Objective To investigate the mosquito abundance and their relative species composition within and outside the Rare Birds National Nature Reserve of Yancheng,Jiangsu Province. Methods Sampling was carried out between May and Oct. 2004 at two weeks interval in two foci (the Reserve and nearby residential district) in Sheyang County. Mosquitoes were collected with the modified CDC light trap. Density was calculated,and species were identified. Environmental temperatures,rainfall and relative humidity were monitored during the study. Results A total of 40 912 mosquitoes were captured in the two foci. The sampled mosquitoes were identified as 4 species belonging to three genera (Anopheles sinensis,Culex pipiens pallens,Cx. tritaeniorhynchus,and Armigeres subalbatus). The most abundant mosquito species was An. sinensis and Cx pipiens pallens,which accounted for 97.7% of the whole number. 92% and 8% of the total amount of mosquitoes were collected from the nature reserve and residential district respectively. The most abundant species in the nature reserve and residential district was An. sinensis(60.6%) and Cx. pipiens pallens(76%),respectively. Within the nature reserve,there were two peaks occurred in adult abundance,in mid-and late July and mid-Sept. The abundance of mosquitoes in the area was positively correlated to the temperature (r=0.765,P=0.005). Conclusion The wetland is an ideal breeding place for An. sinensis and Cx pipiens pallens. The peaks of mosquito abundance are in mid-and late July and mid-Sept. It is of importance to carry out surveillance on mosquito vectors with pathogen-transmitting potential.

Objective To investigate the amount of CD4+CD_(25)~+ regulation T cells(Tr cells) and the expression of Foxp3 in peripheral blood in children with acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(AITP),and analyze the relationship between CD4+CD_(25)~+ Tr cells and the immunopathogenesis of AITP.Methods CD4+CD_(25)~+ Tr cells were detected by flow cytometry in peripheral blood from AITP children and health children.Besides,related cytokine in peripheral blood were assigned by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression of Foxp3 were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results CD4+CD_(25)~+ Tr cells decreased obviously in peripheral blood in children compared with that of control group [(2.83?1.05)% vs (5.07?0.59)%,P

RAPD molecular marker was widely applied to the studies of edible fungi due to it’s simplicity , rapidity and economy. The principle of RAPD molecular marker and its applications to edible fungi were summarized. The applications of RAPD to edible fungi were introduced in species and parental strain identification,genetic diversity, gene clone, gene isolation and the construction of gene linkage map. RAPD molecular marker provids a powerful tool for the studies of edible fungi.

Objective To evaluate the safety of coronary intervention using iodixanol in patients with diabetic renal insufficiency.Methods Clinical data of 97 patients with diabetic renal insufficiency undergoing coronary intervention during June 2004 to June 2006 were retrospectively analyzed,50 of them with iodixanol,an iso-osmolar contrast medium (iodixanol group),and 47 with iopromide,a hypotanic contrast medium (iopromide group).Judkin's coronary angiography showed 167 diseased vessels in the patients,65 in anterior descending branches,44 in circumflex branches,and 58 in right coronary arteries. Levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were determined before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),on the day of the procedure,the 3rd and 7th days after PCI,respectively,as well as radiocontrast media-induced nephropathy (CIN) was observed.Results Totally,192 drug-eluting stents were successfully implanted in 167 diseased vessels,and all patients' angina pectoris symptom disappeared soon after the procedure,with a full success.No acute or subacute stent thrombosis and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) occurred.Two patients (4%) in iodixanol group and 10 (21%) in iopromide group got CIN,with a statistical significance (P

To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of nerve growth factor ( NGF ) on acute angle-closure glaucoma patients after trabeculetomy.METHODS: Patients with viral keratitis who underwent trabeculectomy in treatment of acute angle - closure glaucoma in Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University from December 2011 to October 2013 were selected and completed the treatment, 61 eyes of 45 cases were followed up. The treatment group of 23 cases (32 eyes) with acute angle-closure glaucoma patients were treated by NGF gel for 3mo after trabeculetomy, while in the control group 22 cases (29 eyes) were treated by normal saline replaced NGF. All patients were followed up for at least 12mo, visual acuity, perimetry, retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL) thickness and cup/disc ratio of the patients were followed up during the treatment. The safety of topical use of NGF gel was also evaluated.RESULTS:ln all patients, the intraocular pressure ( lOP) was successfully controlled under 21mmHg and the visual acuity was markedly increased in the affected eye after trabeculectomy. Compared with control group, the postoperative lOP and visual acuity had no significant differences in treatment group (P>0. 05). The average light sensitivity of perimetry and mean defect were better than that in control group postoperative 6 and 12mo; The results of optical coherent tomography ( OCT ) and Heiderburg Retina Tomography ( HRT )-Ⅲ showed that RNFL thickness was significantly greater than that in control group, while cup/disc ratio significantly less than that in control group postoperative 6 and 12mo. Ocular surface damage, corneal endothelium to reduce and other eye complication were no observed in treatment group.CONCLUSlON:Acute angle-closure glaucoma treated by NGF gel after operation is effective and safe.

Objective:To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices ( KAP) on National Essential Medi-cine System among pharmacists from secondary public hospitals in Shaanxi province. Methods: The quantitative re-search of KAP questionnaire is used, and the content of questionnaire includes personal information, knowledge, atti-tudes and practices. Results: A total of 520 copies of questionnaires were distributed and 82. 3% were effective. Respondents’ overall knowledge and attitudes are at the middle level;the main way to obtain knowledge is via training and meeting;respondents’ education level and frequency of participating in training have a significant impact on their level of knowledge;the degree of attention paid by hospitals has yet to be strengthened; and respondents are mostly concerned about the supply and distribution of essential drugs. Conclusion: In order to improve the awareness and recognition levels of pharmacists on the implementation of National Essential Medicine System in secondary public hospitals, the government should take the relevant measures, including introducing the high educated persons into secondary public hospitals, organizing related training programs and standardizing the daily monitoring of essential drugs in secondary public hospitals, etc.

Objective To investigate the prognostic sequelae in neontes with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and ven-tricnlar dilatation.Methods Seventy-six full term newborns infants with HIE were followed up at the age from 3 to 19 months after therapy. Twenty-five infants among them were followed up by telephone in the epidemic period of SARS.Results Among 76 infants of 88 newborn infants with HIE(84.6%), 73 infants were normal (96.1% ). 1 infant had cerebral palsy (1.3%), 2 infants died (2.6 %).Among 39 cases with mild HIE, none of them had cerebral sequelae; among moderate HIE. 1 infant had cerebral palsy (2.9%) 1 infant died (2. 9 %), interlenkin-4 among severe HIE 50 % died (P00.5 The poor outcome of HIE in those infants were related to intrauterine growth retardation,severe birth asphyxia;and inadequate treatment.Cranial ultra-sonography of 49 infants were done on follow-up,and 12 of them (24.5 % ) had ventricular dilatations, which appeared after birth with 6 infants. Others occurred on follow-up with 1 infant had cerobral palsy,all ventricular dilatations recovered to normal at 12- 19 months except the cerebral palsy.Conclusions The poor outcome of HIE depends on the infants with intranterine growth relarda-tion,severe birth asphyxia and inadequate treatment.The prognosis of transient ventrealar ddatation are good except cerebral palsy.J Appl Clin pediatr,2004,19(12) : 1045- 1047

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of advanced practice nurse–guided home-based rehabilitation exercise program (HREPro) among patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke. Methods: This randomized controlled study recruited 121 patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke. Intervention (n = 59) and control (n = 62) groups underwent 12-month HREPro and conventional rehabilitation, respectively, after discharge. The Fugl–Meyer assessment of spasticity measurement, modified Ashworth scale of motor function, 10-Meter Walk Test of walking ability, and Barthel index of activities of daily living (ADL) were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge. Results: Significant differences were found in spasticity degree, motor function, walking ability, and ADL at 6 and 12 months after discharge between the control and intervention groups. Lower limb spasticity and ADL in the intervention group were significantly improved. Conclusion HREPro is effective for rehabilitation of patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke and has favorable home application.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of advanced practice nurse–guided home-based rehabilitation exercise program (HREPro) among patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke. Methods: This randomized controlled study recruited 121 patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke. Intervention (n = 59) and control (n = 62) groups underwent 12-month HREPro and conventional rehabilitation, respectively, after discharge. The Fugl–Meyer assessment of spasticity measurement, modified Ashworth scale of motor function, 10-Meter Walk Test of walking ability, and Barthel index of activities of daily living (ADL) were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge. Results: Significant differences were found in spasticity degree, motor function, walking ability, and ADL at 6 and 12 months after discharge between the control and intervention groups. Lower limb spasticity and ADL in the intervention group were significantly improved. Conclusion HREPro is effective for rehabilitation of patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke and has favorable home application.

Objective To study the pollution and source apportionment differences of different periods PM2.5 in the residential community of suburb in Tianjin City during heating and non-heating periods. Methods From 2015 to 2016, daytime and nighttime PM2.5 samples were collected at a community in the suburb of Tianjin. The mass concentration of PM2.5 samples and major chemical components in PM2.5, including metal elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and inorganic water-soluble ions were monitored. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was used to apportion potential sources of metal elements, PAHs and inorganic water-soluble ions in daytime and nighttime PM2.5. Results In the heating period, the concentrations of some metal elements of suburban residential community were higher in the daytime than in the nighttime. In the non-heating period, the concentrations of some PAHs and inorganic water-soluble ions of suburban residential community were higher in the nighttime than in the daytime. Meanwhile, the concentrations of some metal elements were greater in the daytime than in the nighttime. When in heating period, the main source of PM2.5 in the suburban residential community was coal combustion during daytime and its source contribution rate was 50.1% while secondary aerosol and fuel combustion emissions of gasoline and diesel vehicles were main sources during nighttime and their source contribution rates were 41.0% and 35.9%. The principal source of daytime PM2.5 in the suburban residential community was indoor activity emissions during non-heating period, and secondary aerosol was main source during nighttime and their source contribution rates were 29.8% and 31.1%. Conclusions The pollution status of PM2.5 in residential communities of suburban is serious, and the source apportionment of day and night PM2.5 samples has different in different heating periods.