Depression in modern medicine belongs to the depression syndrome in TCM. As early as the pre-Qin period, the ancient doctors recognized depression syndrome as a kind of disease associated with the function of visceral organs or emotional stimulation, which showed mood disorders and a variety of physical symptoms. The doctors in the past dynasties had explored different kinds of non-medicine therapies except for general medicine therapies, such as acupuncture and moxibustion, tuina, music and emotional therapy etc., which had obtained definite therapeutic effects. This article reviewed the non-medicine therapies for depression syndrome in ancient literatures and modern clinical researches, in order to provide some references for the treatment of depression.

This article aims to introduce the progress, mechanism, advantage, disadvantage and application of cryoablation technique, as well as the most advanced instruments in the world nowadays, which have been clinically used for the treatment of cancer, and their operating principles and functions.The following are some of the state-of-the-art cryoablation instruments:the ArcticFront balloon catheter for the ablation of pulmonary vein(CryoCath Technologies Inc., Canada), the V-probe(Endocare Inc., U.S.A.), which can generate iceball of five different diameters by adjusting the slip-twisting position, the 1.47 mm diameter probe(Galil-medical Inc., Israel), the Cryo-s(Metrum-cryoflex Inc., Denmark), and cryosurgery-hyperthermia equipment and"nano frozen"technique(Liu Jing's Study Group).The prospect of cryoablation technique is also discussed in this paper.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE MRA) in infrapopliteal occlusive diseases of diabetic patients.Methods A total of 105 patients with known diabetes and peripheral vascular occlusive disease who underwent both CE MRA and DSA examnations were included in this study.They had no obvious stenosis or with stenosis of less than 75％ in iliac,femoral,and popliteal arteries.Every infra-popliteal artery was anatomically divided into 9 vascular segments as tibiofibular trunk artery,proximal and distal anterior tibial artery,proximal and distal posterior tibial artery,proximal and distal peroneal artery,plantar and dorsalis pedis artery.There were 945 segments.The arterial stenosis was accessed with CE MRA and DSA respectively.The segments were scored in 5 categories as＜30％,≥30％ and＜50％,≥50％ and＜75％,≥75％ and＜100％,and 100％ according to stenostic degrees.The Kappa test was used to compare the diagnostic consistency of CE MRA and DSA.Taken DSA as a gold standard for reference,ROC curve was drawn to calculate the diagnostic accuracy of CE MRA in diagnosis of lower limb arterial disease.Results The ratio of statistically valid segments for both CE MRA and DSA were 97.7％ (923/945) in 945 vessel segments of 105 patients,and 390 of 923 arterial segments were both indicated as occlusion by CE MRA and DSA.The diagnostic consistency for the segments was listed in the decreasing order as follows:proximal peroneal artery,proximal posterior tibial artery,distal posterior tibial artery,proximal anterior tibial artery,distal anterior tibial artery,tibiofibular trunk artery,dorsalis pedis artery,plantar artery,distal peroneal artery,and corresponding Kappa values were 0.88,0.86,0.84,0.84,0.81,0.77,0.75,0.75 and 0.73,P＜ 0.05.The AUC(area under ROC curve) of CE MRA was 0.893 with 95％ confidence interval of 0.882 to 0.904.Conclusion CE MRA is an accurate imaging modality in the diagnosis of infrapopliteal occlusive disease s for diabetes.

AIM:To explore the feasibility and biological characterization of long-term regulated expansion of JAK2 transduced human CD34+ cord blood cells in vitro.METHODS: A retrovirus (RV) vector which contains JAK2 catalytic domain and two binding sites for a chemical inducer, dimerization (AP20187), was cloned (designated MGI-F2JAK2). CD34+cells were enriched from cord blood with a MiniMACS system. The purified CD34+cells were transfected with supernatant from the retrovirus packaging cell line that expressed JAK2. Following transduction, cells were expanded into four groups: AP20187 alone, FL alone, TPO, alone, AP20187+FL+TPO, respectively. The expanded cells were monitored by GFP expression, immunophenotyping, progenitor colony assay, karyotype analysis as well as tumorigenesis in nude mice. RESULTS: The purity of selected CD34+ cells was over 91% and gene transfer rate was 49.32%?6.21%. Only the group of AP20187 +FL+ TPO was obtained a significant sustained outgrowth of the transduced CD34+ cord blood cells. The percentage of GFP+ cells consistently produced a rise to the 90% peak level by the end of 8th week of culture. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the phenotype of the expanded cells was CD33+, CD61+ and Gly-A+ partial positive; CD38+ and HLA-DR+ strong positive, while CD2, CD7 and CD19 were almost negative. Colony assays performed in methycelluos, which can give rise to BFU-E, CFU-GM and CFU-Mix, the CFU-GM was predominantly in all colonies. The tumor was not observed in nude mice and the karyotype analysis was normal from expanded cells.CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that AP20187-mediated activation of JAK2 signaling is capable of stimulating expansion JAK2 transduced CB CD34+ cells in combination with FL and TPO. This system may have applications for studies in signaling transduction, hematopoiesis, and for gene and cell therapy.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Bushen Tiaojing Recipe (BTR) on the quality of oocytes, reproductive hormones, and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP15) of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) patients.

