Objective:To investigate the impact of QiliQiangXin Capsules on ventricular remodeling and cardiac contraction and relaxation function in aging rats with heart failure following myocardial infarction.Methods:From August 2022 to August 2023, a total of 30 old rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham-operated group, model group, and treatment group, with 10 rats in each group selected through a digital lottery method.The model and treatment groups were created by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery.The rats in the treatment group received daily administration of Astragalosa hebecarpa Drabanemerosa Strong Heart Capsule(1.0 g/kg)via gavage after 4 weeks.After the 4-week drug administration period, echocardiography was performed to measure various parameters including left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter(LVIDd), left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter(LVIDs), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), left ventricular anterior wall myocardial thickness(LVAWd), mitral valve early diastolic peak flow velocity(E peak), and early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus(e peak)detected by tissue Doppler(TDI). The E/e value was calculated based on these measurements.Additionally, serum levels of B-type brain natriuretic peptide(BNP), matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9), and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was employed to observe the morphological changes in myocardial tissue.Results:Compared to rats in the model group, rats in the treatment group exhibited lower left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole(LVIDd)(9.1±0.6 mm vs.11.4±0.8 mm, P<0.01), lower left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole(LVIDs)(5.9±0.8 mm vs.8.7±0.9 mm, P<0.01), lower E/e ratio(13.4±2.0 vs.16.3±2.8, P<0.05), higher left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(68.8±7.1% vs.52.0±8.4%, P<0.01), and elevated left ventricular anterior wall thickness at end-diastole(LVAWd)(1.5±0.2 mm vs.1.2±0.3 mm, P<0.05). In addition, compared to rats in the model group, the treatment group showed a decrease in brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)(0.26±0.04 μg/L vs.0.34±0.05 μg/L, P<0.01), decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)(3697.0±857.7 μg/L vs.4719.5±703.5 μg/L, P<0.01), decreased matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)(87.3±13.8 μg/L vs.116.5±9.6 μg/L, P<0.01), decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)(165.3±36.9 μg/L vs.269.8±35.0 μg/L, P<0.01), and lower TNF-α levels(165.3±36.9 μg/L vs.269.8±35.0 μg/L, P<0.01). Histological examination using hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining revealed that the treatment group had less severe cardiac myocyte arrangement disorder and inflammatory reaction compared to the model group. Conclusions:Qiliqiangxin Capsules were found to effectively delay ventricular remodeling and improve myocardial contraction and relaxation function in aging rats with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.

Objective: To report the clinical manifestations and laboratory features of five patients with congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) and explore its standardized clinical diagnosis and treatment along with a review of literature. Methods: Clinical data of patients, such as age of onset, disease manifestation, personal history, family history, and misdiagnosed disease, were collected. Treatment outcomes, therapeutic effects of plasma infusion, and organ function evaluation were observed. The relationship among the clinical manifestations, treatment outcomes, and ADAMTS13 gene mutation of patients with cTTP was analyzed. Additionally, detection of ADAMTS13 activity and analysis of ADAMTS13 gene mutation were explored. Results: The age of onset of cTTP was either in childhood or adulthood except in one case, which was at the age of 1. The primary manifestations were obvious thrombocytopenia, anemia, and different degrees of nervous system involvement. Most of the patients were initially suspected of having immune thrombocytopenia. Acute cTTP was induced by pregnancy and infection in two and one case, respectively. ADAMTS13 gene mutation was detected in all cases, and there was an inherent relationship between the mutation site, clinical manifestations, and degree of organ injury. Therapeutic or prophylactic plasma transfusion was effective for treating cTTP. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of cTTP vary among individuals, resulting in frequent misdiagnosis that delays treatment. ADAMTS13 activity detection in plasma and ADAMTS13 gene mutation analysis are important bases to diagnose cTTP. Prophylactic plasma transfusion is vital to prevent the onset of the disease.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Adult ; Blood Component Transfusion ; Plasma ; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic/therapy* ; Mutation ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; ADAMTS13 Protein/therapeutic use*

SARS-CoV-2-induced immune thrombocytopenia (SARS-CoV-2-induced ITP) is an autoimmune disease secondary to virus infections. Its diagnosis is often based on exclusion of other possible causes of thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients. Common laboratory examinations include coagulation function, thrombopoietin and drug-dependent antibodies. Since both bleeding and thrombosis risks are seen in SARS-CoV-2-induced ITP patients, individual remedy is essential for the treatment of this disease. Because thrombopoietin receptor agonist(TPO-RA) has the side effect of accelerating thrombosis and may aggravate the pulmonary embolism symptoms of patients, it should be used for refractory SARS-CoV-2-induced ITP patients only. This review briefly summarizes the recent research progress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2-induced ITP.
Humans ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/drug therapy* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19/complications* ; Thrombocytopenia ; Thrombosis/drug therapy* ; Thrombopoietin/therapeutic use* ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/therapeutic use*

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a blood system disease mediated by autoimmune mechanism. Currently, the goal of treatment for primary ITP is to keep patients' peripheral platelet count at a safe level to prevent severe bleeding. Recently, avatrombopag and fostamatinib have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of primary ITP in adults, while new drugs such as rozanolixizumab, efgartigimod, PRTX-100, decitabine and atorvastatin have shown efficacy in early clinical trials. This review summarizes the current accepted therapies for the clinical treatment of primary ITP in adults, and briefly discuss the progress of new therapies.
Adult ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Platelet Count ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/drug therapy* ; Splenectomy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the shared mechanisms of scutellarin in angina pectoris (AP) and ischemic stroke (IS) treatment. METHODS: A network pharmacology approach was used to detect the potential mechanisms of scutellarin in AP and IS treatment by target prediction, protein-protein interaction (PPI) data collection, network construction, network analysis, and enrichment analysis. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation was employed to analyze the interaction between scutellarin and core targets. RESULTS: Two networks were established, including a disease-target network and a PPI network of scutellarin targets against AP and IS. Network analysis showed that 14 targets, namely, AKT1, VEGFA, JUN, ALB, MTOR, ESR1, MAPK8, HSP90AA1, NOS3, SERPINE1, FGA, F2, FOXO3, and STAT1, might be the therapeutic targets of scutellarin in AP and IS. Among them, NOS3 and F2 were recognized as the core targets. Additionally, molecular docking simulation confifirmed that scutellarin exhibited a relatively high potential for binding to the active sites of NOS3 and F2. Furthermore, enrichment analysis indicated that scutellarin might exert a therapeutic role in both AP and IS by regulating several important pathways, such as coagulation cascades, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway, forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, insulin resistance, and estrogen signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The shared underlying mechanisms of scutellarin on AP and IS treatment might be strongly associated with its vasorelaxant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects as well as its effect on improving lipid metabolism.

Through the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance platform system, with the help of medical records, Ye Tianshi and Wu Jutong's medication characteristics for summer heat sickness were analyzed, the laws of the two people's medication were summarized, and the similarities and differences between the two were explored to explore the relationship. As a result, it was found that both of them recognized the relationship between summer heat and wetness, and Wu Jutong believed that "wind" was also an important pathogenic factor. Both of the patients were treated with cold medicine and warm medicine. They used mostly bitter, sweet, pungent taste and lungs, spleen, stomach, and heart meridian are the main components; two are commonly used Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Talcum, Rehmanniae Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma and other drugs, Ye Tianshi use Scrophulariae Radix, Tetrapanacis Medulla, Coicis Semen and other drugs more, Wu Jutong use Gypsum Fibrosum, Sojae Semen Praeparatum, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba and other drugs more; at the same time, a combination of two high-frequency medicines used by two people has been excavated, and a new prescription has been deduced to provide a reference for further understanding and treatment of summer diseases.

Ginkgo is one of the most successful cases of botanical drugs developed by modern science and technology during the past fifty years all over the world. At present ginkgo has been applied to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease widely, and has good clinical efficacy. Type 2 diabetes has been proved to be the risk equivalents of cardiovascular disease, therefore it has an important scientific significance for looking for more effective drugs of prevention and control of diabetes. To seek more efficient and safe drug from the plant medicine which has the function of regulate blood sugar and improve insulin resistance becomes a hotspot at home and abroad. Basic and clinical studies have shown the ginkgo preparations of Chinese medicine have certain regulation effect on blood sugar and insulin resistance. In this paper, we review the mechanisms and clinical applications of ginkgo preparations on diabetes and its applications during the past 10 years.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage

Spleen kidney Yang deficiency (SKYD) diarrhea is a common syndrome in tranditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Until now, there is not an ideal SKYD diarrhea rat model for the research. In this study, we compared single factor way (method I, injecting hydrocortisone and gavaging Sennae Folium) with compound factors way(method II, gavaging adenine, improper diet, exhaustion, and gavaging Sennae Folium) on establishing SKYD diarrhea rat model. After modelling, diarrhea index, D-xylose excretory rate, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index and histopathology examination were used to evaluate the two ways. The results showed that, compared with health group, all the assessment criterias of method I and method II had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05). In addition, the index such as diarrhea index, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index (kidney, testis and thymus) and histopathology examination had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05) between method I and method II. In conclusion, the compound factors modelling method better conforms to the symptom of diarrhoea model caused by SKYD. This new modelling method provides a basis for studying on TCM astringents warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney, relieving diarrhea.
Animals ; Diarrhea ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Xylose ; metabolism ; Yang Deficiency ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo establish a method to determine underivatized endogenous amino acids in brain tissues after cerebral ischemia based on RRLC-QQQ.

METHODDiamonsil chromatographic column C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was adopted to determine 12 amino acids in 15 min, with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid for gradient elution. The flow rate was set at 0.5 mL x min(-1). With ESI as the ion source, positive ion scanning mode was adopted for multi-reaction monitoring.

RESULTEach amino acid standard curve (AAs) showed good linear relationship within the detection range (r > 0.996), with the limit of detection of less than 11%, the limit of quantitation of less than 3.09 microg x L(-1). The RSD of intra- and inter-day precisions at high, middle and low concentrations were less than 11%.

CONCLUSIONThe determination results of actual samples showed that compared with the levels of AAs of the sham operation group, all of the remaining amino acids apart from N-acetyl-aspartate increased in brain tissues. Some amino acids showed significant changes in a time-dependent manner after the operation. The method is so simple, rapid and sensitive that it can be used for finding biological metabolite markers of cerebral ischemia, and exploring cerebral ischemia molecular mechanisms and synergistic mechanism of combined administration of multi-component traditional Chinese medicines.

Amino Acids ; metabolism ; Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Five compounds were isolated from Capsicum annuum by means of various chromatographic techniques (silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI GEL CHP-20P and HPLC), and their structures were determined as luteolin-7-O-[2"-O-(5"-O-sinapoyl)-beta-D-apiofuranosyl]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), uridine (2), adenosine (3), 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy cinnamic acid ethyl ester (4) and 7-hydroxy cinnamic acid ethyl ester (5) by extensive spectroscopic analyses (UV, IR, MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR). Among them, compound 1 is a new flavone glycoside named as capsicuoside A, and cmpounds 2-5 are isolated for the first time from the fruits of C. annuum.
Capsicum ; chemistry ; Flavones ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry