Objective To survey the incidence, distribution, rehabilitation and participation in society of the intellectual disability in Hainan. Methods To analyze the data from the Second China National Sample Survey on Disability. Results Among 41214 people, 14075 live in city, 27139 in countryside. The incidence of intellectual disability was 4.3‰. There were significant difference among counties, villages and cities. The distribution of age were 17‰ in 0～6 years old, 6.3‰ in 7～13 years old, 2.3‰ in >14 years old. The ratio of mild to serious disability was 2.3∶1 in 0～6 y, and 1∶1.5 in >7 y. 6.6% sufferers had accepted medical treatment, 1.2% ones had accepted rehabilitation, 1.8% ones had accepted other social support, 82.4% ones had never be assisted. Conclusion The intellectual disability of 0～6 years children in Hainan is seriously. The rehabilitation and social support system should be improved.

Humans ; Larynx ; surgery ; Neurilemmoma ; surgery

Background Oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization is the main pathological basis for many retinal vascular diseases.Research showed that light exposure at night can suppress retinal neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR),but there were few reports discussing its effect on ROP.Objective This study aimed to observe the effect of light exposure at night on retinal neovascularization in an OIR mouse model.Methods Sixty-four newborn C57 BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups,with 16 mice for each group.OIR models were established by rearing the newborn C57BL/6J mice with their mothers in a(75±2)％ oxygen environment from postnatal day 7(P7)to Pl2,and then transferred to room air.In the OIR model group,the environmental illumination level was the same as the normal control group,and the model mice were exposed to 100 lx light at night in the OIR+ light exposure group.In the simple light exposure group,normal mice were reared in room air and were exposed to light at night from P12 to P17.All the mice were sacrificed on P17,and retinal flat mounts were prepared to assess the oxygen-induced changes of retinal vessels using the adenosine diphosphatase(ADPase)histochemical technique.The amount of proliferative neovascularization was quantified by counting the number of endotheliocyte nuclei in new vessels extending from the retinal inner limiting membrane into the vitreous in ocular cross-sections.The expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)protein was detected by immunohistochemistry.Real-time PCR analysis was performed to examine the expression of VEGF mRNA.The rearing and usage of the animals complied with the Statement of ARVO.Results Less free-vascular areas and new blood vessels were seen in the OIR+light exposure group compared with the OIR model group.On day 17 of the mouse life,the number of the endotheliocyte nuclei in new vessels extending from retinal inner limiting membrane were 0.97±0.83,1.00±0.72,38.57±5.01 and 16.92±3.39 in the normal group,simple light exposure group,OIR model group and OIR+light exposure group,respectively,showing significant differences among them(F =78.767,P =0.000).The number of nuclei in the OIR+light exposure group were less than that of the OIR model group(t=20.446,P＜0.01).Immunochemistry showed that the expression of VEGF in retina was weaker in the OIR+light exposure group than the OIR model group.The relative expression values of VEGF mRNA were 1.00±0.00,0.94±0.07,2.08±0.50 and 1.43±0.21 in the normal group,simple light exposure group,OIR model group and OIR+light exposure group,respectively,showing a significant difference (F=11.268,P =0.003),where the VEGF mRNA level in the OIR+light exposure group was lower than that of the OIR model group(t =20.163,P＜0.05).Conclusions Light exposure at night can weaken retinal neovascularization in OIR mice

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between microalbuminuria and arterial compliance in hypertensive and diabetes patients.

METHODSA total of 200 patients with essential hypertension and/or diabetes were studied. Albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) was determined. Carotid to femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV), C(1) and C(2) were measured by a Complier Colson device and DO-2020, respectively.

RESULT(1) C(1) and C(2) were lower and PWV higher in high ACR group than in normal ACR group (P < 0.01). (2) In patients younger than 60 years, C(1) was lower and PWV higher in high ACR group than that in normal ACR group (P < 0.01). In patients older than 60 years, C(1), C(2) were lower in high ACR group than in normal ACR group.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that compliance of large and small vessels in hypertensive and diabetic patients decreased with increasing ACR.