METHODSSixty infertility patients who prepared for IVF-ET were assigned to two groups according to the treatment order, the treatment group [20 cases, treated with BTR + controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH)] and the control group (treated with COH alone, 40 cases). Age, the time limit for infertility, basal follicle-stimulating hormone (bFSH) concentration, usage days and the dosage of gonadotropins (Gn), serum levels of estradiol (E2), luteotropic hormone (LH), and progesterone (P) on the HCG injection day, the number of retrieved occytes, the fertilization rate, the number of embryos, the high quality embryo rate, and the clinical pregnancy rate were compared. Concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH, E2, testosterone (T), and P in the follicular fluid were detected via chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. The mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in mature granulosa cells was detected by real-time fluorescent PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSThirty-two patients were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 53.3%. Of them, 19 were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 47.5% in the control group, while 20 were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 65.0% in the treatment group. But there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the Gn dosage was lower and the high quality embryo rate was higher in the treatment group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in serum concentrations of E2, LH, or P on the HCG injection day, the number of retrieved oocytes, or the fertilization rate (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, FSH concentrations in the follicular fluid were significantly lower and LH concentrations were significantly higher in the treatment group (P < 0.05). The LH concentrations in the follicular fluid were significantly higher in pregnant patients than non-pregnant patients, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).There was no statistical difference in E2, T, or P concentrations (P > 0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in granulosa cells was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). It was also higher in pregnant patients than non-pregnant patients, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDuring the IVF-ET process, BTR could elevate the quality of oocytes, and increase the sensitivity of ovarian follicles to exogenous Gn, which was correlated with the mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in granulosa cells, and changing concentrations of FSH and LH.

Adult ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Embryo Transfer ; Estradiol ; blood ; metabolism ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; metabolism ; Follicular Fluid ; metabolism ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; metabolism ; Oocytes ; drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone ; blood ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; metabolism ; Young Adult

'Social beings' model of standardized training program for residents in Shanghai is one of the important measures in the health care reform. According to the requirements of the standardized training of residents in thoracic surgery, the article preliminarily explored the standardized training model for residents from four aspects such as individualized treatment of different professional backgrounds, focus-ing on the training needs of residents with different starting point of social beings, developing training programs for different training time and combining the master's degree graduate education. And based on the characteristics of thoracic surgery, it also summed up the past experience and explored the clinical practice teaching.

Objective To observe the damage of liver cells and to investigate the distribution and expression of glu-cose-regulated protein 78 (Glucose regulated protein78, GRP78/Bip) in liver tissue under the positive acceleration (+Gz) exposure.Methods Totally 24 wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups:blank control,+6Gz,+9Gz and +12Gz.Each rat was clamped to the centrifuge arm , prone position, with the head of the rat facing the axis of the centrifuge for +Gz orientation.The onset rate was +0.5 Gz/s, which was used trapezoidal acceleration curve effect and controlled by computer .Blank control group rats were placed on the arm of centrifuge and under-went a process similar to that described above , but they were not exposed to acceleration .+6Gz group,+9Gz group and +12Gz group were subjected at peak time 3 min in animal centrifuge , acceleration rate 0.5 G/s, five times with interval 30 min between times.In addition, liver tissue of rats were respectively observed by H .E.staining.Mean while, plasma aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) and alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) were tested determine the damageofliverfunction.Results +GzaccelerationstressinjuryincreasedserumASTandALTlevel.Compared with the stress control, +9Gz group and +12Gz group significantly increased in plasma ALT and AST as compared with control group ( P<0.05 ) .+12 Gz stress induced the highest level in these groups .The level of ALT in+2 Gz group was higher than that in +6 Gz group ( P<0.05 ) .HE staining showed derangement of liver cells , irregular shape, the cell gap is not clear, vacuolar changes in +Gz groups, and with the increase of G value.Compared with the control group, the expression of GRP78/Bip was focused in the cytoplasm;the expression of GRP78 in the experimental group is higher than that in the control group ( P<0.05 ) .+12 Gz group was significantly higher than+6Gz group and the control group (P<0.05).The expression of GRP78/Bip in liver tissue increased with the in-creasing of G value levels;the expression level of GRP78/Bip in +12Gz and +9Gz groups were higher than that in +6Gz and control group (P<0.05).Conclusions There is positively related expression of GRP78/Bip, which was associated with exposure of increasing G values .

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of moxa smoke versus tobaccosmoke on autonomous behaviors and hippocampal expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in apolipoprotein E gene knockout (ApoE-/-) mice.Method Thirteen 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice constituted a blank control group. Twenty-seven ApoE-/-mice of the same age were randomized into ApoE-/-model, moxa smoke and tobacco smoke groups. The tobacco smoke and moxa smoke groups of mice were exposed to smoke 5-15 mg/m3circumstances. Every group of mice was intervened in 20 min. daily, six days a week, for atotal of 12 weeks. A behavioral test was conducted in week 13. The animals were then sacrificed to take the materials. Hippocampal GFAP in the brain was measured by an immunohistochemical method.ResultAutonomous activities were significantly more in theblank group than in the model group (P<0.05) and significantly fewer in the tobacco smoke group than in the blank group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in autonomous activities between the tobacco smoke group and the model or moxa smoke group (P>0.05). Moving distance was longer in the moxa smoke group than in the model group (P<0.05). Standing-up number was smaller in the moxa smoke group than in the blank group (P<0.05). Integral optical density of GFAP immune reaction products in the hippocampus was significantlyhigher in the model group of mice than in the blank and moxa smoke groups (P<0.05). Hippocampal GFAP expression was significantly higher in the group of mice than in the moxa smoke and blank groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxa smoke can increase the excitability of central nervous system in mice and reduce hippocampal GFAP expression in a mice model of Alzheimer disease.

Due to the advantages of being unaffected by fetal gender, ease of detection, and good stability, circulating cell-free fetal RNA (cffRNA) is a potential biomarker in obstetric practice. Current evidence has shown that placenta is the main source of circulating cffRNA. In view of the abnormal expression levels in women with preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, circulating cffRNA is proposed as a potential tool to predict or diagnose these diseases. A summary of the molecular characteristics and the applications in preeclampsia of circulating cffRNA is reviewed, in order to evaluate the hypothesis for the prediction of preeclampsia by cffRNA.

Objective:To understand the possible detected mosaicism chromosome karyotyping using uncultured chorionic villus samples.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of singleton pregnant women who underwent fetal chromosome karyotyping of uncultured chorionic villus samples at the Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics from January 2016 to January 2019. Prenatal diagnosis indicators, fetal karyotypes, the incidence of chromosomal mosaicism and subsequent diagnosis, and perinatal outcomes were analyzed. Amniocentesis was performed when chromosomal mosaicism was identified. Descriptive statistical analysis was used for data analysis.Results:(1) A total of 438 pregnant women with available follow-up data were enrolled. Increased nuchal translucency (56.6%, 248/438) was the major indication for prenatal diagnosis. The karyotype analysis indicated that 79.5% (348/438) were normal, and 2.7% (12/428) were mosaicism. (2) Of the 438 cases, 336 cases (76.7%) were delivered at term, of which 327 cases were uncomplicated. There was one case of premature rupture of membranes within one week after amniocentesis and eight cases of abortion/fetal death between one week after the amniocentesis and 28 weeks of gestation. Of these nine cases, four had chromosomal abnormalities, and five had normal karyotypes. Termination of pregnancy was selected in 65 cases (14.8%) and 28 cases (6.4%) delivered before term. (3) Among the 12 (2.7%) cases of chromosomal mosaicism verified by fetal karyotyping through amniocentesis, four were confined placental mosaicism; six were abnormal chromosomal karyotypes in chorionic villous and amniotic fluid; one was true fetal mosaicism; one was a false positive. Among the 12 cases, three continued to term, one was preterm delivered, and eight selected labor induction, including three cases each of trisomy-21 and ultrasonographic structure abnormalities, and one case each of fetal growth restriction and labor induction based on patient preference.Conclusions:Karyotype analysis of uncultured chorionic villus samples may detect a certain proportion of mosaicism. Therefore, combining fluorescence in situ hybridization to achieve an accurate diagnosis and a detailed and systematic ultrasonic scan are recommended.