Objective To compare the value of transrectal real -time elastography ( TRTE) with dynamic contrast material -en-hanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for prostate cancer detection.Methods A total of 60 men (mean age 71years, range 43 to 83) with serum PSA levels of greater than 4.0ng/ml were assessed using gray -scale transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), transrectal real-time elastography ( TRTE ) and dynamic contrast material -enhanced magnetic resonance imaging ( DCE -MRI ) .Subsequently , these patients underwent systematic sextant transrectal biopsy and additional biopsies for positive sites on gray -scale TRUS, TRTE and DCE-MRI.The cancer detection rates of the 3 techniques were compared .Results Cancer was detected in 23 of the 60 patients (23/60,38.3%).TRTE and DCE-MRI had a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 73.9%,78.3%,87.0%,80.1%,75.1%, 89.2%,78.3%,76.7%,88.3%respectively.TRTE and DCE-MRI guided targeted biopsy improve the positive detection rate of pros-tate cancer, compared with TRUS (P<0.05).Conclusion TRTE and DCE-MRI can improve the detection rate of the increase of ser-um PSA in patients with prostate cancer , so as to improve the positive rate of prostate biopsy diagnosis ,provide strong support for clinical diagnosis

The volume of blood serum originally required for the estimation of alkaline phosphatase by Boclanaky's method has been reduced from 1.0 ml to 0.02 ml. The results obtained with this micro method were in close agreement with those obtained from the original macro procedure. Using this improved method the activity of the serum alkaline phosphatase of 144 apparently normal infants aged from 1-0 months were determined, giving an average value of .11.3 Bodansky units per 100 ml serum which is slightly higher than those found in the literature.

ObjectiveTo study the utility of multi-modal guiding in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies.MethodsA total of 115 consecutive patients suspicious for prostate cancer due to elevated serum prostate specific antigen level were enrolled in this prospective study. All patients underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), transrectal real-time elastography (TRTE) and contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CETRUS). Both positive sites on above imaging studies and 6 core-systematic biopsy sites were included in transrectal biopsy. The impact of targeted biopsies on the prostate cancer detection rate was analyzed in comparison with prostate biopsy pathology.Results The overall prostate cancer detection rate was 55% (63/115). TRTE and CETRUS had a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 71% (45/63), 81% (42/52), 76% (87/115), and 65% (41/63), 83% (43/52), 73% (84/115), respectively. Compared with TRUS, TRTE and CETRUS guided targeted biopsy improve the sensitivity of prostate cancer (χ2=14.950, 10.754,P=0.002, 0.013), specificity (χ2=0.256, 20.021,P=0.006, 0.009), accuracy (χ2=5.735,10.361, P=0.020, 0.011). Targeted biopsy could improve the detection rate of prostate cancer (χ2=9.021, 23.176,P=0.042, 0.000). On the operating characteristic (ROC) curve of TRTE, the area under the curve was 0.834 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.742-0.926.ConclusionCombined with the application of new technology of ultrasound to improve positive rate of prostate cancer, improving the multi-mode ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy positive rate, and has important clinical significance for early screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Objective To observe the serum level of C-reactive protein(CRP) in transient ischemic attack(TIA) patients,and to assess the correlation between CRP and other dangerous factors of cerebral infarction.Methods 102 TIA patients were divided into two groups: TIA deteriorated into cerebral infarction in two weeks(group A,n=40) and TIA could be relieved in two weeks(group B,n=62).Many factors were measured within 24 h,such as CRP,BP,BS,FIB,TC,TG,HDL-L,and LDL-L.67 healthy subjects were usded as control group.Relative analysis was performed between CRP and 8 parameters mentioned above.Results ①The serum CRP level of TIA patients was higher than that of healthy controls(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the significance of hearing screening combined with gene screening for neonates with high-risk of hearing impairment.MethodsNeonates admitted to the Neonatal Department of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital between July 2013 and June 2014 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into high-risk group (with high-risk for hearing impairment) (n=3 129), and control group (n=5 106). Neonate hearing screening was carried out using otoacoustic emission and automated auditory brainstem response. Blood samples were collected using a standard protocol for detecting the mutations of four common deafness genes, includingGJB2,GJB3,SLC26A4 and mitochondrial 12s rRNA.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of the pass rate of hearing screening and positive rate of gene mutations between the two groups.ResultsThe rates of failure on otoacoustic emission, automated auditory brainstem response or both in the high-risk group were 11.92% (373/3 129), 10.32% (323/3 129) and 4.83% (151/3 129), respectively, higher than those in the control group [5.03%(257/5 106), 6.56%(335/5 106) and 2.02% (103/5 106)] (χ2=130.265, 37.354 and 51.196, allP=0.000). In the high-risk group, the overall positive rate of gene mutations was 5.63% (176/3 129), and theGJB2 andSLC26A4 gene mutation rates were 3.04% (95/3 129) and 2.40% (75/3 129)], all higher than the control group [3.15% (161/5 106), 2.04% (104/5 106) and 1.06% (54/5106)] (χ2=30.301, 8.216 and 22.517, allP<0.01). But the mitochondria 12S rRNA gene andGJB3 gene mutation rates were the same in high-risk group and control group [0.19% (6/3 129) vs 0.06% (3/5 106); 0.03% (1/3 129) vs 0.00%(0/5 106), bothP>0.05]. The rates of failure on otoacoustic emission and automated auditory brainstem response of the neonates with deafness gene mutations were 9.50% (32/337) and 10.39% (35/337), respectively, higher than the neonates without [1.14% (90/7 898) and 1.29% (102/7 898)] (χ2=154.621 and 163.399, both P=0.000).ConclusionCombined hearing screening is of clinical significance for neonates with high-risk of hearing impairment.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Ghrelin on the contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle. Methods The effect of different concentrations of Ghrelin (0;20;40;80 μg/kg) on the small intestinal transit in vagotomized rats in vivo and Ghrelin (0.01; 0.1;0.5 ; 1.0 μmol/L) on the contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle strips in vitro was observed,the locations of Ghrelin receptors (GHS-R1 a) in small intestinal muscle layers were detected by immunofluorescency. Results Ghrelin dose-dependently increases small intestinal transit (( 25.4 ± 1.0)％,(33.7 ± 1.9)％,(39.3 ±2.4)％,(44.7 ±2.1)％),enhances the contraction ((67.0 ±2.4)％,(149.5 ±3.3)％,(187.1 ±4.7)％,(213.5 ±3.4)％) and relaxation ((35.3 ± 1.1)％,(62.9 ± 3.8 ) ％,( 79.6 ± 2.7 ) ％,( 94.6 ± 2.2 ) ％ ) of smooth muscle strips mediated by carbachol.Ghrelin receptors were mainly located on membrane of the nerve cells in the muscle layers,while no receptors exist on membrane of smooth muscle cells. Conclusions Ghrelin enhances the effect of contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle mediated by cholinergic neurotransmitters activating nerve cells in the enteric plexus.

