Female ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Semicircular Canals ; surgery ; Vertigo ; etiology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of recombinant human adenovirus p53 (rAd-p53) combined with cisplatin on the expression of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

METHODSHuman lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were treated with rAd-p53 combined with cisplatin (combination group) or with cisplatin alone(cisplatin group). The expressions of the cell genes were compared between these two groups and the results were analyzed by SAM software.

RESULTA total of 43 differential genes were found, 15 of which were up-regulated and 28 were down-regulated.

CONCLUSIONFollowing introduction of rAd-p53, many genes regulating cell cycle, proliferation and apoptosis expresses up or down which significantly enhance chemosensitivity and killing efficiency of cisplatin on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoviruses, Human ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes, p53 ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transfection

BACKGROUND: The quality of chest compressions can be significantly improved after training of rescuers according to the latest national guidelines of China. However, rescuers may be unable to maintain adequate compression or ventilation throughout a response of average emergency medical services because of increased rescuer fatigue. In the present study, we evaluated the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in training of military medical university students during a prolonged basic life support (BLS). METHODS: A 3-hour BLS training was given to 120 military medical university students. Six months after the training, 115 students performed single rescuer BLS on a manikin for 8 minutes. The qualities of chest compressions as well as ventilations were assessed. RESULTS: The average compression depth and rate were 53.7±5.3 mm and 135.1±15.7 compressions per minute respectively. The proportion of chest compressions with appropriate depth was 71.7％±28.4％. The average ventilation volume was 847.2±260.4 mL and the proportion of students with adequate ventilation was 63.5％. Compared with male students, significantly lower compression depth (46.7±4.8 vs. 54.6±4.8 mm,P<0.001) and adequate compression rate (35.5％±26.5％ vs. 76.1％±25.1％,P<0.001) were observed in female students. CONCLUSIONS: CPR was found to be related to gender, body weight, and body mass index of students in this study. The quality of chest compressions was well maintained in male students during 8 minutes of conventional CPR but declined rapidly in female students after 2 minutes according to the latest national guidelines. Physical fitness and rescuer fatigue did not affect the quality of ventilation.

PURPOSE: To analyze the maxillary sinus anatomy over edentulous ridges in the bilateral posterior maxillary area in Taiwanese patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: In total, 101 anatomical sites from 61 patients, including 32 premolar and 69 molar regions, were analyzed using CBCT. Measurements were made of the width and height of edentulous ridges, the thickness of the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus, and the presence of a sinus septum and the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA). A statistical analysis of the measurements was performed, and correlations among the measurements were assessed. RESULTS: The average ridge width was 10.26±3.16 mm, with a significantly greater ridge width in the second molar region than in the premolar region. The mean residual ridge height was 8.55±4.09 mm, and ridge height showed an opposite trend from ridge width for the premolar and molar regions. A sinus septum was present at 5.9% of the sites, and the PSAA was observed in 24.5%. The average thickness of the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus was 2.08±0.94 mm, with no significant difference between the tooth position and lateral wall thickness. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents the anatomical features of the maxillary sinus, which should be considered in sinus lift procedures for implant placement, in the Taiwanese population. The use of CBCT is recommended to avoid intraoperative complications.
Arteries ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bicuspid ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Jaw, Edentulous ; Maxillary Sinus ; Molar ; Sinus Floor Augmentation ; Tooth

The aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphism of microsatellite repeats DXS15, CA13, CA22 tightly linked to FVIII gene in Guangdong population and its practical value in genetic diagnosis for hemophilia A. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods were adopted to test the variability of the 3 microsatellite repeat in Guangdong females, including 111 females, 222 X chromosomes for detecting DXS15 polymorphism; 87 females, 174X chromosomes for detecting CA13 polymorphism; 94 females, 188 X chromosomes for detecting CA22 polymorphism. The results indicated that 11 alleles corresponding to DXS15 were found at this locus with size ranging from 140 to 160 bp. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of this microsatellite repeat was 0.82, heterozygosity was 82%. Six alleles corresponding to CA13 were found, with a size from 145 to 155 bp, and PIC was 0.56, heterozygosity was 56.2%. Four alleles corresponding to CA22 were found with size ranging from 79 to 85 bp, and PIC was 0.41, heterozygosity was 50%. It is concluded that in contrast to the information about Caucasian, the polymorphism of these 3 microsatellites differs from race to race, and region to region. DXS15, CA13 and CA22 are highly polymorphic genetic markers useful for linkage analysis of haemophilia A, which may play a vital role in detection and prenatal diagnosis for hemophilia A.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; DNA ; analysis ; Factor VIII ; genetics ; Female ; Hemophilia A ; genetics ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tandem Repeat Sequences

AIMStudy on the relationship between the degraded spinal cord injuries and the changes of the motor evoked potentials (MEP) to prove the diagnosis and prognosis value of MEP.

METHODSAfter injury at T8-T9 cord using modified Allen's weight-drop method, 27 male SD rats were divided randomly into control group (n = 5), group A (50 gcf, n = 8), group B (70 gcf, n = 8) and group C (100 gcf, n = 6). MEPs elicited by monopolar transcortical stimulation were recorded continuously before injury, just after injury, 15 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours and 6 hours after injury. The rate of the size of the bleeding or necrosis area to the total cord was also calculated.

RESULTSMEP had no significant change in the control group. The amplitude of MEP's early components in group A or group B decreased or even obliterated after SCI, and then partially recovered, while the late components were lost without any recovery signals. All animals in group C showed no MEP waves excepting 2 rats had recovery signals. The size of the cord injuries area increased according to the dropping force and was correlated significantly with the amplitude of the largest peaks of scMEP 1 hour after SCI (r = -0.821).

CONCLUSIONThe scMEP changes after SCI are correlated with the injury forces and the pathological changes in the cord, which indicates that scMEP can be used as an objective index for the cord functional monitoring.

Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials, Motor ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; pathology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the relation between p53 protein expression and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSThe DerSimonian-Laird random effect model was used to analyze the data reported in relevant literature.

RESULTSSixteen trials involving 1070 patients were retrieved. The overall positivity rate of p53 was 50.4% and overall response rate to cisplatin was 38.7%. The test for heterogeneity showed that all eligible studies had heterogeneity (chi 2-/+47.57, P<0.0001). The combined odds ratio (OR) was 1.37, with 95% confidence interval of 0.84-2.24.

CONCLUSIONExpression of p53 protein in patients with NSCLC is not associated with the chemosensitivity to cisplatin.

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; biosynthesis

The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and CD8-positive T cells are two important immune factors that function at opposite directions. The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between the two factors and their associations with long-term effects of adjuvant chemotherapy or endocrine therapy in breast cancer. Expression of TGF-β1 precursor and CD8 was immunohistochemically detected on surgically-obtained tumor samples of 130 (stage I-III) invasive breast carcinomas from Chinese subjects, who were followed up for a mean time of 112 months. Interstitial CD8-positive cells and TGF-β1 precursor-positive cells adjacent to tumor nests were counted. Infiltration of CD8-positive lymphocytes into tumor nests and TGF-β1 precursor expression in tumor cells were observed and survival analysis was performed. Our results showed that density of interstitial CD8-positive lymphocytes was an independent adverse prognostic factor for distant disease-free survival (DDFS) (HR=8.416, 95% CI=1.636-43.292, P=0.011) in hormone receptor-positive patients who were on adjuvant endocrine therapy. For breast cancer patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, those without infiltration of CD8-positive cells into tumor nests had a shorter overall survival (OS) than their counterparts with CD8-positive cell infiltration into tumor nests (Log-Rank, P=0.003). But OS of patients without infiltration of CD8-positive cells into tumor nests was significantly prolonged by adjuvant chemotherapy (Log-Rank, P=0.013) and paralleled that of patients with CD8-positive cell infiltration. Although OS was shorter in the tumor cell TGF-β1 precursor (t-TGF-β1-pre)-positive patients than in the negative patients in patients without receiving chemotherapy (P=0.053), OS of t-TGF-β1-pre-positive patients was significantly prolonged by adjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.035) and was longer than that of t-TGF-β1-pre-negative patients. Analysis showed that t-TGF-β1-pre was an independent positive prognostic factor for DDFS (HR=0.392 95% CI=0.157-0.978, P=0.045) in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy. This study suggested that density of interstitial CD8-positive lymphocytes was of prognostic value in hormone receptor-positive patients who received adjuvant endocrine therapy. Our study verified that adverse immunologic signatures consisting of absence of CD8-positive cells in tumor nests or expression of TGF-β1 precursor in tumor cells in breast cancer were associated with worse prognosis and significantly improved long-term survival with adjuvant chemotherapy, respectively.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; surgery ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Middle Aged ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Protein Precursors ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo assess and compare the prognostic role of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes in stage 1-3 breast cancer.

METHODSParaffin sections were retrospectively collected from 130 cases of stage 1-3 breast cancer patients who received surgery between January 2000 and December 2002 in General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs) that were positive of CD4 and CD8. These variables were evaluated for their association with histopathologic features along with overall survival(OS) , distant disease-free survival(DDFS) and disease-free survival(DFS) .

RESULTSIntraepithelial CD4+lymphocytes infiltration was an independent prognostic factor for DFS(HR=0.248, 95%CI=0.113-0.543, P=0.000) , DDFS(HR=0.361, 95%CI=0.157-0.830, P=0.017) , and OS(HR=0.297, 95%CI=0.119-0.741, P=0.009) in multifactor COX regression model. In hormone receptor negative group, mesenchymal CD8+lymphocytes and intraepithelial CD8+lymphocytes were independent prognostic factors for OS(HR=0.286, 95%CI=0.101-0.807, P=0.018) and DDFS(HR=0.293, 95%CI=0.104-0.825, P=0.020) , respectively. In hormone receptor positive group, mesenchymal CD8+lymphocytes and intraepithelial CD8+lymphocytes were independent prognostic factors for OS(HR=4.854, 95%CI=1.435-16.415, P=0.011) and DDFS(HR=10.493, 95%CI=1.226-89.795, P=0.032) respectively. Further analysis found that OS of hormone receptor positive patients with lower mesenchymal CD8+TILs was significantly proved by adjuvant endocrine therapy.

CONCLUSIONSIn the current investigation, intraepithelial CD4+TILs demonstrated independent prognostic significance for survival. CD8+TILs were associated with better survival in hormone receptor negative patients but associated with worse survival in hormone receptor positive patients. The long-term clinical effects of adjuvant endocrine therapy is related with density of mesenchymal CD8+TILs and in turn affected prognostic value of mesenchymal CD8+TILs.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the antitumor effect of natural killer (NK) cells on human colorectal cancer cells HT-29 in vitro by blocking transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling in NK cells transfected with vector containing dominant negative TGF-β type 2 receptor (DNTβR2).

METHODSTGF-β1 was added at the final concentration of 10 ng/ml for HT-29 cells. Primary NK cells were transfected with recombinant plasmid pIRES2-AcGFP-DNTβR2 and control plasmid pIRES2-AcGFP using Amaxa Nucleofector technology respectively. The cytotoxicity of these two types of NK cells to HT-29 cells was detected and analyzed by cell counting kit-8.

RESULTSThe transfection efficiency of primary NK cells was 18.85% for the plasmid pIRES2-AcGFP-DNTβR2 and 35.28% for the control plasmid pIRES2-AcGFP. The expression of DNTβR2 in NK cells was confirmed by Western blotting and RT-PCR. Primary NK cells displayed significantly lower cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells incubated with TGF-β1 than that without TGF-β1 (effect-target cell ratio 10:1,14.40%∓ 2.00% vs. 26.14% ∓ 2.50%, P > 0.05; effect-target cell ratio 20:1, 19.18% ∓ 2.49% vs. 40.81% ∓ 3.50%, P > 0.05). The cytotoxicity of NK cells transfected with DNTβR2 vector was significantly higher than that with control vector against HT-29 cells cultured with 10 ng/ml TGF-β1 (effect-target cell ratio 10:1, 21.17% ∓ 2.49% vs. 11.48% ∓ 1.11% ,P > 0.05; and effect-target cell ratio 20:1, 35.30% ∓ 3.78% vs. 17.19% ∓ 2.29%, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNK cells transfected with DNTβR2 vector show better antitumor effect, which may provide new method for NK-based adoptive immunotherapy for cancer.

HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism ; pharmacology