Objective To compare the short-term efficacies of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus,and to investigate the relationship between the body weight loss and the decrease of glucose of the 2 treatment methods.Methods The clinical data of 40 patients with obesity combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were admitted to the Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University from January 2010 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 14 patients treated by LAGB (LAGB group) and 26 by LSG (LSG group).The body weight loss and the decrease of glucose at postoperative year 1 of the 2 groups were compared.The differences in the body weight and glucose before and after operation within groups were compared using the paired t test,and the differences in the body weight and glucose between the 2 groups were compared using the multiple analysis of variance.The correlation between the body weight loss and the decrease of glucose was analyzed using the linear regression analysis.Results Laparoscopic surgery was successfully done without conversion to open surgery or intraoperative complications.The operation time and volume of blood loss were (69 ± 16)minutes and (31 ± 14)mL in the LAGB group,(120 ± 15) minutes and (148 ± 48) mL in the LSG group.Complications including postoperative malnutrition,electrolyte disturbance,delayed gastric emptying,bleeding,anastomotic leakage did not occurr in the 2 groups.Two patients were complicated with abdominal incision fat liquefaction,and were cured by symptomatic treatment.(1) The body weight,body mass index (BMI) and waistline had a decrease trend.The body weight,BMI and waistline in the LAGB group were decreased from (117 ± 28)kg,(40 ± 8)kg/m2 and (118 ± 15) cm before operation to (94 ± 28) kg,(33 ± 8) kg/m2 and (92 ± 15) cm at postoperative week 48.The body weight,BMI and waistline in the LSG group were decreased from (119 ± 25)kg,(42 ± 6)kg/m2 and (123 ± 14)cm before operation to (74± 16)kg,(26± 4)kg/m2 and (86 ± 13)cm at postoperative week 48.The EWL had an increase trend in the 2 groups.The EWL in the LAGB group was increased from 7％ ± 2％ at postoperative week 1 to 53％± 24％ at postoperative week 48,and the EWL in the LSG group was increased from 11％ ± 4％ at postoperative week 1 to 90％ ± 20％ at postoperative week 48.There were significant differences in the changes of body weight,BMI,waistline and EWL between the 2 groups (F =60.660,74.490,57.650,90.020,P ＜ 0.05).(2) The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting glucose,fasting insulin,HOMA-IR,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein in the LAGB group were decreased from 8.1％± 0.8％,(8.4±0.6)mmol/L,(21±8)μmol/L,7.9 ±2.9,(1.68±0.50)mmol/L,(6.0±1.1)mmol/L (4.1 ± 0.8) mmol/L,(1.09 ±0.15)mmol/L to 6.4％ ±0.8％,(6.3 ±0.3) mmol/L,(10 ± 3) μmol/L,2.7 ±0.9,(1.04 ± 0.09) mmol/L,(4.3 ± 0.8) mmol/L,(2.3 ± 0.4) mmol/L,(1.22 ± 0.09) mmol/L at postoperative week 48 ; the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting glucose,fasting insulin,HOMA-IR,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein in the LSG group were changed from 7.9％ ± 1.0％,(9.0±1.0)mmol/L,(21 ±9) μ mol/L,8.5 ±3.5,(2.09 ± 0.70) mmol/L,(6.0 ± 1.2)mmol/L,(3.9 ± 1.1) mmol/L,(1.06 ± 0.21) mmol/L before operation to 5.1％ ± 0.8％,(5.2 ± 0.4) mmol/L,(4 ± 1)μmol/L,0.9±0.2,(1.22±0.17)mmol/L,(4.2±0.8)mmol/L,(2.3 ±0.6)mmol/L,(1.30±0.13)mmol/L at postoperative week 48.There was a decrease trend of the glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting glucose,fasting insulin,HOMA-IR,trigluceride,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein and a increase trend of the high density lipoprotein in the 2 groups.There were significant differences in the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting glucose,fasting insulin,HOMA-IR,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein between the 2 groups (F =57.650,74.270,36.750,42.960,10.870,30.650,32.560,11.490,P ＜0.05).The levels of glucose of the LAGB group at postoperative month 1 and 3 were influenced by BMI (b =0.543,0.753,P ＜ 0.05),while the levels of glucose of the LAGB group did not be influenced by BMI at postoperative month 6 and year 1 (b =0.130,0.222,P ＞0.05).The levels of glucose of the LSG group did not be influenced by BMI at postoperative month 1,3,6 and year 1 (b =0.185,0.035,0.212,0.126,P ＞0.05).Conclusions The efficacy of LSG is superior to LAGB for the treatment of obesity combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The efficacy of LAGB is correlated with the change of body weight,while the efficacy of LSG does not correlated with the change of body weight.