Objective To analyze the clinical and radiographic characterstics of ureteral polyps with hydronephrosis in children.Methods Thirteen patients with ureteral polyps and hydronephrosis were studied retrospectively.All patients underwent abdominal plain film,intravenous pyelogram(IVP)and ultrasound(US)examinations,contrast-enhanced CT scan was performed in 10 cases.Results Intermittent or recurrent abdominal pain with painless hematuria was presented in most cases.Hydronephrosis was demonstrated in radiographic images.IVP delineated the dilatation of the ureter and filling defects within the ureteral lumen in 5 cases.Computed tomography(CT)showed all abnormal changes of ureter and irregular intraluminal soft tissue masses in 6 cases.Moderate and low echoic structures were showed in ureters by US in 2 cases.Conclusion US and CT,as an important imaging modalities,can improve the diagnostic accuracy for ureteral polyps.

Objective: To study the alteration of hydrogen sulfide (H_2S)/ cystathionine-?-synthase (CBS) system during recurrent febrile seizures (FS) in the hippocampus of developing rats. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into control group (n=8) and hyperthermia-treated group (n=22). Which was subdivided into FS group (n=8) and H group(no seizure occurred, n=9) according to whether seizures occurred. The plasma level of H_2S was detected by the spectrophotometer. The expression levels of CBS gene and protein were examined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry respectively. Results: The plasma levels of H_2S were increased significantly in FS group compared with those of control group or H group. The expression levels of CBS gene and protein were enhanced in FS group compared with those of control group or H group. Conclusion: The expression levels of H_2S/ CBS system were up-regulated during recurrent FS.

A novel HBV integration site involved in hepatocarcinogenesis was investigated. The HBV DNA integration sites were detected by Alu-PCR in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, matched surrounding liver tissues in 30 patients with hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 3 cases of normal liver tissues. The integration sites and flanking sequences in human genome were sequenced and blasted, and the expression of integrated HBV genes was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The influence of the up-regulated expression of integrated genes on hepatocarcinogenesis was analyzed. Nineteen integration sites of HBV DNA into HCC tissues were obtained by RT-PCR and sequencing. These genes encoding proteins were: LOC51030, LOC157777, minichromosome maintenance complex component 3 associated protein (MCM3AP), MCTP1, SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2 isoform 2, CCDC40, similar to HCG2033532, mitochondrial ribosomal S5 pseudogene 4. One of them was integrated into the intron of MCM3AP. RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of MCM3AP mRNA in HCC tissues, matched surrounding liver tissues and normal liver tissues were in a descendent order. The ratio of MCM3AP mRNA to the GAPDH mRNA in these three tissues was 1.07375, 0.21573, 0.06747 respectively, with the difference being statistically significant among them (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the expression levels of MCM3AP mRNA from HCC tissues in which HBV DNA integrated into MCM3AP were still significantly higher than those without HBV DNA integrated into MCM3AP. It was concluded that the HBV DNA integration sites into human genome were random, and MCM3AP was a new site. The up-regulated MCM3AP mRNA may affect flanking sequences which promote the hepatocarcinogenesis.

6 cases of gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT) were performed in cooperation with the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of The Third Teaching Hospital of our university in 1987. All the six women aged less than 41 years and have failed to be pregnant as long as ten years. One fallopian tube is patent at least. Two of them were pregnant after operation of GIFT. The rate of success was 33％. We used Ham's F10 medium mixed with different concentrations of fetal cord serum or mother's serum to prepare respectively follicular flushing medium (FM), sperm washing medium (SW), growth medium (GM) and transfer medium (TM). Clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) were used for inducing growth of follicle. HCG was given by intramuscular injection when two or more follicles were measured 16 mm in diameter by pelvic ultrasound. 32-34 hours later, follicular aspiration were performed by abdominal operation and the oocytecorona-cumulus complexes (OCCCs) were collected and trimmed under stereo microscope. The semen samples were obtained by means of masturbation 2-3 hours before operation. After centrifuged twice, the liquified semen was mixed with SW and incubated with 5％ CO_2 in air at 37℃ until GIFT.The OCCCs and 25?l processed semen were loaded into a special catheter and transferred into one fallopian tube. Then the transfer procedure was repeated for the other fallopian tube. The level of HCG in blood was examined from day 11 after transfer in order to diagnose pregnancy.