ObjectiveTo study the utility of multi-modal guiding in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies.MethodsA total of 115 consecutive patients suspicious for prostate cancer due to elevated serum prostate specific antigen level were enrolled in this prospective study. All patients underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), transrectal real-time elastography (TRTE) and contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CETRUS). Both positive sites on above imaging studies and 6 core-systematic biopsy sites were included in transrectal biopsy. The impact of targeted biopsies on the prostate cancer detection rate was analyzed in comparison with prostate biopsy pathology.Results The overall prostate cancer detection rate was 55% (63/115). TRTE and CETRUS had a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 71% (45/63), 81% (42/52), 76% (87/115), and 65% (41/63), 83% (43/52), 73% (84/115), respectively. Compared with TRUS, TRTE and CETRUS guided targeted biopsy improve the sensitivity of prostate cancer (χ2=14.950, 10.754,P=0.002, 0.013), specificity (χ2=0.256, 20.021,P=0.006, 0.009), accuracy (χ2=5.735,10.361, P=0.020, 0.011). Targeted biopsy could improve the detection rate of prostate cancer (χ2=9.021, 23.176,P=0.042, 0.000). On the operating characteristic (ROC) curve of TRTE, the area under the curve was 0.834 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.742-0.926.ConclusionCombined with the application of new technology of ultrasound to improve positive rate of prostate cancer, improving the multi-mode ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy positive rate, and has important clinical significance for early screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Objective To compare the value of transrectal real -time elastography ( TRTE) with dynamic contrast material -en-hanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for prostate cancer detection.Methods A total of 60 men (mean age 71years, range 43 to 83) with serum PSA levels of greater than 4.0ng/ml were assessed using gray -scale transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), transrectal real-time elastography ( TRTE ) and dynamic contrast material -enhanced magnetic resonance imaging ( DCE -MRI ) .Subsequently , these patients underwent systematic sextant transrectal biopsy and additional biopsies for positive sites on gray -scale TRUS, TRTE and DCE-MRI.The cancer detection rates of the 3 techniques were compared .Results Cancer was detected in 23 of the 60 patients (23/60,38.3%).TRTE and DCE-MRI had a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 73.9%,78.3%,87.0%,80.1%,75.1%, 89.2%,78.3%,76.7%,88.3%respectively.TRTE and DCE-MRI guided targeted biopsy improve the positive detection rate of pros-tate cancer, compared with TRUS (P<0.05).Conclusion TRTE and DCE-MRI can improve the detection rate of the increase of ser-um PSA in patients with prostate cancer , so as to improve the positive rate of prostate biopsy diagnosis ,provide strong support for clinical diagnosis

The volume of blood serum originally required for the estimation of alkaline phosphatase by Boclanaky's method has been reduced from 1.0 ml to 0.02 ml. The results obtained with this micro method were in close agreement with those obtained from the original macro procedure. Using this improved method the activity of the serum alkaline phosphatase of 144 apparently normal infants aged from 1-0 months were determined, giving an average value of .11.3 Bodansky units per 100 ml serum which is slightly higher than those found in the literature.

Objective To observe the serum level of C-reactive protein(CRP) in transient ischemic attack(TIA) patients,and to assess the correlation between CRP and other dangerous factors of cerebral infarction.Methods 102 TIA patients were divided into two groups: TIA deteriorated into cerebral infarction in two weeks(group A,n=40) and TIA could be relieved in two weeks(group B,n=62).Many factors were measured within 24 h,such as CRP,BP,BS,FIB,TC,TG,HDL-L,and LDL-L.67 healthy subjects were usded as control group.Relative analysis was performed between CRP and 8 parameters mentioned above.Results ①The serum CRP level of TIA patients was higher than that of healthy controls(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the significance of hearing screening combined with gene screening for neonates with high-risk of hearing impairment.MethodsNeonates admitted to the Neonatal Department of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital between July 2013 and June 2014 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into high-risk group (with high-risk for hearing impairment) (n=3 129), and control group (n=5 106). Neonate hearing screening was carried out using otoacoustic emission and automated auditory brainstem response. Blood samples were collected using a standard protocol for detecting the mutations of four common deafness genes, includingGJB2,GJB3,SLC26A4 and mitochondrial 12s rRNA.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of the pass rate of hearing screening and positive rate of gene mutations between the two groups.ResultsThe rates of failure on otoacoustic emission, automated auditory brainstem response or both in the high-risk group were 11.92% (373/3 129), 10.32% (323/3 129) and 4.83% (151/3 129), respectively, higher than those in the control group [5.03%(257/5 106), 6.56%(335/5 106) and 2.02% (103/5 106)] (χ2=130.265, 37.354 and 51.196, allP=0.000). In the high-risk group, the overall positive rate of gene mutations was 5.63% (176/3 129), and theGJB2 andSLC26A4 gene mutation rates were 3.04% (95/3 129) and 2.40% (75/3 129)], all higher than the control group [3.15% (161/5 106), 2.04% (104/5 106) and 1.06% (54/5106)] (χ2=30.301, 8.216 and 22.517, allP<0.01). But the mitochondria 12S rRNA gene andGJB3 gene mutation rates were the same in high-risk group and control group [0.19% (6/3 129) vs 0.06% (3/5 106); 0.03% (1/3 129) vs 0.00%(0/5 106), bothP>0.05]. The rates of failure on otoacoustic emission and automated auditory brainstem response of the neonates with deafness gene mutations were 9.50% (32/337) and 10.39% (35/337), respectively, higher than the neonates without [1.14% (90/7 898) and 1.29% (102/7 898)] (χ2=154.621 and 163.399, both P=0.000).ConclusionCombined hearing screening is of clinical significance for neonates with high-risk of hearing impairment.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is a kind of stem cell with potential of self-repair and multi-differentiation. It may differentiate into neuron, adipose cell and osteoblasts.OBJECTIVE: To observe the transforming efficacy of human bone marrow mesencymal stem cells (hMSCs) into neurons in vitro in different generations so as to provide reliable experimental data for the clinical application of MSCs.DESIGN: Single sample was designed.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital,Jilin UniversityPARTICIPANTS: Marrow tissue was collected from 9 cases of spinal fusion in Department of Orthopedics of First Hospital affiliated to Jilin University. Of 9 cases, all of them were in known of the experiment.METHODS: The experiment was performed in Sino-Japan Hospital affiliated to Jilin University from September 2002 to February 2003. The primary and generative culture of hMSCs was given. Experimental and the control groups were divided.-mercaptoethanol was taken as inducer. hMSCs of the 2rd, 4th, 6th and 8th generations were selected for induction in vitro for 6 h. Cytochemistry staining and immunohistochemistry staining were used to assay the expressions of neuronal and astrocytic marked proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Growth curve analysis on genera tive culture of hMSCs. ② Nissel staining. ③ Immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: ① Common characters of generative culture: The latent phase of generative culture was 12-24 hours, exponential phase was 7-10 days and 11-13 days later, cell culture entered the platform phase. ② After induction of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generated hMSCs, deep blue granular Nissl body presented in cytoplasm. In 6 hours on the 8th induction, there was no obvious deep blue Nissl structure presented in cytoplasm.③ Except GFAP, NSE and NF-M were expressed in hMSCs of different generations after induction for 6 hours. There was no significant difference in positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations (P ＞ 0.05), but the significant difference presented in comparison between the 8th generation and the 2nd, 4thand 6th generations (P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION:-mercaptoethanol can induce hMSCs differentiating into neuronal cells in vitro. The positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generationsare higher remarkably than the 8th generation.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Ghrelin on the contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle. Methods The effect of different concentrations of Ghrelin (0;20;40;80 μg/kg) on the small intestinal transit in vagotomized rats in vivo and Ghrelin (0.01; 0.1;0.5 ; 1.0 μmol/L) on the contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle strips in vitro was observed,the locations of Ghrelin receptors (GHS-R1 a) in small intestinal muscle layers were detected by immunofluorescency. Results Ghrelin dose-dependently increases small intestinal transit (( 25.4 ± 1.0)％,(33.7 ± 1.9)％,(39.3 ±2.4)％,(44.7 ±2.1)％),enhances the contraction ((67.0 ±2.4)％,(149.5 ±3.3)％,(187.1 ±4.7)％,(213.5 ±3.4)％) and relaxation ((35.3 ± 1.1)％,(62.9 ± 3.8 ) ％,( 79.6 ± 2.7 ) ％,( 94.6 ± 2.2 ) ％ ) of smooth muscle strips mediated by carbachol.Ghrelin receptors were mainly located on membrane of the nerve cells in the muscle layers,while no receptors exist on membrane of smooth muscle cells. Conclusions Ghrelin enhances the effect of contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle mediated by cholinergic neurotransmitters activating nerve cells in the enteric plexus.

A novel HBV integration site involved in hepatocarcinogenesis was investigated. The HBV DNA integration sites were detected by Alu-PCR in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, matched surrounding liver tissues in 30 patients with hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 3 cases of normal liver tissues. The integration sites and flanking sequences in human genome were sequenced and blasted, and the expression of integrated HBV genes was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The influence of the up-regulated expression of integrated genes on hepatocarcinogenesis was analyzed. Nineteen integration sites of HBV DNA into HCC tissues were obtained by RT-PCR and sequencing. These genes encoding proteins were: LOC51030, LOC157777, minichromosome maintenance complex component 3 associated protein (MCM3AP), MCTP1, SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2 isoform 2, CCDC40, similar to HCG2033532, mitochondrial ribosomal S5 pseudogene 4. One of them was integrated into the intron of MCM3AP. RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of MCM3AP mRNA in HCC tissues, matched surrounding liver tissues and normal liver tissues were in a descendent order. The ratio of MCM3AP mRNA to the GAPDH mRNA in these three tissues was 1.07375, 0.21573, 0.06747 respectively, with the difference being statistically significant among them (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the expression levels of MCM3AP mRNA from HCC tissues in which HBV DNA integrated into MCM3AP were still significantly higher than those without HBV DNA integrated into MCM3AP. It was concluded that the HBV DNA integration sites into human genome were random, and MCM3AP was a new site. The up-regulated MCM3AP mRNA may affect flanking sequences which promote the hepatocarcinogenesis.

Objective : To evaluate the effect of low dose naloxone on remote seizure susceptibility after repeated febrile seizures(FS) in developing age. Methods: Warm water induced rat FS model was developed in this study.Forty nine SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control group( n =10) and hyperthermic seizure group( n =39).The latter was further divided into FS control group( n =13) and naloxone treated group( n =26). The dose of naloxone was different in the two naloxone treated groups(13/each group). One group dose was 1 mg/kg, and the other 2 mg/kg. Each rat of hyperthermic seizure groups was induced to have 7 febrile seizures at the interval of 1 day. The rats were weighed and injected intraperitoneally with naloxone once the FS occurred in naloxone treated group, while the rats of other groups were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride. After the seventh stimulation, all rats were left un stimulated for 2 months, then re stimulated. Re stimulated seizureincidence rate, seizure duration and seizure grade in different groups were observed and compared with each other. Hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting was detected by Timm stain. Results: In naloxone treated group, the rats'seizure duration and seizure grade [(5.66?2.78) min,(2.97? 1.18)] significantly decreased ( t =5.035, P

BACKGROUND:Generaly, the stent surface modification, especialy seeding cels, may accelerate or cause stent endothelium, and cause restenosis for prevention of in-stent thrombosis.
OBJECTIVE: To develop the optimal conditions for vascular stents coated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels.
METHODS: Cerebrovascular stent was co-cultured with passage 3 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from rats at 1×106, 1×107, 1×108, and 1×109/L. Cels on the stents were examined with transmission electron
microscopy after 48 hours. A total of 160 male Sprague-Dawley rats were enroled, among which, 20 rats were as normal control group, and the remaining 140 were used for producing models of ischemic stroke that were
randomly sub-divided into seven groups at 8 weeks after modeling: stainless steel stent implanted group, polymer stent group, and different concentrations of cellstent composite groups. After 8 weeks of implantation, the
expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in these cels was examined by western blot assay. Rat platelet activation in different groups was determined by flow cytometry.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Implanted stem cels were able to grow adherently on the stainless steel stent wal. When the planting cellconcentration was 1×107 cels/L, the cels and organeles were morphologicaly
normal and covered the stent surface wel. These coated cels also expressed vascular endothelial growth factor, suggesting that they functioned as endothelial cels, and they also significantly lowered platelet activation. When
co-cultured with 1×107/L bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, the stent was covered wel with endothelial-like cels and had significant lower platelet activationin vivo.