Adult ; Aged ; Albumins ; analysis ; Albuminuria ; Arteries ; physiopathology ; Creatinine ; urine ; Diabetes Mellitus ; physiopathology ; urine ; Elasticity ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; urine ; Male ; Middle Aged

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; Skull Neoplasms ; Temporal Bone ; pathology

Objective To investigate the differences of self-concept and personality in middle school students between the migrant workers and local children. Methods Self-concept was assessed by Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale (PHCSS) and personality was assessed by Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ ) in the middle school students between the migrant workers ( n = 206) and local children ( n= 166). Results 1. There was no significant difference between two groups in behavior,intellect and school state and physical appearance subscale of PHCSS. The total scores (55. 7 ± 10.1) and other subscale of PHCSS of the migrant workers group were significant lower than those of the local group (P＜0.01). The total scores (55. 8 ±9. 9) and anxiety (9.4 ± 2.4) and happiness satisfaction (7.5 ±1.9) subscale of PHCSS in the male middle school students of the migrant workers group was significant lower than those of the local group(P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01). The total scores (54.8±10.2),anxiety(9.0±2.2),gregarious (8.2 ±2.0) ,happiness satisfaction (7.4 ±2.0) subscale of PHCSS in the female middle school students of the migrant workers group were significant lower than those of the local group(P ＜ 0. 01) 2. Except Lie ( L) score of EPQ, other three scores were significantly different between two groups. Conclusion self-concept of middle school students of the migrant workers studying in Tianjin is significantly lower than that of the local. Personality in middle school students of the migrant workers is more diffident, neuropathic and more psychotics than that of local.

Objective Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is a common disorder resulting from a large variety of causes. Acute injury is one of the main reasons. The purpose is to describe the MRI manifestations of rhabdomyolysis caused by 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan province and to discuss their importance in diagnosis and treatment of rhabdomyolysison in clinic practice. Methods Three patients with rhebdomyolysis caused by earthquake were studied via 1.5 T MRI. In all the patients, T, and T2 weighted sequences with and without fat suppression, and short time inversion recovery (STIR) of both lower extremities were obtained in axial, coronal and sagittal planes. All patients were given contrast material during imaging, and MRA (magnetic resonance angiography) of both lower extremity vessels were performed. The MRI characteristics of damaged extremities in 3 cases were studied. Results MRI showed swelling of the affected muscles and subcutaneous fat tissue on both T1 and T2 weighted images. The margins of involved muscles were blurred. On T1 weighted images, swollen muscles showed equal or slightly decreased intensity with small patterns of increased intensity in some local areas. On T2 weighted and STIR sequences, the affected muscles showed inhomogeneons increased signal intensity with clearer margin. Slight fluid collection in spatium intermusculare was observed. Contrast-enhanced scanning showed nonhomologous intensification of damaged muscles, the enhancement inside the muscles was decreased when compared with normal muscles. The locations of all these abnormal intensity were correlated with the injury history and clinic physical examinations. MRA showed no lower extremity vessels were affected. Conclusion MRI has very high sensitivity in detecting the injury of muscles. It's very useful in evaluating the extent and severity of muscles affected in rhabdomyolysis caused by trauma. Also it's very valuable to evaluate the condition of blood vessels in involved extremity for predicting the prognosis of the disease. Therefore MRI possesses a very important role in the diagnosis and treatment of RM.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and significance of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF- 1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) expressions in ankle cartilage of patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD).Methods:In this case-control study, 10 KBD patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Orthopedics of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 were selected as KBD group, and 10 patients with ankle fracture caused by trauma but without talus injury during the same period were selected as control group, the cartilage tissues of the two groups were collected. IGF-1, IGFBP2 positive cells, the mRNA and protein expressions of IGF-1, IGFBP2 in the cartilage tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. According to the expressions of IGF-1 and IGFBP2 in ankle cartilage of KBD patients, a patient with amputation caused by trauma was selected in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, and ankle joint cartilage was taken to prepare chondrocytes for in vitro cell verification experiments. The chondrocyte were divided into control group (0 ng/ml T-2 toxin), T-2 treatment group (20 ng/ml T-2 toxin) and T-2+ IGFBP2 silenced group (20 ng/ml T-2 toxin+ 50 nmol/L IGFBP2 siRNA), the MTT method and dimethyl methylene blue staining were used to detect the activity of chondrocyte and the secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG). Results:In the control group and the KBD group, the number of IGF-1[(47.26 ± 8.97), (68.15 ± 7.42) cells] and IGFBP2 positive cells [(27.56 ± 5.40), (71.85 ± 7.62) cells] in the cartilage tissues were significantly different ( t = 4.487, 9.402, P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the IGF-1, IGFBP2 mRNA and protein expression levels in KBD group were significantly higher, the differences were significantly different ( t = 3.340, 20.700, 4.684, 8.699, P < 0.05 or < 0.01). In cell experiment, the chondrocyte activitives and sGAG contents of the control group, T-2 treatment group, and T-2+ IGFBP2 silenced group were significantly different ( F = 226.70, 80.66, P < 0.01); among them, the cell activitives and sGAG contents of the T-2 treatment group and T-2+ IGFBP2 silenced group were lower than those of control group ( P < 0.05), and the T-2+ IGFBP2 silenced group were higher than those of the T-2 treatment group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:The expressions of IGF-1 and IGFBP2 in the ankle cartilage of KBD patients are significantly higher. Silencing IGFBP2 gene can reduce the inhibitory effect of T-2 toxin on chondrocyte activity and the secretion of sGAG.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects and mechanisms of ascorbic acid (AA) and sodium selenite (SS) on growth inhibition and redifferentiation in human gastric cancer cells.

