Objective To explore continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) machine for plasma exchange in critical disease in children.Methods Retrospective study of 8 patients(8 month to 14 years,mean 5.7 years) and 32 plasma exchange treatments,after(adowble) lumen catheter inserted into the subclayian venous,using the Baxter BM25 machine with commercially available plasma filters.Results Five patients(3 ABO-incompatibility in bone marrow transplantation,1 thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura TTP,1 sepsis) gained full recovery.One systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and 1 sepsis experienced moderate improvement while 1 case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis failed PE treatment.The average total exchange volume was 80-100 mL/kg,achieved at a blood flow rate of 5-10 mL/(kg?min) and a turnover rate of 60-120 mL/(kg?h) over a 3-hours duration.Thirty-one PE treatments were finished smoothly,one of which experienced the serious complication involving plasma filter.Conclusion Plasma exchange therapy is a safe and effective procedure for severe autoimmune abnormalities and pathogen removal in children.

AIM: To assess the relative agreement of GAT and NCT in IOP measurement by comparing the differences between Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) and non-contact tonometer (NCT) in intraocular pressure (IOP) detection.METHODS: IOP of 529 eyes of 265 volunteers were measured with both NCT and GAT, respectively.RESULTS: The measurement results of NCT were lower than that of GAT, there was significant difference between the IOP measured with NCT and GAT (19.13 vs23.43, t=22.644, P＜0.05). With the increasing of IOP values, the difference magnitude was greater, especially in IOP group that was more than 30mmHg, but the correlation coefficient became lower.CONCLUSION: The measurement results with NCT are lower than that of GAT. When the IOP with the NCT is in borderline value, it need be corrected with GAT, in order to discover the pathologically elevated IOP and avoid the misdiagnosis and mistreatment of glaucoma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on cell injuries and tau hyperphosphorylation induced by okadaic acid (OA).

METHODSThe experimental groups were designed as follows: (1) SH-SY5Y culture (control group); (2) SH-SY5Y exposed to 40 nmol/L OA for 24 hours (OA group); (3) SH-SY5Y exposed to OA for 24 hours in the presence of 2 hour pretreatment with 100, 200 and 400 ng/ml IGF-1 (IGF-1 pretreatment groups). The changes of cell morphology were observed by inverted microscope. The viability of cells was detected by MTT. The injuries of cells were examined by Hoechst 33258 staining and the activity of caspase-3. Western-blot was applied to determine the expression of phosphorylation of tau protein.

RESULTSIn IGF-1 pretreatment group, the cell morphology was improved, the viability of cells was increased, and caspase-3 activation and hyperphosphorylation of tau (Ser396) were reduced.

CONCLUSIONIGF-1 can protect the SH-SY5Y cells from cell injuries induced by OA by inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; pharmacology ; Neuroblastoma ; pathology ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Okadaic Acid ; antagonists & inhibitors ; toxicity ; Phosphorylation ; drug effects ; tau Proteins ; chemistry

Aged ; Coal Mining ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Tachycardia ; etiology

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of melatonin on the content of β-endorphin (β-EP) in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) and periaqueductal grey (PAG) of midbrain in morphine withdrawal mice. Male Kunming mice were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with an increasing dose of morphine continuously for 8 d to establish morphine dependence model. Withdrawal response was induced by naloxone (3 mg/kg body weight, s.c.). The potency of withdrawal response was evaluated according to the jumping times and body weight loss. Ninty minutes prior to the precipitation of naloxone, 80 mg/kg body weight of melatonin (MEL) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) to observe its antagonistic effect on the withdrawal response in morphine-dependent mice. After behavioral observation, radioimmunoassay was used to determine the content of β-EP in the PAG of midbrain, and immunohistochemical assay was used to observe the intensity of β-EP-like immunoreactivity in the Arc in mice. It was shown that MEL inhibited the naloxone-precipitated withdrawal responses in mice significantly (P<0.05). In the meantime, MEL increased the content of β-EP in the PAG of midbrain significantly (P<0.05) and attenuated the intensity of β-EP-like immunoreactivity in the Arc in mice (P<0.05). The results suggest that MEL increases the content of β-EP in the PAG of midbrain, decrease the content of β-EP in the Arc in morphine withdrawal mice.
Animals ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Melatonin ; pharmacology ; Mesencephalon ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Morphine Dependence ; Naloxone ; Periaqueductal Gray ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; beta-Endorphin ; metabolism

AIMTo investigate the effect of melatonin on learning and memory impairment in mice induced by aluminum chloride and its possible mechanism.