Regarding the needling manipulation, Chifeng Yingyuan, there are different descriptions in ancient medical literature and the current teaching materials or clinical reports, especially for the understanding recorded in Jinzhenfu Poem of Golden Needle). In the current teaching materials and clinical reports, it is described that the needle is inserted deeply at first, and then shallowly; afterward, the needle tip is pushed to the middle layer and manipulated with lifting, thrusting and rotating technique, combined with twisting and flying method. After analyzing the original description in the book and the feasibility of function and operation, the authors introduced their recognition on its manipulation and techniques in this article. This manipulation should be: the needle is inserted to the middle layer, afterward, the needle body is pulled and tilted toward each of the four directions, on this basis, then twisting and flying method is applied.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; instrumentation ; methods ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Needles ; history

Objective To investigate the imaging manifestations of lung neoplasms in pre- and post- treatment with CT-guided Argon-Helium cryoablation.Methods All the lung neoplasms in 96 patients have been treated with CT-guided percutaneous Argon-Helium targeted cryoablation.All patients have pre- and post-treatment CT scanning in measurement of lesion size and CT value.The CT scanning has been rerpeated afterl,3,6,12 months of treatment.Results Among total 96 cases,there are 82 cases of lung cancer and 14 cases of metastasis with 110 lesions(89 cases with single lesion,7 cases with multiple lesions).The Ar-He cryoablation has been given 103 times in total.The size of each lesion ranged from 1.2 cm to 15.0 cm in diameter with mean value of(4.0?2.5)cm,including 12 lesions less than 2 cm,51 lesions between 2— 4 cm,24 lesions between 4—6 cm,23 lesions over 6 cm.There are 25 patients whose lesions covered by iceball with 1 cm of overloaping it's margin.There are 63 lesions with diameter less than 4 cm gained 100% ablation rate,24 lesions with 4—6 cm diameter gained 95.8% ablation rate,and 23 lesions with over 6 cm diameter gained 69.6% ablation rate.The post-treatment CT show a progressively enlarged round,low density refrigerant area which clearly demarked with non- refrigerant area.The center of each refrigerant area has negative CT value,the mean decreased CT value of lesion instantly after the treatment are about 30— 50 HU with P

Objective To discuss the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction by laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Methods A retrospective review of consecutive laparoscopic pyeloplasty in 102 patients between September 2001 and December 2007 was performed. The ureterpelvic junction was dissected and the obstruction portion was excised. Anastomosis was then performed through the ureter and the renal pelvis walls with a stent. Results The mean operating time was 120 min and the average blood loss was 80ml. No major complication occurred intraoperative. The drainage was removed in 3-10 days. The average hospital stay was 8.5 days. The stent was kept for 30-60 days. IVU and B ultrasound examination revealed that the hydronephrosis alleviated during the follow-up and no anastomosis stricture occurred. Conclusions Laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty could provide lower morbidity, shorter hospital stay, and faster convalescence. It could be an effective treatment for ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

OBJECTIVETo examine granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) expression in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well as discuss its clinicopathological significance.

METHODSSpecimens were obtained from 114 cases (53 cases with granulocyte infiltration) diagnosed pathologically as NSCLC in General Hospital of PLA. Paraffin-embedded tissues from these 114 cases of NSCLC were examined for expression of G-CSF by immunohistochemical staining. Correlation between G-CSF expression and pathological features, clinical manifestation, prognosis of patients with NSCLC was analyzed statistically. All the patients were retrospectively followed-up.

RESULTSFifty-five of the 114 NSCLC specimens expressed G-CSF, and among these 41 (41/54, 75.9%) were large cell carcinoma, nine (9/30, 30.0%) were adenocarcinoma and five (5/30, 16.7%) were squamous cell carcinoma. The expression was significantly correlated with infiltration of tumor mass by neutrophilic granulocytes, histological type, necrosis, differentiation, lymph node metastases, distant metastases, recurrence and survival period (P < 0.01). There was no significant correlation with primary tumor size (P > 0.05). Logistic multi-factor analysis revealed that necrosis, lymph nodes metastases and distant metastases RR (risk ratio) in G-CSF positive group was 5.57, 6.28 and 5.24 times higher than those of G-CSF negative group (P < 0.05). There were remarkable difference of 5-year survival rates (0 and 12.1% respectively) and survival period (42 and 62 months respectively) between positive and negative groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSNSCLC with G-CSF excretion are mainly large cell lung cancer. The pathologic characteristics of these cases with G-CSF expression included poor differentiation, remarkable atypia, prominent necrosis and infiltration of tumor mass by neutrophils or emperipolesis. These tumors are usually more aggressive in biological behavior and have worse prognosis than those without G-CSF expression.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

This study was aimed to establish a method for rapid detecting BK polyomavirus (BKV) and to investigate the feasibility and value used in leukemia patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Primers were designed according to BKV gene sequence; the quantitative standards for BKV and a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR for BKV were established. The BKV level in urine samples from 36 patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were detected by established method. The results showed that the standard of reconstructed plasmid and real time fluorescent quantitative PCR method were successfully established, its good specificity, sensitivity and stability were confirmed by experiments. BKV was found in 55.56% of urine samples, and the BKV load in urine was 2.46 × 10(4) - 7.8 × 10(9) copy/ml. It is concluded that the establishment of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR for BKV detection provides a method for early diagnosis of the patients with hemorrhagic cystitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; BK Virus ; isolation & purification ; Case-Control Studies ; Cystitis ; prevention & control ; virology ; DNA Primers ; DNA, Viral ; urine ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Polyomavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; virology ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETobacco smoking results in increased platelet aggregability, which suggests that low-dose aspirin used in common clinical practice may not effectively inhibit platelet activity in smokers with coronary heart disease (CHD). This review was performed to assess the effect of aspirin on platelet aggregation in patients with CHD.

DATA SOURCESWe performed an electronic literature search of MEDLINE (starting from the beginning to March 15, 2009) using the term "smoking" or "tobacco" paired with the following: "platelet", "aspirin" or "coronary heart disease".

STUDY SELECTIONWe looked for review articles regarding the effect of tobacco smoking on platelet activity and on the anti-platelet efficacy of aspirin in healthy people and patients with CHD. The search was limited in "core clinical journal". In total, 1321 relevant articles were retrieved, and 36 articles were ultimately cited.

RESULTSTobacco smoking results in increased platelet aggregability, which can be inhibited by low-dose aspirin in the healthy population. However, in patients with CHD, the increased platelet aggregability can not be effectively inhibited by the same low-dose of aspirin. A recent study indicated that clopidogrel or an increased dose of aspirin can effectively inhibit the increased platelet aggregability induced by tobacco smoking in patients with CHD.

CONCLUSIONSIt is important for patients with CHD to quit smoking. For the current smoker, it may be necessary to take larger doses of aspirin than normal or take an adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor along with aspirin to effectively inhibit the increased platelet activity.

Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Smoking ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo study the patterns and morphologic characteristics of blunt head injury and analyse its formative mechanism in attempt to provide references for medicolegal expertise.

METHODSThe statistical analysis was done in terms of gender, age, as well as the nature, pattern, location, and feature of the injuries.

RESULTSAmong the 202 cases of head injury-induced death, 124 were male and 78 female with the age ranging from 1-81 years. Death caused by homicide was dominant (106, 52.5%), followed by suicide (49, 24.3%) and accident (44, 21.8%). The majority of suicide-induced death were by falling from height, and traffic crash was responsible for majority of unexpected death cases. The morphology and pathogenesis of the injuries varied according to differences on the mode, magnitude, and orientation of the outside force giving rise to blunt injury as well as the character of vulnerants.

CONCLUSIONStudies on the morphology and its formative rationale of blunt head injury will offer easy access to medicolegal expertise on the mode and character of the injury.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cause of Death ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Head Injuries, Closed ; etiology ; mortality ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of two fluid resuscitations on the bacterial translocation and the inflammatory factors of small intestine in rats with hemorrhagic shock.

METHODSFifty SD healthy male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n equal to 10 per group): Group A (Sham group), Group B (Ringer's solution for 1 h), Group C (Ringer's solution for 24 h), Group D (hydroxyethyl starch for 1 h) and Group E ((hydroxyethyl starch for 24 h). A model of rats with hemorrhagic shock was established. The bacterial translocation in liver, content of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and changes of myeloperoxidase enzyme (MPO) activities in small intestine were pathologically investigated after these two fluid resuscitations, respectively.

RESULTSThe bacterial translocation and the expression of TNF-alpha in the small intestine were detected at 1 h and 24 h after fluid resuscitation. There were significant increase in the number of translocated bacteria, TNF-alpha and MPO activities in Group C compared with Group B, significant decrease in Group E compared with Group D and in Group B compared with Group D. The number of translocated bacteria and TNF-alpha expression significantly decreased in Group E as compared with Group C.

CONCLUSIONSThe bacterial translocation and the expression of TNF-alpha in the small intestine exist 24 h after fluid resuscitation. 6% hydroxyethyl starch can improve the intestinal mucosa barrier function better than the Ringer's solution.

Animals ; Bacterial Translocation ; drug effects ; Fluid Therapy ; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Intestine, Small ; metabolism ; Isotonic Solutions ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; therapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

To study the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and angiotensin (Ang) 1-7 specific receptor Mas protain in renal blood vessels of metabolic syndrome ( MS) rats and its anti-oxidative effect. A total of 80 male SD rats were divided into four groups: the normal control group (NC, the same volume of normal saline), the MS group (high fat diet), the MS + Astragali Radix group (MS + HQ, 6 g x kg(-1) x d(-1) in gavage) and the MS + Valsartan group (MS + XST, 30 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) in gavage). After four weeks of intervention, their general indexes, biochemical indexes and blood pressure were measured; plasma and renal tissue Ang II, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide demutase (SOD) levels were measured with radioimmunoassay. The protein expressions of Mas receptor, AT1R, ACE and ACE2 were detected by western blot analysis. According to the result, compared with the NC group, the MS group and the MS + HQ group showed significant increases in systolic and diastolic pressures, body weight, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, triglycerides, free fatty acid and Ang II level of MS rats (P < 0.05). The MS + XST group showed notable decreases in systolic and diastolic pressures than that of the MS group. The MS group showed significant increases in the SOD activity and NO level and decrease in the MDA level after being intervened with Astragali Radix. ACE and AT1R protein expressions in renal tissues of the MS group were higher than that in the NC group, but with lower ACE2 and -Mas receptor expressions (all P < 0.05). Compared with the MS group, the MS + HQ group showed significant increase in Mas receptor expression in renal tissues, whereas the MS + XST group showed notable decrease in AT1R (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, Astragali Radix can increase the Mas receptor expressions in renal tissues, decrease ACE expression and change local Ang II, MDA, NO and SOD in kidneys, so as to protect early damages in renal tissues.
Angiotensin I ; metabolism ; Animals ; Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; injuries ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Metabolic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects