hybridization in the tooth extraction socket at five days, one week, two weeks and four weeks after implantation.

RESULTSThe fusiform stroma cells in the tooth extraction socket began to express TGF-beta1, BMP-2 and VEGF mRNA in both experimental and control groups from one week after tooth extraction until the end of experiment. The expression of TGF-beta1 and BMP-2 mRNA in the experimental group was significantly up-regulated after one, two and four weeks, and expression of VEGF mRNA was significantly increased after one and two weeks compared with that in the control group.

CONCLUSIONThe findings indicate that local administration of simvastatin can influence alveolar bone remodeling by regulating the expression of a school of growth factors which are crucial to osteogenesis in the tooth extraction socket.

Alveolar Process ; drug effects ; Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; analysis ; drug effects ; Bone Remodeling ; drug effects ; Drug Carriers ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; In Situ Hybridization ; Lactic Acid ; Male ; Mandible ; drug effects ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; Polyglycolic Acid ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Simvastatin ; pharmacology ; Stromal Cells ; drug effects ; Time Factors ; Tooth Socket ; drug effects ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; analysis ; drug effects ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; analysis ; drug effects

Objective: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of hybrid thoracoscopic surgery and catheter ablation in treating the patients of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) with preliminary experience. Methods: A total of 15 consecutive relevant patients treated in our hospital by hybrid thoracoscopic surgery and catheter ablation from 2014-04 to 2016-03 were studied. The average AF time was (4.0±3.9) years including 13 male. All patients received thoracoscopic surgical ablation including pulmonary vein isolation, left atrial (LA) posterior wall isolation, Waterston's groove Ganglionated plexi ablation by bipolar radiofrequency ablation clamp and LA appendage removal, Marshall ligament dividing. Then establishing LA 3D-modeling, based on LA 3D voltage mapping, catheter ablation was conducted to reinforce surgical ablation or modification in order to confirm bidirectional blocking. Meanwhile, LA ridge and mitral isthmus ablation was performed, some patients received LA anterior wall and tricuspid isthmus ablation. The patients were followed-up at 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure. Results: 13 patients were restored to sinus rhythm after the procedure and no operative complications occurred. The average follow-up time was (12.1±11.5) months. 2 patients with recovered sinus rhythm had re-catheter ablation since atrial flutter at 3 months post-procedure and sinus rhythm was restored. The overall success rate was 86.7% (13/15), no patient had anti-arrhgthmia medication. Conclusion: Hybrid thoracoscopic ablation and catheter ablation have been a minimally invasive, safe and effective method in treating the patients of long-standing persistent AF.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy after D2 dissection on survival for patients with gastric cancer.

METHODSRandomized clinical trials (RCT) that compared adjuvant chemotherapy after D2 dissection with D2 dissection alone for gastric cancer were searched with Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase and CBM databases. Eligible trials published between 1990 and 2012 were included in the study. The quality of RCTs was assessed by the Jadad scale. Data synthesis and statistical analysis were performed by RevMan 5.1 software.

RESULTEight RCTs with 3633 patients were included in this study. Among them, 1824 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and 1809 patients didn't. Adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a significant benefit in terms of overall survival (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.69-0.84), disease free survival (RR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.66-0.80) and recurrence rate (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.62-0.77).

CONCLUSIONAdjuvant chemotherapy was associated with survival benefit for gastric cancer after D2 dissection.

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prognosis ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; surgery ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo construct a rheumatoid arthritis-specific full-length fully human mammalian display antibody libraries.

METHODSPeripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The repertoires of kappa light chain (LCκ) and heavy chain variable region (VH) of the antibodies were amplified by RT-PCR. The amplified LCκ and VH genes were inserted into the vector pDGB-HC-TM separately, and the ligated libraries were transformed into competent E.coli TOPO-10 strain to construct the rheumatoid arthritis-specific antibody heavy and light chain libraries. 293T cells were co-transfected with the libraries and the full-length fully human antibody expressed on the surface of 293T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe libraries of rheumatoid arthritis-specific antibody LCκ and heavy chain (IgG1) were constructed. The expression of full-length fully human antibody on the surface of 293T cells was confirmed by flow cytometry. With the rates of correct LCκ and heavy chain sequence insertion reaching 80% and 60%, respectively, as shown by DNA sequence analysis of the randomly selected clones, the libraries showed an expressible combinatory diversity of 6.13×10(10).

CONCLUSIONThe constructed libraries provide a useful platform for screening rheumatoid arthritis-specific antibodies.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies ; genetics ; immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; immunology ; Cell Surface Display Techniques ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Lymphocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Library ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Transfection

Although reports of hypoplasia or absence of the liver of left lobe are not few, descriptions of the intrahepatic vessels are rare but valuable for discussion of the pathogenesis. The present report demonstrates a case of the left surgical lobe hypoplasia that is characterized by 1) the scar-like lobe with few parenchymal tissue and dilated bile ducts, 2) no Spiegel's lobe with the portal vein stuck to the inferior vena cava, 3) unusual configurations of the right hepatic vein and the 8th segmental portal vein branch, 4) the hepatic groove on S8, and 5) the trifurcation pattern of the portal vein primary division. According to the macroscopic and histological observations, we hypothesized that the secondary abnormal peritoneal fusion occurred in utero and/or during the postnatal growth, and that it involved the left portal vein and other adjacent structures, resulting in severe atrophy of the left surgical lobe.
Cadaver ; Female ; Human ; Korea ; Liver/*blood supply/*pathology ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneum/pathology ; Portal Vein/*pathology

In addition to its well established role as a neurotransmitter, extracellular ATP has been considered as a paracrine/autocrine factor, either released from sperm or epithelial cells, in the male reproductive tract and shown to play a versatile role in modulating various reproductive functions. This review summarizes the signal pathways through which ATP induces anion secretion by the epithelia of the epididymis, as well as its epithelium-dependent modulation of smooth muscle contraction of the vas deferens. Finally, the overall role of ATP in coordinating various reproductive events in the male genital tract is discussed.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; physiology ; Animals ; Epididymis ; physiology ; Epithelium ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Urogenital System ; physiology ; Vas Deferens ; physiology

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between -1438A/G polymorphism of 5-HT2A receptor gene and schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population. METHODS: A sample of 184 Korean patients with schizophrenia and 96 Korean healthy normal controls and 96 Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia and 96 Han-Chinese healthy normal controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism with in 5-HT2A receptor gene (promoter region, A-1438G) by Msp I Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: There was no difference in allelic frequencies and genotype frequencies of -1438A/G polymorphism between Korean schizophrenics and controls (p=0.13) and Han Chinese schizophrenics and controls (p=0.40). Also, -1438A/G polymorphism did not show ethnical difference between Korean and Han Chinese controls. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) scores showed no significant differences between genotypes of -1438A/G polymorphism in both of Korean and Han Chinese schizophrenics. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A receptor gene is not causally related to the development of schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population, and there no ethnic difference between Korean and Han Chinese population.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A* ; Schizophrenia*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between -1438A/G polymorphism of 5-HT2A receptor gene and schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population. METHODS: A sample of 184 Korean patients with schizophrenia and 96 Korean healthy normal controls and 96 Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia and 96 Han-Chinese healthy normal controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism with in 5-HT2A receptor gene (promoter region, A-1438G) by Msp I Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: There was no difference in allelic frequencies and genotype frequencies of -1438A/G polymorphism between Korean schizophrenics and controls (p=0.13) and Han Chinese schizophrenics and controls (p=0.40). Also, -1438A/G polymorphism did not show ethnical difference between Korean and Han Chinese controls. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) scores showed no significant differences between genotypes of -1438A/G polymorphism in both of Korean and Han Chinese schizophrenics. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A receptor gene is not causally related to the development of schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population, and there no ethnic difference between Korean and Han Chinese population.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A* ; Schizophrenia*