METHODSIn the present study, trypan blue dye exclusion method was used to determine the cell growth curve and mitotic index, cell electrophoresis and colonogenic potential were used as the indexes of redifferentiation. In order to find out the mechanisms of redifferentiation, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were assayed, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and H2O2 were evaluated.

RESULTSAfter treatment with AA 3 mol/L + SS 2 mu mol/L, the growth rate and mitotic index of human gastric cancer cells (MGc-803) decreased remarkably. The indexes related with cell malignancy were alleviated. For example, cell surface charge was obviously decreased, the electrophoresis rate was dropped from 2.21 to 1.15 mu m.s-1.V-1.cm-1. The indexes related with cell redifferentiation were promoted. For example, the colonogenic potential was decreased to 93.5%. These results indicated that redifferentiation of human gastric cancer cells was successfully induced by AA + SS. The activities of SOD and GPX were significantly higher, while the activity of CAT was slower in treated group than that in the control. The content of MDA was slightly decreased, GSH was sharply decreased, and H2O2 content was dramatically increased.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that combination of ascorbic acid and sodium selenite may induce the redifferentiation of human gastric cancer cells and inhibit cell growth by virtue of enhancing the activities of antioxidative enzymes and inducing the formation of H2O2, and altering the cell redox status. Combination of ascorbic acid and sodium selenite may be a potent anticancer agent for human gastric cancer.

Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; Catalase ; pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mitotic Index ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

PURPOSE: Diabetes mellitus has been either the fourth or fifth leading cause of death among Taiwanese adults during 1995–2015. Older adults with diabetes are at higher risk of developing diabetic macrovascular and micro-vascular complications. The purpose of this study explored the self-management experiences of middle-aged and older adults with diabetes through a focus group. METHODS: Purposive sampling was used to recruit patients with diabetes from the metabolic outpatient clinics of medical centers and regional hospitals in Taiwan. Two focus groups, comprising a total of 23 participants, were employed to collect data, and group discussions were held a total of four times in an education room that was distant from clinical areas. RESULTS: Three themes were generated from analysis of the collected data: (1) “listening to the voice of the body and observing physical changes,” (2) “re-recognizing diabetes and challenges,” and (3) “self-management implementation dilemmas.” This study provided new insights into the experiences of middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan regarding their self-management of diabetes. CONCLUSION: Healthcare teams should be involved in the self-management education of patients with diabetes as early as possible to reduce patients' anxiety and to develop more patient-centered, culture-sensitive clinical skills. In addition to monitoring patients' self-management, healthcare professor should pay more attention to patients' successful adaptation to and coexistence with the disease.
Adult ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Anxiety ; Cause of Death ; Clinical Competence ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Education ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Patient Care Team ; Patient Education as Topic ; Self Care ; Taiwan ; Voice