Objective To investigate the effects of different intensity of wide band noise on acoustic stapedius reflex amplitude in sound field. Methods Acoustical reflex amplitude(at ART+10 dB)were obtained at three fre-quencies (1,2, 4 kHz) from 80 normally hearing subjects with wide band noise at 30,40,50 and 60 dB SL in sound field. Results Acoustical reflex amplitude was significantly decreased in the presence of wide band noise (P 0. 01). The most significant decrease of acoustic reflex amplitude could be observed in the present of 40 dB SL wide band noise. In comparison with the 1 kHz group, significant decrease was found in 2 kHz group and 4 kHz group(P <0. 01),but there was no difference between the 2 kHz group and 4 kHz group(P>0.05). Conclusion Since the decrease of the acoustic stapedius reflex amplitude is mediated by the auditory efferent system in sound field, in clini-cal practice the function of the auditory efferents can be evaluated by testing the change of acoustic stapedius reflex amplitude with the stimulation of the wide band noise in sound field.

Objective:To observe and analyze the clinical features and prognosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with chronic myeloid leukemia.Methods:A retrospective case series study. From May 2011 to December 2020, 5 patients (10 eyes) were included in this study in Eye-ENT Hospital of Fudan University. Basic information about the patient's age, gender, diabetes history and CML history were collected. The endocrine and hematological indexes of all patients were evaluated. All the patients were undertaken visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit lamp and fundus examination and other examinations to observe the eye conditions. Ophthalmic treatments included panretinal laser photocoagulation, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, vitrectomy. During the follow up period from 5 months to 6 years, prognosis was observed at each office visit. During the follow up period, patients' vision, intraocular pressure, anterior segment and retinal status were observed.Results:There were 4 males and a female in 5 patients. The ages were from 27 to 49 years, with the mean age of 39 years. All patients were bilateral. All patients suffered type 2 diabetes for 3 months to 13 years. Four of them were diagnosed as chronic myeloid leukemia before visiting to ophthalmologists, while the other visited to ophthalmology first due to poor vision. The initial visual acuity ranged from light perception to 0.4 and 6 eyes were less than 0.1. In addition to the typical manifestations of diabetic retinopathy, such as venous tortuous dilation, exudation, microaneurysm and neovascularization, patients also presented with Roth spot as leukemic fundus manifestations. All eyes developed to PDR stage. Abnormal thickening of the neovascular membranes may occur in the lower part of the retina, with secondary traction retinal detachment. All the eyes were treated with pan retinal photocoagulation and 9 eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy. After treatment, retina of 8 eyes kept flat. The best corrected visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 1.0, and only 4 eyes reached more than 0.2. Unfortunately, one eye lost vision because of secondary neovascular glaucoma.Conclusions:PDR patients with CMLof fundus not only have venous tortuous dilation, exudation, microaneurysm and neovascularization, also present with Roth spot as leukemic fundus manifestations. Diabetic retinopathy combined with CML could progress rapidly, and its aggravating complications such as hyperplastic membrane, vitreous hemorrhage and traction retinal detachment may result in poor visual prognosis. Early screening and treatment can help improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective To evaluate the impact of three to four cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) on the survival of patients with N2-N3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods The clinical data of 915 patients with T1-4N2-3M0 NPC from 2007 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 179 patients treated with 3-4 cycles of NACT (NACT≥3 group) were matched with 358 patients treated with 2 cycles of NACT (NACT=2 group) and 179 patients treated without NACT (NACT =0 group,concurrent chemoradiotherapy group) for age,N stage,pathological subtype,and NACT regimen.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate overall survival (OS),disease-free survival (DFS),recurrence-free survival (RFS),and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates,the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis,and the Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis.Results For the NACT≥ 3,NACT =2,and NACT =0 groups,the 5-year OS rates were 89.4％,81.6％,and 73.7％,respectively (P=O.000),the 5-year DFS rates were 83.2％,69.8％,and 64.2％,respectively (P=O.000),the 5-year RFS rates were 86.0％,76.0％,and 69.3％,respectively (P=0.001),and the 5-year DMFS rates were 86.6％,76.0％,and 68.3％,respectively (P=0.000).Three to four cycles of NACT was an independent protective factor for OS,DFS,RFS,and DMFS in patients with N2-N3 NPC.Conclusion Three to four cycles of NACT can significantly improve the survival of patients with N2-N3 NPC.

Objective To observe the long term effects of arthroscopic knee debridement and reconstructing operation for treating osteoarthritis in patients with Kaschin-Beck disease. Methods Thirty-one cases of patients with Kaschin-Beck disease were followed for 6 years after operation of articular clearing by arthroscope. Index of pain, symptoms of self-evaluation, range of motion, walking distance, standing test by affected leg when bending at 30° or 60° were recorded and compared with the preoperative results. Results Twenty-four cases were followed up for 6 years. Six years after operation the pain index(3.38 ± 2.87) was dramatically decreased compared to that before operation (6.88 ± 1.45, t = 5.30, P ＜ 0.05). Patients symptoms markedly improved by subjective self-evaluation was 70.83% (17/24), the effective rate was 100% (24/24). The number of cases that could stand up when leg bending at 30° or 60° were 21,18 cases, respectively, compared with that of preoperative of 14, 11 cases, respectively, the difference was statistically significant(x2 = 5.17,4.27, all P ＜ 0.05). Six years after operation the walking distance(3 cases ＜ 1 km, 11 cases 1 - 5 km and 10 cases ＞ 5 km) were greatly improved compared to the results before operation (12 cases ＜ 1 km, 9 cases 1 - 5 km and 3 cases ＞ 5 km, U = 2.88, P ＜0.05). Six years after operation the knee activity[(132.25 ± 14.52)°] remained at the same level, compared with that of preoperative [(131 .58 ± 14.68) °], the difference was not statistically significant (t = 0.16, P ＞ 0.05) .Conclusions The method of arthroscopic joint debridement to cure Kaschin-Beck disease knee osteoarthritis can significantly reduce pain, improve function and walking distance, with more stable long-term satisfactory outcome.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of 40 patients with ocular toxocariasis (OT) on the first attendance.Methods A total of 40 consecutive patients who were clinically and serologically diagnosed with OT were retrospectively reviewed.Results The mean age of patients was (12.12±10.42) years.There were 29 males and 11 females.29 cases presented with decreased vision,4 children with leukocoria,2 cases with strabismus and 5 cases was found abnormal during regular eye examination.Initially 8 eyes (20％) were misdiagnosed as retinoblastoma (1 eye),Coat' s disease (1 eye),cataract (2 eyes),iridocyclitis (2 eyes) and retinal detachment (2 eyes).23 eyes had retinal detachment,19 eyes had cataract.OT was the initial diagnosis for 15 patients (37.5％).The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were NLP to 0.7.Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) were performed in 29 eyes,and identified peripheral granulomas in 23 eyes and adjacent tractional retinal detachment in 12 eyes.We also identified 17 cases (68.0％) with elevated IgE level among 25 patients with positive serological antibody test.Conclusions Tractional retinal detachment,vitreous opacities and cataract are the common clinical findings at the first attendance of OT patients.The adjunctive test of serum total IgE level may be helpful for the diagnosis.The application of UBM and specific IgG detection in serum and intraocular fluid,can also improve the diagnosis.

Objective　To find out the clinical features and the regular patterns of lung cancer among Yunnan Tin miners and get ready for the further clinical practices. Methods　From 1975 to 1998 the clinical data in 2?261 patients with primary lung cancer from Yunnan Tin Corporation were retrospectively analyzed. Results　The male patients were obviously more than female (male to female was 97.3∶1). The ratio of age ranging from 50 to 69 years old was 74.3％. Of the whole group, 60.4％ was squamous cell carcinoma and 71.4％was in stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ. The 5-year survival rates of the three groups, which were respectively treated with surgical resection, non-surgical therapy and palliatively supporting therapy, were 43.4％, 7.5％ and 1.2％ respectively (P＜0.01). Conclusion　There are some features in patients with lung cancer from Yunnan Tin Corporation. Early diagnosis for lung cancer and healthy quality education will be still important for our future work.

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid atherosclerotic plaque and multiple risk factors of angiocardiopathy,and to evaluate the injuries caused by different risk factors to subclinical target organ to control the general risk factors of angiocardiopathy.Methods Four hundred and twenty six outpatients and impatients,treated in our hospital from May 2007 to May 2009 with the results of color ultrasonic examination,were divided into carotid atherosclerotic plaque group(284 cases) and no carotid atherosclerotic plaque group( 142 cases).The clinical information including their age,body mass index,smoking condition,past medical history such as hypertension,diabetes mellitus and hyperlipoidemia were recorded,and the levels of total cholesterol(T C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol( HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),triglyceride (TG),lipoprotein ( a ) ( LP (a) ),apolipoprotein A - 1 ( Apo A 1 ),apolipoprotein B ( Apo B ),highsensitivity C-reactive protein( hs-CRP),homocysteine ( HCY),microalbuminuria( MAU ) and uricacid(UA) were determined by lab tests.The independent variable and univariable data were processed and analyzed statistically to find out the risk factors of carotid atherosclerotic plaque.Results Age and drinking were significantly correlated with the carotid intima-media wall thickening(IMT) (P ＜ 0.001 ).Overweight,diabetes mellitus,increased LP (a),hyperlipoidemia,age,increased MAU and HCY could independently predict carotid atherosclerosis and plaque formation ( x2 =71.35,38.45,t =3.26,x2 =37.23,t =118.51,6.723 and 3.17respectively,Ps ＜ 0.05 ).The aggregated number of the risk factors was correlated to IMT and carotid atherosclerotic plaque ( P =0.0001 ).Conclusion Age,drinking,overweight,diabetes mellitus,increased LP (a),hyperlipoidemia,MAU and HCY are risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis and plaque formation,and the contribution of each factor can multiply and overlap,more risk factors means greater risk.

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of chemotherapy with FOLFOX protocol (CT-F) on sex hormones of male patients, and the protective and detoxifying effect of herbal medicines for reinforcing Shen and supplementing qi (HM) on it.

METHODSThe randomized block control and self-control design was adopted to retrospectively investigate the changes of sex hormones in 61 patients with cancer of colon, rectum or stomach. They were assigned to four groups, A: treated simply with HM; B: treated with CT-F; C: treated with CT-F combined with HM; D: the blank control group. One course of CT-F composed of 1 month treatment, and 6 courses totally were applied on each patients. The levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), progesterone (P), testosterone (T) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were determined before treatment (T0), at the end of the 6th month treatment (T1) and the 12th month (T2) after starting treatment.

RESULTSLevels of LH, PRL and T were significantly lowered in the group B at T1, being 4.6 +/- 0.4 IU/L, 8.6 +/- 0.7 microg/L and 13.1 +/- 1.4 IU/L, respectively, which were significantly different to those in the other 3 groups at the corresponding time; they were somewhat raised after chemotherapy but still lower at T2 than those at T0, being 5.0 +/- 0.4 IU/L, 9.9 +/- 1.1 microg/L and 14.1 +/- 1.4 IU/L respectively, also lower than the corresponding levels in the other 3 Groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In group C, LH significantly lowered at T1 (P<0.05) to 5.1 +/- 0.4 IU/L, but it was restored to the levels of T0 and that in Group D, reaching 6.1 +/- 0.5 IU/L; while PRL and T were changed insignificantly in the chemotherapeutic course, and restored at T2 to the level of T0, comparable to that in group D. Contrarily, levels of E2 and FSH increased significantly (P <0.01) in group B after chemotherapy (at T1) to 135 +/- 14 pmol/L and 9.1 +/- 1.1 IU/L respectively, and till T2, being 140 +/- 15 pmol/L and 9.1 +/- 1.o IU/L, they were lower than those at T0 and higher than those in group D, A and C ( all P <0.01), but the two indexes were not significantly increased in group C, being 116 +/- 12 pmol/L and 7.1 +/- 0.9 IU/L at T1. However, all the parameters showed no significant change in group A and D, and the level of P showed insignificant change in all the groups in the whole observation period.

CONCLUSIONCT-F could induce multiple sex hormonal abnormalities in male patients with post-operational gastrointestinal cancer, and HM shows protective and detoxifying effects on them in different degrees.

Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fluorouracil ; therapeutic use ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Leucovorin ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Qi

To explore the growth and development and analyze the quality of the parthenocarpy fruit induced by exogenous hormones of Siraitia grosvenorii. the horizontal and vertical diameter, volume of the fruit were respectively measured by morphological and the content of endogenous hormones were determined by ELISA. The size and seed and content of mogrosides of mature fruit were determined. The results showed that the fruit of parthenocarpy was seedless and its growth and development is similar to the diploid fruit by hand pollination and triploid fruit by hand pollination or hormones. But the absolute value of horizontal and vertical diameter, volume of parthenocarpy fruit was less than those of fruit by hand pollination, while triploid was opposite. The content of IAA, ABA and ratio of ABA/GA was obviously wavy. At 0-30 d the content of IAA and ABA of parthenocarpy fruit first reduced then increased, content of IAA and GA parthenocarpy fruit was higher than that of fruit by hand pollination. Mogrosides of parthenocarpy fruit was close to pollination fruit. Hormones can induce S. grosvenorii parthenocarpy to get seedless fruit and the fruit shape and size and quality is close to normal diploid fruit by hand pollination and better than triploid fruit by hormone or hand pollination.
Cucurbitaceae ; chemistry ; drug effects ; genetics ; growth & development ; Diploidy ; Fruit ; chemistry ; genetics ; growth & development ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Few studies have reported the effects of early tracheotomy in acute severe asthmatic patients. We report two patients with acute severe asthma who were successfully treated with early tracheotomy. METHODS: The two patients with acute severe asthma were retrospectively reviewed. They had been treated at the Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. RESULTS: They developed progressively hypercapnia and severe acidosis, and were not improved after conventional therapies. Early tracheotomy after mechanical ventilation decreased airway resistance and work of breathing, and corrected hypercapnia and acidosis. Adequate gas exchange was maintained after tracheotomy. The two patients were subsequently weaned from mechanical ventilation and discharged. CONCLUSION: Early tracheotomy could be a valuable approach in certain patients with severe asthma.