To clear the kinds of trace elements which is closely related with the active ingredient, proclaim the effects of trace elements on the quality of the Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, provide the theoretical foundation to the further quality control of cultivation, take the advantage of the HPLC to determine the contents of glycyrrhizic acid and the liquiritin according to Chinese pharmacopoeia, use the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to test the contents of Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Se, Cd, Ni, La, Na, Cr, M, Fe, Ca, Al, K, Sr, then, use SPSS statistical software for active ingredient and trace elements Correlation Analysis. The result of correlation analysis showed that Liquiritin contents of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma have strong a positive correlation with the Mn, Pb contents, well, have a negative correlation with the Cu, Na contents; Glycyrrhizic acid contents showed a positive correlation with Mg, Cd, La contents, however, it showed a negative correlation with K, Fe contents. Comprehensive analysis of the results of the study, a preliminary thought that the active ingredient of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma closely related with the trace elements, but the exact conclusion still need further study concentration-response relationship analysis.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavanones ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; analysis ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Trace Elements ; analysis

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography for neck lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT) coexistent with PTC.Methods Two hundred and seventy-eight patients who accepted thyroid surgery were retrospectively reviewed for the pre-operative ultrasonographic and post-operative pathological reports.All patients were confirmed as PTC by surgery and pathology.According to the presence of HT confirmed in pathology,all patients were divided into two groups:group of PTC and group of HT with PTC.The status of neck lymph node metastasis and the diagnostic value of pre-operative ultrasound in detecting neck lymph node metastasis were studied.Results There were 185 cases in the group of PTC,and the rate of neck lymph node metastasis was 59.5 ％;while there were 93 cases in the group of HT with PTC,in which the rate of neck lymph node metastasis was 45.2％.The difference between the two groups in lymph node metastasis was statistically significant (P =0.024).The predictive accuracy of pre-operative ultrasound for central neck lymph node was 53.9％ in the group of PTC,which was statistically higher than 18.8％ in the group of HT with PTC(P =0.01).The predictive accuracy of pre-operative ultrasound for lateral neck lymph node was 79.4％ in the group of PTC,which had no statistical difference with that in the group of HT with PTC (73.1％,P =0.565).Conclusions The neck lymph node metastasis in PTC patients occurs more frequently than that in PTC patients with HT.The value of pre-operative ultrasound examination is lower for the detection of central lymph node metastasis,especially in PTC patients with HT;while ultrasound is more sensitive and accurate for lateral lymph node detection regardless of the existence of HT.

Spermiogenesis is a complex process of differentiation and morphologic alteration, in which sperm acrosome formation is an important stage. Acrosome is an essential component of the sperm head, which develops in four distinct phases: Golgi, cap, acro- somal, and maturation, each supported by precise and orderly regulation of various genes. The regulatory genes which act on Golgi ap- paratus include GOPC, Hrb, SPATA16, PICK1, and CK2α', those involved in the cap phase are Fads2, syntaxin 2, Kdm3a, and UBR7, and participating in acrosomal and maturation phases are KIFC1, Rnf19a, and DPY19L2. The abnormalities of these genes may affect male fertility by influencing the connection of the nuclear dense lamina and acroplaxome with the nuclear membrane and then the fusion and transportation of vesicles. This review focuses on the genes involved in different phases of acrosome formation.
Acrosome ; physiology ; Animals ; Golgi Apparatus ; Male ; Mice ; Sperm Head ; physiology ; Spermatids ; growth & development ; Spermatogenesis ; genetics ; Spermatozoa ; growth & development

This paper introduces the design and development of a teleimaging diagnosis system by using B/S mode. A detailed design on the telediagnosis process and telediagnosis management is presented, focusing on resolving medical image transmission, management and display in the internet, and is trying to integrate the teleimaging diagnosis system with PACS.
Diagnostic Imaging ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; Internet ; Software Design ; Teleradiology ; methods

Acetaminophen (APAP, also known as paracetamol)-induced liver injury is the leading cause of drug-induced liver injury in the world. Wuzhi Tablet (WZ, an ethanol extract of Schisandra sphenanthera) is widely used in clinical practice to protect liver function. Our previous studies have shown that pretreatment with WZ for 3 days can significantly protect against APAP-induced liver injury; however, the effect of different intervals between APAP and WZ treatment on APAP-induced liver injury remains unclear. In this study, the change in liver injury indexes, APAP metabolites, and the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes after treatment with WZ and APAP at different intervals were determined. The animal experiment was reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-sen University. The results show that 0 h, 0.5 h, and 2 h pretreatment with WZ significantly protected against APAP-induced liver injury in mice, as evidenced by a significant decrease in biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and malonaldehyde (MDA). WZ inhibited the metabolic activation of APAP mediated by CYP450 enzymes and reduced the formation of APAP metabolites. This study further demonstrates that pretreatment with WZ at different intervals (0 h, 0.5 h, and 2 h before APAP dosing) exerts a significant hepatoprotective effect against APAP-induced liver injury, and a single-dose of WZ inhibits the activity of CYP450 enzymes related to APAP metabolic activation, thereby protecting against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.

Objective To analyzed the treatment of intracranial aneurysms by mierosurgical clipping, endovascular embolization and embolization combined clipping therapy.In order to explore the ideal and effec- tive treatment plan of intracranial ruptured aneurysm.Methods The clipped group of 30 aneurysms.The embolized group of 34 aneurysms.The combined group of 15 aneurysms.Results Clipped group:All of aneurysms was clipped well,no recurrence,mortality 6%(2/30).Embolized Group:complete embolization rate 70.6%(24/34),recurrence rate 17.6%(6/34),mortality 11.8%(4/34).Combined group:no recur- rence,mortality 6.7%(1/15).All patients of three groups were evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scale one month later and the rate of recovery well was 80.0%,79.4%and 80.0%.Following up for six months the data were 90.0%,88.2%and 86.7%.Conclusion Microsurgical clipping aneurysm(?)neck is still an ef- fective therapy.Meanwhile it has an absolute advantage of high completely cure rate and low recurrence rate, furthermore it is an available remediation method for those cases that failure of embolization,and for those re- currence aneurysms that have been embolized,microsurgical clipping should be,taken as soon as possible in case of aneurysms re-ruptured.For the patients the aneurysms are narrow shape,irregular shape,small(≤3 nun)or with cerebral hematomas microsurgical clipping is a fitting choice.

Objective To assess the feasibility of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for monitoring the phagocytic activity in the brain tissue of rats following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods Forty male SD rats were randomized into 5 groups, namely 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining group (n=4), sham-operated group (n=6), and 3 cerebral IR injury groups with reperfusion time of 24, 48, and 72 h (n=10). USPIO was intravenously injected after focal cerebral IR injury, and MRI was performed at 24, 48, and 72 h after the reperfusion. The rats were sacrificed at 24, 48 and 72 h, and frozen sections of the local brain tissues were prepared to observe the cell death with HE staining, iron particle distribution with Prussian blue staining and the activity of the macrophages by CD68 immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescent labeling. Results The ischemic lesions were identified as hyperintense area on T2-weighted images (T2WI) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The accumulation of USPIO appeared as hyperintense areas on T1WI and hypointense area on T2WI. The maximum signal change was observed at 24 h on T1WI (1.60±0.28) and at 48 h on T2WI (0.92±0.17) (P<0.05), and at each of the time points, the enhancement was significantly greater on T1WI than on T2WI (P<0.05). No obvious signal changes were found in the control group. Prussian blue staining detected iron oxide particles in both the peripherals of the ischcmic region and the necrotic area. A similar distribution pattern of the macrophagcs or activated microglia was found by CD68 immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent labeling. Conclusion USPIO-cnhanced MRI allows dynamic monitoring of the inflammatory reaction in the local brain tissues aftcr focal cerebral IR injury.

Objective To study the relationship between liver pathological changes and serum HBeAg and HBV DNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods Liver puncture biopsy for histopathological examinations were performed in 1057 patients with chronic hepatitis B. The quantitative analysis of serum HBV DNA by fluorogenic quantitative PCR and HBeAg by chemoluminescence were also conducted. Results The inflammatory grade and fibrosis stage were higher in HBeAg-negative paients (G4 and S4 were 7.83% and 12.17%respectively) than in HBeAg-positive patients (G4 and S4 were 3.39% and 5.44% respectively). The inflammatory grade and fibrosis stage were higher in HBeAg-positive patients with low-level HBV DNA( G3G4 was 45.64% and S3S4 was 30.20% for HBV DNA 104-105 ), whereas they were higher in HBeAg-negative patients with high-level HBV DNA(G3G4 was 54.55% for HBV DNA 106-107 and S3S4 was 42.85% for HBV DNA 108-109). Conclusion There were some correlation between the liver pathological changes and serum HBeAg and HBV DNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B. It is important to perform the liver pathological examination and antiviral therapy as early as possible in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B.

The study aims to investigate the associations of SUMO4 polymorphisms with tacrolimus concentrations in Chinese renal transplant recipients. Blood samples and clinical data were collected from 132 renal transplant recipients with tacrolimus treatment. CYP3A5*3 genotypes were detected by PCR-RFLP, and SUMO4 (rs237024, rs237025) genotypes were detected by Sequenom® MassARRAY system. SUMO4 rs237024 and rs237025 genotypes were in complete linkage disequilibrium (D' = 1). The dose-adjusted concentration of tacrolimus in SUMO4 rs237024A-rs237025A (GA-GA +AA-AA) carriers was considerably higher than that in GG-GG carriers (P < 0.05). After stratification by CYP3A5*3 genotypes, SUMO4 rs237024A-rs237025A carriers (GA-GA+AA-AA) had a higher dose-adjusted tacrolimus concentration than that in GG carriers in CYP3A5 expresser (P < 0.05). The results illustrated that SUMO4 rs237024 and rs237025 polymorphisms were associated with tacrolimus concentrations, and the test of these genotypes may be useful for individualized medicine of tacrolimus.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins ; genetics ; Tacrolimus ; blood ; therapeutic use

Central Nervous System Infections ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Male