OBJECTIVE:To develop a method for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid,geniposide,gentiopicro-side,ferulic acid,baicalin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate in Yindan pinggan capsule. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted. The separation was performed on Wonda SilTM-C18 column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid solu-tion(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The detection wavelength were set at 325 nm(chlorogenic acid,ferulic ac-id),250 nm (geniposide,ammonium glycyrrhizinate) and 275 nm (gentiopicroside,baicalin). The column temperature was 30 ℃. RESULTS:The linear ranges were 0.087-3.480 μg for chlorogenic acid(r=0.9998),0.201-8.040 μg for geniposide(r=0.9997),0.200-8.000 μg for gentiopicroside(r=0.9995),0.016-0.640 μg for ferulic acid(r=0.9999),0.105-4.200 μg for ba-icalin (r=0.9999) and 0.028-1.120 μg for ammonium glycyrrhizinate (r=0.9995),respectively. The limits of quantitation were 1.31,0.75,1.14,1.25,0.94,0.98 ng,and the limits of detection were 0.87,0.67,0.96,0.93,0.60,0.88 ng,respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0%;recoveries were 99.9%-101.9%(RSD=0.7%,n=6), 98.7%-100.9%(RSD=0.9%,n=6),98.1%-101.5%(RSD=1.4%,n=6),98.5%-101.3%(RSD=1.3%,n=6),98.5%-101.7%(RSD=1.2%,n=6),98.2%-101.4%(RSD=1.2%,n=6),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate , can be used for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid,geniposide,gentiopicroside,ferulic acid,baicalin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate in Yindan pinggan capsule.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of curcumin(Cur)on trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid(TNBS)induced colitis and to investigate cytokines change in colon mucosa,spleen and sera.Methods Colitis was induced in SD rats by intrarectal injection of TNBS(100 mg/kg).Experi- mental animals were divided into negative control group,TNBS group and Cur therapeutic group(Cur, 30 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),intraperitoneal injection).Expression of cytokines mRNA in colon mucosa was observed by RT-PCR,intracellular cytokines of interferon(IFN)-?and interleukin(IL)-4 in splenocytes were detected by flow cytometry(FCM),concentrations of IFN-?and IL-4 in sera were determined by enzyme-link immunosorbent analysis(ELISA).Results After treatment with Cur,macroscopic scores (3.9?1.0 vs.2.2?0.7),myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity(15.0?2.6 vs.7.3?1.4),mRNA of IFN-?(1.02?0.07 vs.0.06?0.02,mRNAof IL-12(0.29?0.05 vs.0.11?0.01)and the ratio of IFN-?/IL-4(11.44?0.97 vs.0.38?0.10)in colon mucosa,proportion of IFN-?CD4~+(31.7?7.5 vs. 21.1?3.7)and the ratio of IFN-?/IL-4 CD4~+(19.9?5.1 vs.6.1?1.8)in splenocytes,concentra tions of IFN-?[(1528?159)pg/ml vs.(513?14)pg/ml] and the ratio of IFN-?/IL-4(19.5?4.1 vs. 4.2?0.6)in sera were all decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Meanwhile,mRNA of IL-4(0.09?0.01 vs.0.15?0.04)and IL-10(0.28?0.08 vs.0.63?0.12)in colon mucosa,proportion of IL-4 CD4~+ (1.6?0.5 vs.3.4?1.1)in splenocytes and concentrations of IL-4 in sera[(81?15)pg/ml vs.(124?20) pg/ml] were all increased after the treatment of Cur(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions Cur showed ther- apeutic effects on TNBS-induced colitis,and the mechanism might be through regulating the balance of Th1/ Th2 in colon locally and systematically.

Arachnoid ; pathology ; surgery ; Bone Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma ; surgery

Objective To study the risk factors of mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock patients. Methods 142 patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in ICU were observed and divided into alive group (98 patients)and dead group (44 patients)by using hospital mortality.The risk factors of mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock patients were assessed by binary logistic regression.Results Independent mortality risk factors were inotropic agents (OR =4.329,95%CI:1.045 -17.937,P =0.043),blood glucose >10 mmol/L (OR =3.771,95%CI:1.214 -11.710,P =0.022)and APACHE Ⅱ score (OR =3.098,95%CI:2.012 -4.760,P =0.000),while PaO2 /FiO2 after early goal -directed therapy (EGDT)was protective factor (OR =0.682,95%CI:0.500 -0.930, P =0.016).Conclusion Severe sepsis and septic shock patients with inotropic agents,blood glucose >10mmol/L, high APACHE Ⅱ score and decreased PaO2 /FiO2 after EGDT indicate poorly prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic mechanism of Zhizhu Pill (ZP) for treating functional dyspepsia (FD) rats.

METHODSTotally 30 ten-day-old male rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (n =10) and the model group (n = 20). The FD rat model was induced using gastric administration of 0.1% iodoacetamide (IA) combined tail clamping. The model was evaluated when rats were 8-week old. Successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group (n = 10) and the ZP group (n = 10). Rats in the normal group and the model group were administered with normal saline by gastrogavage, while those in the ZP group were administered with ZP Decoction (2 mL/100 g) by gastrogavage. All medication lasted for 7 successive days. The contractile activity in in vitro longitudinal gastric muscle was recorded using Power Lab biological signal collecting system. The expression of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) in stomach of FD rats was detected using Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, average frequencies of gastric contraction and changing rates of amplitude obviously decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Results of Western blot and IHC showed that the expression of GHSR decreased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, average frequencies of gastric contraction and changing rates of amplitude obviously increased in the ZP group (P < 0.05). Results of Western blot and IHC showed that the expression of GHSR increased in the ZP group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONZP could promote the gastric motility in FD rats induced by gastric administration of IA combined tail clamping, and its mechanism might be related to up-regulating GHSR protein level.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Dyspepsia ; drug therapy ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Receptors, Ghrelin ; metabolism

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Ketamine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Treatment Outcome

In order to explore reasonable artificial cultivation pattern of Thesium chinense, the biological characteristics and nutrients change in the process of winter dormancy of T. chinense was studied. The phenological period of T. chinense was observed by using fixed-point notation and the starch grains changes were determined dynamically by PAS-vanadium iron hematoxylin staixjing method. Soluble sugar and starch content were measured by anthrone-sulfuric acid method and amylase activity was determined by DN'S method. The results showed that the normal life cycle of T. chinense was two years. T. chinense was growing by seed in the first year, but growing by the root neck bud in the second year. During the process of dormancy, starch and soluble sugar could mutual transformation in different periods. T. chinense had sufficient carbohydrate to maintain growth and also a lot of small molecules to improve their ability to fight against adversity.
Plant Dormancy ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Santalaceae ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seasons ; Starch ; analysis ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects of donor-specific regulatory T cells (Treg) transfusion on islet allograft survival. Methods Allogeneic fresh islets from Balb/c mice were transplanted to streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57 mice. The survival of islet allografts was observed. The experiment was divided into 3 groups: control group, nothing had been done to the recipients; simple islet transplantation group, the recipients received the islet transplantation only; experimental group, the recipients were given 1 ×106 Treg, then received islet transplantation. Results Blood glucose (BG) was above 16. 7 mmol/L after islet transplantation in control group; In simple islet transplantation group,BG level returned to normal level 1 to 2 days after transplantation, and hyperglycemia appeared 7 to 11 days after transplantation and maintained as the same as that before transplantation; In experimental group, BG level returned to normal level 2 days after transplantation and maintained at a low level,and at the 21st day after transplantation BG level was over 16. 7mmol/L in some recipients. Islet allograft survival in experimental group was significantly prolonged as compared with simple islet transplantation group. Conclusion Donor-specific Treg transfusion could prolong the islet allograft survival,and maybe have positive effect on tolerance induction of islet transplantation.

Objective To examine the epidemiology of kidney stone in Pudong New Area ofShanghai and analyze its risk factors. Methods 12 565 residents with the age above 16 years weresurveyed. All subjects needed to answer a questionnaire concerning their sex,age,geographic loca tions,occupation,education status and family history of renal calculi,etc. Ultrasound examinationwas used to diagnose the kidney stone. Results The average prevalence of kidney stone was 3.15%(396/12565),4. 05%(247/6096)in the men and 2.30%(149/6469) in the women,respectively (P<0. 05). The prevalence increased significantly with age of men,whereas the prevalence was highest forwomen aged 50-59. The prevalence between city and rural was not significantly different before age60 (2.58% vs 2. 62%,P>0. 05),whereas the prevalence were significantly different after age 60(6.28% vs 3.36%,P<0.05). The prevalence of subjects with a family history of renal calculi washigher than that without family history (32.02% vs 2.06%,P<0. 01). The prevalence in manage ment staff and vehicle drivers were the highest. Conclusions The prevalence of kidney stone in Pud ong New Area of Shanghai was lower than that in south of China. The relative risk increased in sub jects of aged men,women aged 50 59,with family history of renal calculi,management staff and ve hicle drivers. An understanding of the epidemiology particularly the interactions among different fac tors,may help lead to approach that reduce the risk of stone formation.

Objective To find the plantar pressure readings which best indicate foot inversion during the stance phase of walking among hemiplegic stroke survivors.Methods Twenty-two hemiplegic stroke survivors who were able to walk without extra aid were recruited as the experimental group, while 17 healthy elderly men of similar age and body weight were selected as the control group.Those in both groups were asked to walk at their preferred speed over a Footscan device which measured medio-lateral pressure ratios, maximum plantar pressures and the contact areas of both feet.The Clinical Spasticity Index (CSI) was used to evaluate the affected feet.Results The average medial forefoot pressure of the affected side in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group, but their average mesopodium and heel pressure was significantly higher.The average pressure applied by the great toe on the uninjured side in the experimental group was significantly smaller than that of the control group, but the average mesopodium and heel pressure of both feet among the hemiplegics were significantly higher than those of the control group.Among the experimental group, the average medial forefoot pressure of the affected foot was significantly greater than that of the healthy foot.The average contact area of the great toe on the affected side was significantly bigger than was observed in the control group.That of the medial forefoot was, however, significantly smaller than in the control group.There was no significant difference in the contact area between the healthy and affected feet in the experimental group, though the maxmium medio-lateral pressure ratios of their full feet and forefeet on the affected side were significantly lower than those in the healthy group.No significant differences in the maxmium medio-lateral pressure ratios of the heel were observed between the two groups, nor of the full feet, forefeet and heels of the affected and unaffected sides in the experimental group.The patients demonstrated consistently reduced joint mobility on both sides during the stance phase, coinciding with increased inversion.A significant negative correlation was found between the maxmium medio-lateral pressure ratios of the full foot and the maximum pressure of the lateral part of forefoot in the experimental group, but there was no significant correlation with contact area or CSI.Conclusions Plantar pressure data can be used to describe the amount of foot inversion in the stance phase of walking with hemiplegic patients after stroke.The maxmium medio-lateral pressure ratios can effectively reflect their foot inversion.