METHODSMice were treated with intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of 2 microL 5% aluminum chloride solution, once a day for 5 d. At the same time, the mice were given intraperitoneally melatonin 0.6, 3 and 15 mg.kg-1, once a day for 14 d. The passive avoidance of the mice was assessed by step-through test on day 15 after the last icv injection, and then the place navigation and spatial probe ability by Morris water maze were tested. After the spatial probe test, the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice brain were determined.

RESULTSMelatonin ameliorated significantly the impairment of passive avoidance memory, the place navigation and spatial probe ability of mice induced by aluminum chloride. Melatonin was found to prevent significantly the decline of T-SOD, CuZn-SOD and GSH-Px activities, the increase of MDA content in the cortex and hippocampus of mouse brain induced by aluminum chloride.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that melatonin improves significantly the learning and memory impairment in mice induced by aluminum chloride, and this effect may be attributed to its antioxidation.

Aluminum Compounds ; Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Chlorides ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Melatonin ; therapeutic use ; Memory Disorders ; drug therapy ; Mice ; Random Allocation ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To explore the value of enhanced T2 star weighted angiography(ESWAN)in the treatment of uterine fibroids with high intensity focus ultrasound(HIFU) by analyzing the changes of ESWAN. Methods Uterine fibroids were detected through pelvic conventional MRI and ESWAN 1 day before and after HIFU operation. Different indexes of ESWAN were measured ,and differences were compared with the paired t-test. Results The preoperative and postoperative values of magnitude were 1624.59 ± 53.07 and 1750.13 ± 39.81, phase values were 0.0012 ± 0.0081 Hz and 0.0025 ± 0.1063 Hz,R2*value were 27.69 ± 1.27 Hz and 24.19 ± 1.20 Hz,and T2*values were 34.66 ± 2.07 ms and 36.46 ± 2.14 ms. After HIFU operation,magnitude value,phase value and T2*value were higher(P=0.04,P=0.91 and P=0.45),and R2*value was lower(P=0.019). Conclusions ESWAN can provide more information about histopathologic changes of uterine fibroids after HIFU.

A strain of high-efficiency bioflocculant-producting bacteria,which was named TJ-3,was screened from sewage sludge.The strain was gram-negative and rod-shaped in physiological biochemical test and was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by 16S rDNA Sequencing.According to the growth curve of the TJ-3 strain,the growth stabilization period is long so that Microbial Flocculants(MBF) production is stable.The MBF produced by the TJ-3 strain is able to flocculante kaolin suspension with 98.2%.The MBF activity distribution tests show that most of the active components of the bioflocculant exist in deposition after centrifufation.When pH is 8.5,1%(quality fraction) CaCl2 Solution dosing quantity is 3.5 mL,bioflocculant dosing quantity is 1.5 mL in 100 mL kaolin suspension,the bioflocculant has an optimal flocculation.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Huashengping capsules. Methods: Milkvetch Root, Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Salvia miltiorrhiza were identified by TLC. The content of astragaloside A was detected by HPLC. The column was Kormasil C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5 μm) and the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1. The mobile phases was a mixture of acetonitrile-water (32∶68 ) . The detection wavelength was 203 nm. The column temperature was 25℃ and the sample size was 20μl. Results:The TLC chro-matography spots were clear. Astragaloside A was linear within the range of 2. 000-10. 000 μg(r=0. 999 6) and the average recovery was 100. 8%(RSD=1. 9%,n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reliable, which can be used in the quality con-trol of Huashengping capsules.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rituximab treatments for refractory and relapsed idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). 18 patients with refractory and relapsed ITP who received 22 courses of rituximab treatments from January 2007 to December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Rituximab was given at a dose of 375 mg/m(2) intravenously weekly for a continuous 4 weeks. The results indicated that responses were achieved in 15 of 22 (68%) courses, out of which complete responses were achieved in 10 of 22 (45%) courses, partial and minimal responses were achieved in 5 of 22 (23%) courses, and no responses were achieved in 7 of 22 (32%) courses. The median time of response was 3 weeks (1 - 17 weeks) from the start of treatment and median duration of response was 13 weeks (1 week - 42 months). The responses were mostly short-sustained and follow-up median time was 20 months (1 - 52 months). The responses of 8 patients (36%) sustained for over 6 months, 6 patients (27%) sustained for over 1 year, and 4 patients also showed sustained response at last visit of follow-up. Previous splenectomy resulted in a poor response (P = 0.037). Patients who failed in rituximab treatment and prior received multiple treatments including splenectomy, had a poor response to further therapies. It is concluded that rituximab is well tolerated by patients and is useful in some patients with relapsed and refractory ITP, however, only about 20% patients can achieve sustained remissions. The patients who failed in rituximab treatment has a poor response to further treatment.
Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; drug therapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult